Pangali: Difference between revisions
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=== Allophonic Variation [WIP] === | === Allophonic Variation [WIP] === | ||
===== Nonprenasalized and nongeminated consonants that occur intervocalically are voiced if the preceding syllable is unstressed | ===== Intervocalic Lenition ===== | ||
<u>Nonprenasalized and nongeminated consonants that occur intervocalically are voiced if the preceding syllable is unstressed:</u> | |||
*''upaki'' /upaki/ = [ˈu.pa.gi] | *''upaki'' /upaki/ = [ˈu.pa.gi] | ||
** ''upangki'' /upa<sup>n</sup>ki / = [ˈu.pa.<sup>n</sup>ki], not *[ˈu.pa.<sup>n</sup>gi] | ** ''upangki'' /upa<sup>n</sup>ki / = [ˈu.pa.<sup>n</sup>ki], not *[ˈu.pa.<sup>n</sup>gi] | ||
*'' | *''ngotasa'' /ŋotasa/ = [ˈŋo.ta.zə] | ||
** '' | ** ''ngotassa'' /ŋotasːa/ = [ˈŋo.taˌsːa], not *[ˈŋo.taˌzːa] | ||
===== Centralization ===== | |||
Vowels preceding /ʔ/ are centralized. /a/ is both centralized and raised to [ɐ] | <u>Vowels preceding /ʔ/ are centralized. /a/ is both centralized and raised to [ɐ]:</u> | ||
*''shanuha'' /ʃanuʔa/ = [ˈʃa.nʉ.ʔə] | *''shanuha'' /ʃanuʔa/ = [ˈʃa.nʉ.ʔə] | ||
*''sahamu'' /saʔamu/ = [sɐˈʔa.mu] | *''sahamu'' /saʔamu/ = [sɐˈʔa.mu] | ||
*''piha'' /piʔa/ = [ˈpɨʔa] | *''piha'' /piʔa/ = [ˈpɨʔa] | ||
===== Lowering of /i/ and /u/ ===== | |||
/i/ and /u/ are lowered preceding nasals and prenasalized consonants | <u>/i/ and /u/ are lowered preceding nasals and prenasalized consonants:</u> | ||
*''sintu'' /si<sup>n</sup>tu/ = [ˈsɛ.<sup>n</sup>tu] | *''sintu'' /si<sup>n</sup>tu/ = [ˈsɛ.<sup>n</sup>tu] | ||
*''hunga'' /ʔuŋa/ = [ˈʔɔ. ŋa] | *''hunga'' /ʔuŋa/ = [ˈʔɔ. ŋa] | ||
==== Labio-Velar Fortition ==== | |||
/w/ is | <u>/w/ is fortifies to [g<sup>w</sup>] in stressed onset positions preceding /u/ and to [v] intervocalically when the preceding syllable is unstressed.</u> | ||
*''ngisatawu'' /ŋisatawu/ = [ŋiˈsa.ta. | *''wupani'' /wupani/ = [ˈg<sup>w</sup>u.pa.ni] | ||
**''wapawu'' /wapawu/ = [ˈwa.pa.vu], not *[ˈg<sup>w</sup>a.pa.vu] | |||
/a/ is reduced to /ə/ in word final syllables if the preceding syllable is unstressed. | *''ngisatawu'' /ŋisatawu/ = [ŋiˈsa.ta.wu] | ||
**''hawi'' /ʔawi/ = [ˈʔa.wi], not *[ˈʔa.vi] | |||
===== /a/ Reduction ===== | |||
<u>/a/ is reduced to /ə/ in word final syllables if the preceding syllable is unstressed.</u> | |||
*/u<sup>ŋ</sup>kula/ = [ˈɔ.<sup>ŋ</sup>ku.lə] | */u<sup>ŋ</sup>kula/ = [ˈɔ.<sup>ŋ</sup>ku.lə] | ||
**''ngkila'' /<sup>ŋ</sup>kila/ = [ˈ<sup>ŋ</sup>kila], not *[<sup>ˈŋ</sup>kilə] | **''ngkila'' /<sup>ŋ</sup>kila/ = [ˈ<sup>ŋ</sup>kila], not *[<sup>ˈŋ</sup>kilə] | ||