Rwbmwdqwg: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
m (→Consonants) |
m (→Consonants) |
||
| Line 172: | Line 172: | ||
* [ŋ̟ ɴ̟] occur as allophones of /n̪ n̪ʶ/ before dorsal stops. For speakers that realize /ɢ/ as a glottal stop, a preceding /n{{uvu}}/ is often realized as nasalization and lengthening of the preceding vowel. | * [ŋ̟ ɴ̟] occur as allophones of /n̪ n̪ʶ/ before dorsal stops. For speakers that realize /ɢ/ as a glottal stop, a preceding /n{{uvu}}/ is often realized as nasalization and lengthening of the preceding vowel. | ||
* /h/ is | * /h/ is never dropped except in some complex clusters, after an aspirate or a fricative. It is usually [h~ɦ], but is [ħ̞] (weakly fricated [ħ]) before or after /ɑ/ or /æ/. | ||
* Aspirated stops (written as voiceless in the orthography) are consistently aspirated; single unaspirated stops may be weakly voiced (as in German and Irish) or completely devoiced (as in Icelandic). Unaspirated stops are always devoiced after a voiceless or aspirated consonant: ''nectbw'' [ˈnɛk̟ʰtʲʰp⁼ü] 'we will write', and when they are geminated: ''mitcebbir'' [m{{laxi}}t{{lam}}{{pal}}'k{{adv}}{{laxe}}p:ər{{pal}}] 'arrogant'. Voiceless stops are also slightly longer than voiced ones. Unaspirated geminate stops are realized as voiceless unaspirated. Geminated and word-final aspirated stops are preglottalized. Word-final geminates surface as compensatory lengthening of the preceding vowel (cf. Irish and Hebrew diachronics). | * Aspirated stops (written as voiceless in the orthography) are consistently aspirated; single unaspirated stops may be weakly voiced (as in German and Irish) or completely devoiced (as in Icelandic). Unaspirated stops are always devoiced after a voiceless or aspirated consonant: ''nectbw'' [ˈnɛk̟ʰtʲʰp⁼ü] 'we will write', and when they are geminated: ''mitcebbir'' [m{{laxi}}t{{lam}}{{pal}}'k{{adv}}{{laxe}}p:ər{{pal}}] 'arrogant'. Voiceless stops are also slightly longer than voiced ones. Unaspirated geminate stops are realized as voiceless unaspirated. Geminated and word-final aspirated stops are preglottalized. Word-final geminates surface as compensatory lengthening of the preceding vowel (cf. Irish and Hebrew diachronics). | ||
* Emphatic consonants have the feature +RTR (retracted tongue root). Emphatic unaspirated stops tend to be less voiced than their nonemphatic counterparts; /ɢ̟/ is particularly prone to devoicing. | * Emphatic consonants have the feature +RTR (retracted tongue root). Emphatic unaspirated stops tend to be less voiced than their nonemphatic counterparts; /ɢ̟/ is particularly prone to devoicing. | ||