Kämpya: Difference between revisions

1 byte removed ,  1 September 2016
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===Ditransitive Sentences===
===Ditransitive Sentences===


For verbs such as "give", "sell", "send" etc. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ditransitive], the normal situation is to have the donor marked in the ergative case in the usual position (i.e before the verb and any postpositional phrases), the theme (whatever is being given / sold etc. to someone) directly after it, and marked with the secundative postposition /-ti/, and the recipient in the absolutive case either after the verb or topicalised at the beginning of the sentence e.g.
For verbs such as "give", "sell", "send" etc. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ditransitive], the normal situation is to have the donor marked in the ergative case in the usual position (i.e before the verb and any postpositional phrases), the theme (whatever is being given / sold etc. to someone) directly after it, and marked with the secundative postposition /-ta/, and the recipient in the absolutive case either after the verb or topicalised at the beginning of the sentence e.g.


/ˈsʰíʔtà=zù bàṵn=gḭ̂p dô̰k/
/ˈsʰíʔtà=zù bàṵn=gḭ̂p dô̰k/


guardian=ERG bone=SEC give dog
guardian=ERG bone=SEC give dog
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or
or


/dô̰k ˈsʰíʔtà=zù wá=bàṵn=gḭ̂p/
/dô̰k ˈsʰíʔtà=zù wá=bàṵn=gḭ̂p/


dog guardian=ERG INDEF=bone=SEC give
dog guardian=ERG INDEF=bone=SEC give
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The ergative argument can be topicalised in the same way e.g.
The ergative argument can be topicalised in the same way e.g.


/ˈsʰíʔtà wá=bàṵn=gḭ̂p dô̰k/
/ˈsʰíʔtà wá=bàṵn=gḭ̂p dô̰k/


guardian INDEF=bone=SEC give dog
guardian INDEF=bone=SEC give dog
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It is also perfectly possible to put a ditransitive sentence in the antipassive voice e.g.
It is also perfectly possible to put a ditransitive sentence in the antipassive voice e.g.


/ˈsʰíʔtà bàṵn=θú=gḭ̂p dô̰k=àuŋ/
/ˈsʰíʔtà bàṵn=θú=gḭ̂p dô̰k=àuŋ/


guardian bone=SEC ANTIP=give dog=DAT
guardian bone=SEC ANTIP=give dog=DAT


The guardian gave the bone to the dog.
The guardian gave the bone to the dog.


===With Postpositional Phrases===
===With Postpositional Phrases===