Da: Difference between revisions

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Nouns in Locative / Instrumentalis follow the verb and play the role of indirect objects or adverbial modifiers.
Nouns in Locative / Instrumentalis follow the verb and play the role of indirect objects or adverbial modifiers.


===Infixes ''-t-'', ''-x- '' and ''-k-''===
===Infixes ''-t-'', ''-s- '' and ''-x-''===
Three infixes, ''-t-,'' ''-x- ''and ''-k-'', can be used in different parts of speech and with different noun cases. The general semantic meaning of them is as follows:
Three infixes, ''-t-,'' ''-x- ''and ''-k-'', can be used in different parts of speech and with different noun cases. The general semantic meaning of them is as follows:
{| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="article-table"
{| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="article-table"
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|Moving towards, becoming, entering a state; goal, purpose, effect or consequence
|Moving towards, becoming, entering a state; goal, purpose, effect or consequence
|-
|-
| '''''-x-'''''
| '''''-s-'''''
|Moving away, leaving state; motive, cause, condition or antecedent
|Moving away, leaving state; motive, cause, condition or antecedent
|-
|-
| '''''-k-'''''
| '''''-x-'''''
|Moving through, being in a state
|Moving through, being in a state
|}
|}
In particular, when used with Locative, ''-t-'', ''-x-'' and ''-k-'' attach after the locative marker and have the meaning of "to", "from" and "through", respectively. E.g. ''Du mí hui'''t''''' (I go home) vs. ''Du mí hui'''x''''' (I am leaving home) vs. ''Du mí nomisi'''k''''' (I am walking on a path); ''Karmel nexa taoruru dei'''t''' taolono'' (She put the pencil on the desk) vs. ''Karmel haxa taoruru dei'''x''' taolono'' (She took the pencil from the desk), etc.
In particular, when used with Locative, ''-t-'', ''-s-'' and ''-x-'' attach after the locative marker and have the meaning of "to", "from" and "through", respectively. E.g. ''Du mí hui'''t''''' (I go home) vs. ''Du mí hui'''s''''' (I am leaving home) vs. ''Du mí nomisi'''x''''' (I am walking on a path); ''Karmel nessa taoruru dei'''t''' taolono'' (She put the pencil on the desk) vs. ''Karmel hassa taoruru dei'''x''' taolono'' (She took the pencil from the desk), etc.


''-x-'' and ''-t-'' can also be used with Genitive (e.g. ''huomen duo'' "my husband" vs. ''huomen du'''x'''o'' "my ex-husband") but such usage is more rare.
''-s-'' and ''-t-'' can also be used with Genitive (e.g. ''huomen duo'' "my husband" vs. ''huomen du'''ss'''o'' "my ex-husband") but such usage is more rare.


When used in verbs, ''-t-'', '' -x-'' and ''-k-'' form prospective, perfective and progressive aspects. Used to create adverbials, ''-t-'' and ''-x-'' produce adverbs of purpose and adverbs of cause, etc. We will give examples of these in each respective section below.
When used in verbs, ''-t-'', '' -s-'' and ''-x-'' form prospective, perfective and progressive aspects. Used to create adverbials, ''-t-'' and ''-s-'' produce adverbs of purpose and adverbs of cause, etc. We will give examples of these in each respective section below.


===Verb===
===Verb===
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