Aveiläğ: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
JMwitch3278 (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
JMwitch3278 (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
Line 5: | Line 5: | ||
Avaeğon has a phonemic inventory of 46 sounds. With 13 vowels, and 33 consonants. With the vowels they are further divided into 7 monophthongs and 6 diphthongs. | Avaeğon has a phonemic inventory of 46 sounds. With 13 vowels, and 33 consonants. With the vowels they are further divided into 7 monophthongs and 6 diphthongs. | ||
==Consonant charts== | |||
===Pulmonic consonants=== | |||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 884px; text-align:center;" | |||
! style="width: 68px; "| | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Bilabial | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Labio-dental | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Dental | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Alveolar | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Post-alveolar | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Retroflex | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Alveolo-palatal | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Palatal | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Velar | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Uvular | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Pharyngeal | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Epiglottal | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Glottal | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: center; "|Nasal | |||
| m̥ m | |||
| ɱ | |||
| n̪ | |||
| n̥ n | |||
| n̠ | |||
| ɳ | |||
| | |||
| ɲ̥ ɲ | |||
| ŋ̊ ŋ | |||
| ɴ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: center; "|Plosive | |||
| p b | |||
| p̪ b̪ | |||
| t̪ d̪ | |||
| t d | |||
| t̠ d̠ | |||
| ʈ ɖ | |||
| | |||
| c ɟ | |||
| k g | |||
| q ɢ | |||
| | |||
| ʡ | |||
| ʔ | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: center; "|Affricate | |||
| p͡ɸ b͡β | |||
| p̪͡f b̪͡v | |||
| t̪͡θ d̪͡ð | |||
| t͡s d͡z | |||
| t͡ʃ d͡ʒ | |||
| ʈ͡ʂ ɖ͡ʐ | |||
| t͡ɕ d͡ʑ | |||
| c͡ç ɟ͡ʝ | |||
| k͡x g͡ɣ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: center; "|Fricative | |||
| ɸ β | |||
| f v | |||
| θ ð | |||
| s z<br>θ̠ ð̠ | |||
| ʃ ʒ | |||
| ʂ ʐ | |||
| ɕ ʑ | |||
| ç ʝ | |||
| x ɣ | |||
| χ ʁ | |||
| ħ ʕ | |||
| ʜ ʢ | |||
| h ɦ | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: center; "|Approximant | |||
| β̞ | |||
| ʋ | |||
| | |||
| ɹ | |||
| | |||
| ɻ | |||
| | |||
| j | |||
| ɰ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: center; "|Trill | |||
| ʙ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| r | |||
| | |||
| ɽ͡r | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| ʀ | |||
| | |||
| я | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: center; "|Flap or tap | |||
| ⱱ̟ | |||
| ⱱ | |||
| | |||
| ɾ | |||
| | |||
| ɽ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| ɢ̆ | |||
| | |||
| ʡ̯ | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: center; "|Lateral fric. | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| ɬ ɮ | |||
| | |||
| ɭ˔̊ | |||
| | |||
| ʎ̥˔ | |||
| ʟ̝̊ ʟ̝ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: center; "|Lateral app. | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| l | |||
| | |||
| ɭ | |||
| | |||
| ʎ | |||
| ʟ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: center; "|Lateral flap | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| ɺ | |||
| | |||
| ɺ̠ | |||
| | |||
| ʎ̯ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
===Non-pulmonic consonants=== | |||
====Ejectives==== | |||
Ejective consonants are marked in the IPA with an apostrophe. Voiced ejectives are thought by many to be impossible for humans to produce. | |||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 884px; text-align:center;" | |||
! style="width: 68px; "| | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Bilabial | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Labio-dental | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Dental | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Alveolar | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Post-alveolar | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Retroflex | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Alveolo-palatal | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Palatal | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Velar | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Uvular | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Pharyngeal | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Epiglottal | |||
! style="width: 68px; "|Glottal | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: center; "|Plosive | |||
| p' | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| t' | |||
| | |||
| ʈ' | |||
| | |||
| c' | |||
| k' | |||
| q' | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: center; "|Affricate | |||
| p͡ɸ' | |||
| p̪͡f' | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| t͡ʃ' | |||
| ʈ͡ʂ' | |||
| t͡ɕ' | |||
| c͡ç' | |||
| k͡x' | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: center; "|Fricative | |||
| ɸ' | |||
| f' | |||
| θ' | |||
| s' | |||
| ʃ' | |||
| ʂ' | |||
| ɕ' | |||
| ç' | |||
| x' | |||
| χ' | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
==Vowel chart== | |||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 540px; text-align:center" | |||
! style="width: 90px; "| | |||
! style="width: 90px; "|Front | |||
! style="width: 90px; "|Near-front | |||
! style="width: 90px; "|Central | |||
! style="width: 90px; "|Near-back | |||
! style="width: 90px; "|Back | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: center; "|Close | |||
| i y | |||
| | |||
| ɨ ʉ | |||
| | |||
| ɯ u | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: center; "|Near-close | |||
| | |||
| ɪ ʏ | |||
| ɪ̈ ʊ̈ | |||
| ʊ | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: center; "|Close-mid | |||
| e ø | |||
| | |||
| ɘ ɵ | |||
| | |||
| ɤ o | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: center; "|Mid | |||
| e̞ ø̞ | |||
| | |||
| ə | |||
| | |||
| ɤ̞ o̞ | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: center; "|Open-mid | |||
| ɛ œ | |||
| | |||
| ɜ ɞ | |||
| | |||
| ʌ ɔ | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: center; "|Near-open | |||
| æ | |||
| | |||
| ɐ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: center; "|Open | |||
| a ɶ | |||
| | |||
| ä | |||
| | |||
| ɑ ɒ | |||
|} | |||
Here is another version of the vowel chart: | |||
{| class="nounderlines" cellspacing="0px" cellpadding=0 style="text-align:center; background:transparent;" | |||
|- style="text-align:center; font-size:smaller;" | |||
|| | |||
| style="width:60px;" | '''Front''' | |||
| style="width:60px;" | '''Near-front''' | |||
| style="width:60px;" | '''Central''' | |||
| style="width:60px;" | '''Near-back''' | |||
| style="width:60px;" | '''Back''' | |||
|- | |||
| style="height:30px; font-size:smaller; text-align:right;" | '''Close''' | |||
| style="height:210px;" colspan=5 rowspan=7 | <div style="position:relative;width:300px;height:210px;">[[Image:Blank vowel trapezoid.svg|300px]]<div style="background:transparent; position:absolute; top:0px; left:0px;"> | |||
{| style="position:relative; width:300px; height:210px; text-align:center; background:transparent;" | |||
|- | |||
| style="width:300px; height:210px; text-align:center; background:transparent;" | | |||
<!-- CLOSE VOWELS --> | |||
<div style="position:absolute; left:5%; width:2.33em; top:2%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;"> | |||
i • y</div> | |||
<div style="position:absolute; left:43.5%; width:2.33em; top:2%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;"> | |||
ɨ • ʉ</div> | |||
<div style="position:absolute; left:82%; width:3em; top:2%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;"> | |||
ɯ • u</div> | |||
<!-- NEAR-CLOSE VOWELS --> | |||
<div style="position:absolute; left:29%; width:2.33em; top:16%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;"> | |||
ɪ • ʏ</div> | |||
<div style="position:absolute; left:47.5%; width:2.66em; top:16%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;"> | |||
ɪ̈ • ʊ̈</div> | |||
<div style="position: absolute; left: 69%; width: 1.5em; top: 16%; height: 1.33em; font-size: 120%; background: white;">• ʊ</div> | |||
<!-- CLOSE-MID VOWELS --> | |||
<div style="position:absolute; left:16%; width:2.66em; top:30%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;"> | |||
e • ø</div> | |||
<div style="position:absolute; left:47.5%; width:2.8em; top:30%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;"> | |||
ɘ • ɵ</div> | |||
<div style="position:absolute; left:83%; width:2.66em; top:30%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;"> | |||
ɤ • o</div> | |||
<!-- MID VOWELS --> | |||
<div style="position:absolute; left:24.4%; width:2.33em; top:44%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;"> | |||
e̞ • ø̞</div> | |||
<div style="position:absolute; left:57.5%; width:1em; top:44%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;"> | |||
ə</div> | |||
<div style="position:absolute; left:83%; width:2.66em; top:44%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;"> | |||
ɤ̞ • o̞</div> | |||
<!-- OPEN-MID VOWELS --> | |||
<div style="position:absolute; left:29.5%; width:2.66em; top:58%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;"> | |||
ɛ • œ</div> | |||
<div style="position:absolute; left:57.6%; width:2.33em; top:58%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;"> | |||
ɜ • ɞ</div> | |||
<div style="position:absolute; left:84.5%; width:2.33em; top:58%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;"> | |||
ʌ • ɔ</div> | |||
<!-- NEAR-OPEN VOWELS --> | |||
<div style="position:absolute; left:38%; width:1.66em; top:73%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;"> | |||
æ •</div> | |||
<div style="position:absolute; left:64.2%; width:1em; top:73%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;"> | |||
ɐ</div> | |||
<!-- OPEN VOWELS --> | |||
<div style="position:absolute; left:43%; width:2.66em; top:86%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;"> | |||
a • ɶ</div> | |||
<div style="position:absolute; left:66.9%; width:1em; top:86%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;"> | |||
ä</div> | |||
<div style="position:absolute; left:83.8%; width:2.66em; top:86%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;"> | |||
ɑ • ɒ</div> | |||
|} | |||
</div></div> | |||
|- | |||
| style="height:30px; font-size:smaller; text-align:right;" | '''Near‑close''' | |||
|- | |||
| style="height:30px; font-size:smaller; text-align:right;" | '''Close‑mid''' | |||
|- | |||
| style="height:30px; font-size:smaller; text-align:right;" | '''Mid''' | |||
|- | |||
| style="height:30px; font-size:smaller; text-align:right;" | '''Open‑mid''' | |||
|- | |||
| style="height:30px; font-size:smaller; text-align:right;" | '''Near‑open''' | |||
|- | |||
| style="height:30px; font-size:smaller; text-align:right;" | '''Open''' | |||
|} | |||
[[Category:Guides]] | |||