Brooding: Difference between revisions

Let’s look at the word for ‘tree’: ''[[Contionary:geeth|geeth]]''

* The basic noun is singular: ''[[Contionary:geeth|geeth]]''

* To make it plural, you take the last vowel in the word and add it to the end of the word: ''[[Contionary:geethee|geethee]]''

* To make it a mass noun, you remove the last consonant: ''[[Contionary:gee|gee]]''

* ''[[Contionary:raap|raap]]'' - a war

* ''[[Contionary:raapaa|raapaa]]'' - wars

* ''[[Contionary:raa|raa]]'' - a series of wars, warfare in general

* ''[[Contionary:chendim|chendim]]'' - a shoulder (part of the body)

* ''[[Contionary:chendimi|chendimi]]'' - shoulders

* ''[[Contionary:chendi|chendi]]'' - a group of shoulders (probably used to refer to both shoulders at once as in ‘you have a good head on your shoulders’)

The subject of the sentence works just like above. If the tree is doing something, it is said as ''[[Contionary:geeth|geeth]]''. If it is more than one tree, it is ''[[Contionary:geethee|geethee]]'' and if it is a group of trees, it is ''[[Contionary:gee|gee]]''.

For example, if something is being done to a tree, take the word as above ''[[Contionary:geeth|geeth]]''. Next, you take the last vowel and find its contrasting vowel: ''i''. Then add it to the front: ''[[Contionary:igeeth|igeeth]]''. It works the same for plural ''[[Contionary:igeethee|igeethee]]'' and mass ''[[Contionary:igee|igee]]''.

|-

| '''noun''' || demonstrative || adjectives || possessor || prepositional-phrases || relative-clauses

Sometimes you want to say something belongs to something else. You turn a noun into a possessive noun to do so. If we have someone named ''[[Contionary:klaid|Klaid]]'' (Clyde in English), we make it a possessive by inserting an ‹l› after the last vowel. ''[[Contionary:klaid|Klaid]]'' becomes ''[[Contionary:klaild|Klaild]]''. So ‘Cylde’s tree’ is translated as ''[[Contionary:geeth|geeth]] [[Contionary:klaild|Klaild]]''.

If the noun you want to turn into a possessive has a final consonant of ‹l› or ‹r›, you'll have to add ‹-li-› for all forms that end in ‹l›, and for the singular form that ends in ‹r›. E.g. ''[[Contionary:nool|nool]]'' ‘world’ → ''[[Contionary:noolil|noolil]]'' ‘world’s’, ''[[Contionary:dar|dar]]'' ‘crowd’ → ''[[Contionary:dalir|dalir]]'' ‘crowd’s’.

There are two relativizers: ''[[Contionary:ai|ai]]'' and ''[[Contionary:au|au]]''. Which you use depends on how the head fits into the relative clause. If the head noun is the subject of the relative clause, ''[[Contionary:ai|ai]]'' is used. If it is the object, then ''[[Contionary:au|au]]'' is used.

So let’s take the above example. If I say “The tree that burns down,” the head is “tree,” and the relative clause is “that burns down,” that you can look at as “The tree (it burns down).” In that clause, the tree is the subject (it is what is burning). So it’s the subject of the relative clause. When you write the clause, you use the relativizer ''[[contionary:ai|ai]]'':

| ''[[Contionary:geeth|Geeth]]'' || '''''[[Contionary:ai|ai]]''''' || ''[[Contionary:aekhlaat|aekhlaat]]''

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| tree || REL/SUBJ || burns

|-

|-

If I say “The tree that I burn,” the head is the same (tree), but the tree is now the object, the thing being burned. In this case, the relativizer is ''[[contionary:au|au]]'' instead of ''[[contionary:ai|ai]]'':

| ''[[Contionary:geeth|Geeth]]'' || '''''[[Contionary:au|au]]''''' || ''[[Contionary:ootawnaekhlaat|ootawnaekhlaat]]'' || ''[[Contionary:leed|leed]]''

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| tree || REL/OBJ || cause-burn || I

|-

|-

(Note: There is a subject in the relative clause - ''[[contionary:leed|leed]]'' ‘I’ - since “I” am doing the burning. It appears after the verb because the verb is always second. Also, the verb is slightly different. ''[[contionary:aekhlaat|aekhlaat]]'' means something is burning. I am making it burn, so the verb is literally “to cause-to-burn.” For more on that construction, see the section on [[Brooding#Causation|Verbal Causation]]).

| ''[[Contionary:leed|leed]]'' || ''[[Contionary:agen|agen]]'' || ''[[Contionary:geeth|igeeth]]'' || '''''[[Contionary:ai|ai]]''''' || ''[[Contionary:aekhlaat|aekhlaat]]''

|-

| I || see || tree-OBJ || REL/SUBJ || burn

|-

|-

The tree is an object of the sentence, but is the subject of the clause (it is what I see, but it is what is burning). So ''[[Contionary:ai|ai]]'' is the appropriate relativizer, not ''[[Contionary:au|au]]''.

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| [[Contionary:ti|''ti'']] || this || (right here, in my hand)

|-

| [[Contionary:de|''de'']] || this, the || (here)

|-

| [[Contionary:ga|''ga'']] || that, the || (there)

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| [[Contionary:klau|''klau'']] || that || (distant)

| [[Contionary:leed|''leed'']] || [[Contionary:okhair|''okhair'']] || [[Contionary:indpeg|''indpeg'']] || [[Contionary:leeld|''leeld'']] || [[Contionary:oofruh|''oofruh'']] || [[Contionary:fosh|''fosh'']]

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| I || want || hit-action || I-POSS || of || him/her

|-

|-

'''Initiation''': prefix ''[[Contionary:aw-|aw-]]''

* ''[[Contionary:awfoos|awfoos]]'' - to become a cow

'''Causation''': compound with ''[[Contionary:ootawn|ootawn]]-''

* ''[[Contionary:ootawnfoos|ootawnfoos]]'' - to turn into a cow, to cow-ify

'''Verbing''': compound with ''[[Contionary:osen|osen]]-''

To ‘verb’ a noun, that is to make a verb that means to use the noun or engage with the noun in a typical way (e.g. ‘google’ as a verb), compound the noun with the verb ''[[Contionary:osen|osen]]''.

* ''[[Contionary:osenraap|osenraap]]'' – to war, to make war (literally ‘do-war’).

'''Similarity''': suffix ''[[Contionary:-ee|-ee]]''

To have an adjective that means having the quality of the noun, suffix ''[[Contionary:-ee|ee]]'' to the end.

* ''[[Contionary:foosee|foosee]]'' - cow-like, cow-ish, cow-y

'''Association''': suffix ''[[Contionary:-ingee|-ingee]]''

To have an adjective that means pertaining to the noun, suffix ''[[Contionary:-ingee|ingee]]'' to the end. This is actually creating a new noun by suffixing ''[[Contionary:-ing|ing]]'', then suffixing ''[[Contionary:-ee|ee]]'' to make it an adjective.

* ''[[Contionary:raapingee|raapingee]]'' - martial

'''Lacking''': suffix ''[[Contionary:-yuh|-yuh]]''

For an adjective that means lacking the noun, suffix ''[[Contionary:-yuh|yuh]]''.

* ''[[Contionary:daroonyuh|daroonyuh]]'' - nameless