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Lakovic languages: Difference between revisions
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| '''ś''' /ʂ/ | | '''ś''' /ʂ/ | ||
| '''š''' /ʃ/ | | '''š''' /ʃ/ | ||
| colspan="2" | '''X''' | | colspan="2" | '''X''' | ||
| '''H''' | | '''H''' | ||
|-align=center | |-align=center | ||
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The CVCC grade had some reflexes with either the first C assimilating into V or the second C (explain some words like muad, yar or -b, -d finals) | The CVCC grade had some reflexes with either the first C assimilating into V or the second C (explain some words like muad, yar or -b, -d finals) | ||
====Weak roots==== | ====Weak roots==== | ||
''Weak roots'' such as *yriš 'to hear' and *sap' 'to pull' have irregularities in their allomorphs, like weak roots in Semitic. The weak consonants are y, w, H, and | ''Weak roots'' such as *yriš 'to hear' and *sap' 'to pull' have irregularities in their allomorphs, like weak roots in Semitic. The weak consonants are y, w, H, and Q. | ||
With week roots, either the verbal stem (e.g. ''yriš'' > ''riš'') or the nominal stem (''sap''' > ''sap'' 'to pull, to drag') or both are shortened, and either drops or assimilates the weak consonant. | |||
===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||
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*''*śen'' = thou (m) | *''*śen'' = thou (m) | ||
*''*śens'' = thou (f) | *''*śens'' = thou (f) | ||
*''* | *''*Qin'' = he | ||
*''* | *''*Qins'' = she | ||
PLak had no plural pronouns; it made do with associative plurals or demonstratives instead. | PLak had no plural pronouns; it made do with associative plurals or demonstratives instead. | ||
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*{{angbr|-s}}: feminine | *{{angbr|-s}}: feminine | ||
**Source of breathy voice ablaut in Wdm. | **Source of breathy voice ablaut in Wdm. | ||
*{{angbr| | *{{angbr|r}} prefix or infix: non-volitional or passive verbs | ||
**Ashanic *{{angbr|àr}}, Wdm. {{angbr|ră}}, {{angbr|năr/măr}} | **Ashanic *{{angbr|àr}}, Wdm. {{angbr|ră}}, {{angbr|năr/măr}} | ||
*{{angbr|ay}} = deverbal noun | *{{angbr|ay}} = deverbal noun | ||
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**Wdm. ''th-'' (not productive) | **Wdm. ''th-'' (not productive) | ||
*lä- = denominal verbs | *lä- = denominal verbs | ||
* | *Qu- = intensive | ||
**Wdm. ''th-u-'' | **Wdm. ''th-u-'' | ||
*ya- = adjectivizer; from ''ya'' | *ya- = adjectivizer; from ''ya'' | ||
'with' | 'with' | ||
**Wdm. ''yă-'', Tseezh ''xi-'', Häskä ''yə-'' | **Wdm. ''yă-'', Tseezh ''xi-'', Häskä ''yə-'' | ||
*{{angbr| | *{{angbr|Q}} = negative; the opposite or undoing of X | ||
**not productive in Wdm | **not productive in Wdm | ||