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Valthungian: Difference between revisions
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→Forming the Passive
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! Agent:<br />Unintentional / Inanimate | ! Agent:<br />Unintentional / Inanimate | ||
|| ''þiǧin'' ‘to receive’<br />''lenǧin'' ‘to cause to succeed’<br /> | || ''þiǧin'' ‘to receive’<br />''lenǧin'' ‘to cause to succeed’<br /> | ||
|| ''skīčin'' ‘to cause to happen’<br />''skeǧin'' ‘to cause to happen’<br />'' | || ''skīčin'' ‘to cause to happen’<br />''skeǧin'' ‘to cause to happen’<br />''verðan'' ‘to become’ | ||
|} | |} | ||
'''Agent/Patient Deliberate''': This tends to refer to things that happen as a result of mutual agreement | '''Agent/Patient Deliberate''': This tends to refer to things that happen as a result of mutual agreement | ||
*''Ik '''gatiða''' forðat | *''Ik '''gatiða''' forðat vork '''fergilðiþs'''.'' | ||
**‘I '''was paid''' for the work.’ | **‘I '''was paid''' for the work.’ | ||
*Þǣ ankýmbiðas '''langiðun''' þis borðaþjugis '''ganōguða'''. | *Þǣ ankýmbiðas '''langiðun''' þis borðaþjugis '''ganōguða'''. | ||
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'''Agent Deliberate / Patient Unintentional''': These auxiliaries are used mainly when the agent is a person and the patient is either an object or a person who is unaware of the agent’s intention or an unwilling participant in the action. | '''Agent Deliberate / Patient Unintentional''': These auxiliaries are used mainly when the agent is a person and the patient is either an object or a person who is unaware of the agent’s intention or an unwilling participant in the action. | ||
*''Ik '''gat''' þis | *''Ik '''gat''' þis veris '''slaguns'''.'' | ||
**‘I '''was hit''' by the man.’ | **‘I '''was hit''' by the man.’ | ||
*''Sā | *''Sā vagnas '''þagiða''' þiža mœuǧis '''fariþs'''.'' | ||
**‘The car '''was driven''' by the girl.’ | **‘The car '''was driven''' by the girl.’ | ||