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Weyon a moderately inflected language with high levels of nominal and verbal inflection. Most of the fused morphemes are retained in the Northern Weyon dialects, especially in regard to verb conjugation, whereas South Weyon in comparison has moved towards more analytical word structures (mostly in nouns, as verbs tend to preserve better in the Mountains languages).
Weyon a moderately inflected language with high levels of nominal and verbal inflection. Most of the fused morphemes are retained in the Northern Weyon dialects, especially in regard to verb conjugation, whereas South Weyon in comparison has moved towards more analytical word structures (mostly in nouns, as verbs tend to preserve better in the Mountains languages).
===Nouns===
===Nouns===
Like in other Settameric languages, there are two noun classes: animate and inanimate. Verbs must agree in animacy with all its arguments. All nouns, are declined for case, number and obviation. Animate nouns are declined in thirteen grammatical cases, while most inanimate nouns have ten or even less cases, depending on a particular noun. The noun cases are represented in the table below:
Like in other Settameric languages, there are two noun classes: animate and inanimate. Verbs must agree in animacy with all its arguments. All nouns, are declined for case and number. Animate nouns are declined in thirteen grammatical cases, while most inanimate nouns have ten or even less cases, depending on a particular noun. The noun cases are represented in the table below:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
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| [[w:Genitive case|genitive]] || áakkaš || aakkáwaš || aakkáhaš
| [[w:Genitive case|genitive]] || áakkaš || aakkáwaš || aakkáhaš
|-
|-
| [[w:Dative case|dative]] || óokkur || óokkuor ||  óokkurur
| [[w:Dative case|dative]] || óokkur || óokkoor ||  óokkurur
|-
|-
| [[w:Inessive case|inessive]] || óokku || óokkuo ||  óokkut
| [[w:Inessive case|inessive]] || óokku || óokkuo ||  óokkut
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| [[w:Illative case|illative]] || áakkaš || áakkawaš ||  áakkataš
| [[w:Illative case|illative]] || áakkaš || áakkawaš ||  áakkataš
|-
|-
| [[w:Adessive case|adessive]] || áakkoo || áakkuo ||  áakkoot
| [[w:Adessive case|adessive]] || áakke || áakkewe ||  áakkete
|-
|-
| [[w:Ablative case|ablative]] || áakkei || áakkewi ||  áakketi
| [[w:Ablative case|ablative]] || áakkei || áakkewi ||  áakketi
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| [[w:Comitative case|comitative]] || éakkii || éakkewii || éakketii
| [[w:Comitative case|comitative]] || éakkii || éakkewii || éakketii
|}
|}
When an object is possessed by the first or the second person, it is marked by a possessive marker. All possessive prefixes are represented in the table below:
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan=4 |Possessive prefixes
|-
|
! singular
! dual
! plural
|-
! 1<sup>st</sup>
| ''ke-''
| ''ku-''
| ''kil-''
|-
! 2<sup>nd</sup>
| ''te-''
| ''tu-''
| ''til-''
|-
|}
===Verbs===
Weyon verbs mark information not only on the subject (their animacy, person, and plurality) but also on the object. There are several different classes of verbs in the language, which differ based on whether they are transitive or intransitive, impersonal or mediopassive. Verbs mark aspects with root modifications, but there are also many prefixes, that convey a great amount of additional information about an action. For example, the verb ''eara'', "to be," along with the prefix ''am-'', which means "in such a way," makes the verb ''ameara'', "to be a certain way." Many of those prefixes are used with verbs of motion such as ''wia'' "to go" (as in ''ewia'' "to go up, to ascend"). Occasionally, a prefix can change the meaning of the verb entirely, for example ''hoámeka'' means "to introduce" and comes from the verb ''eka'' "to carry".
====Intransitive verbs====
Below are all person markers for the subject of intransitive verbs:
{| class="wikitable"
!
! colspan=3 |Person marker
|-
| singular
| plural
| singular
| dual
| plural
| singular
| dual
| plural
|-
! 1<sup>st</sup>
| ''-kan''
| ''-šši''
| ''-mi''
|-
! 2<sup>nd</sup>
| ''-ko''
| ''-ši''
| ''-kki''
|-
! 3<sup>rd</sup> an.
| ''-ket''
| ''-šot''
| ''-hiit''
|-
|}
Only an animate noun can be the subject of a particular verb. If a sentence does not contain any animate nouns, an impersonal verb will be used instead. When used with the prefix ''ši-'' a verb gains a detransitive meaning, for example: ''šönyekkan'' (''ši-o-nyen-kan'') "I see" from ''nyena'' "to see".
====Transitive verbs====
Weyon, like other Mountains languages, exhibits a [[w:Direct–inverse alignment|direct–inverse alignment]], in which transitive verbs are marked for whether or not the direction of the action follows a "topicality hierarchy" of the language. The hierarchy is: 1 > 2 > 3An.> 3Inan. which means one prefix determines the direction of the action. In order to change to direction of an action an inverse suffix is used. Below are all person markers for transitive verbs:
{|
|
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! <small>AGENT</small>
! <small>DIRECTION</small>
! <small>PATIENT</small>
! Prefix
|-
| 1st person
| →
| 2nd person
| m(e)-
|-
| 1st person
| →
| 3rd person
| n(e)-
|-
| 2nd person
| →
| 3rd person
| k(e)-
|-
| 3rd person animate
| →
| 3rd person animate
| hu-
|-
| 3rd person animate
| →
| 3rd person inanimate
| ru-
|-
|}
|
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan=3| Indirect object
|-
! singular
! dual
! plural
|-
| θi-
| θir-
| θit-
|-
| θa-
| θar-
| θat-
|-
| ha-
| har-
| hat-
|-
|}
|}
When inverse marker ''-o-'' is used, the direction changes to 3An.>2>1 (an inanimate noun can not be a subject), for example: ''menyen'' means "I see you", but with the inverse marker ''menyeno'' the meaning changes to "you see me". This is different from the passive construction: "I am seen (by you)" is ''θakyeni'' (''θa-k-nyen-i'').
The number of both the direct object and the subject is marked by a suffix, attached after the verb stem.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Number
! Direct object
! Subject
|-
! singular
| colspan=2| –
|-
! dual
| -ro
| -šo
|-
! plural
| -ri (An.)/ -ni (In.)
| -it
|-
|}
====Mediopassive verbs====
As a middle voice, it can be thought of as passivizing an action without using passive voice syntax. These verbs often have a [[w:Reflexive verb|refilexive]] meaning. This usage of reflexivity is paralleled in English with sentence pairs such as "he sat down" and "he sat himself down." Reciprocal and [[w:Autocausative verb|autocausative]] verbs also belong to this category. These verbs use the prefix ''ni-'' and prefixal subject markers:
The number of both the direct object and the subject is marked by a suffix, attached after the verb stem.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Number
! Singular
! Dual
! Plural
|-
! 1st person
| ku-
| ku-_-šo
| ku-_-it
|-
! 2nd person
| θa-
| θa-_-šo
| θa-_-it
|-
! 3rd person
| –
| -šo
| -it
|-
|}
Impersonal and anticausative verbs are quite similar to this class, but usually apply to inanimate nouns. They use a different marker - ''ši-'' instead of ''ni-'', that marks middle verbs.


[[Category:Languages]] [[Category:Settameric languages]]
[[Category:Languages]] [[Category:Settameric languages]]
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