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'''Ljopva''' /ɭɔⱱɐ/ is an ''a priori'' language spoken in the fantasy world Akekata. The speakers of Ljopva reside on the Twin Islands, which have been blamed by central spellcasters and major religions for allowing the practice of "evil" forms of sorcery. The language can be described as isolative-fusional, head-final, having | '''Ljopva''' or Ḷoṗa /ɭɔⱱɐ/ is an ''a priori'' language spoken in the fantasy world Akekata. The speakers of Ljopva reside on the Twin Islands, which have been blamed by central spellcasters and major religions for allowing the practice of "evil" forms of sorcery. The language can be described as isolative-fusional, head-final, topic-prominent, split-S and having a free word order with AOV being the most frequent. | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
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! Bilabial | ! Bilabial | ||
! Labio-dental | ! Labio-dental | ||
! Alveolar | ! Alveolar | ||
! Retroflex | ! Retroflex | ||
! Palatal | ! Palatal | ||
! Velar | ! Velar | ||
! Uvular | ! Uvular | ||
! Glottal | ! Glottal | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| ɱ | | ɱ | ||
| | | | ||
| | | ɳ | ||
| | | ɲ | ||
| | | ŋ | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Plosive | ! Plosive | ||
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| p̪ | | p̪ | ||
| | | | ||
| ʈ | |||
| c | |||
| k | |||
| | | | ||
| | | ʔ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Fricative | ! Fricative | ||
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| v | | v | ||
| | | | ||
| ʂ | | ʂ | ||
| | | ç | ||
| x | |||
| | | | ||
| | | h | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Approximant | ! Approximant | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | |j | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Trill | ! Trill | ||
| | | ʙ | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
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| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
!Flap or tap | !Flap or tap | ||
| | | | ||
| ⱱ | | ⱱ | ||
| | | | ||
| ɽ | | ɽ | ||
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| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Lateral fricative | ! Lateral fricative | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| ɬ | | ɬ | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
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| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Lateral approximant | ! Lateral approximant | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| l | | l | ||
| ɭ | | ɭ | ||
| | | | ||
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| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|} | |} | ||
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| ɐ | | ɐ | ||
| | | | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Phonotactics== | |||
Syllables require onset | |||
==Suprasegmentals== | |||
===Stress=== | ===Stress=== | ||
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===Romanization=== | ===Romanization=== | ||
==Morphophonology== | ==Morphophonology== | ||
processes when combining | |||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
===Pronoun=== | |||
===Noun=== | |||
====Class=== | |||
concept, coreful, coreless | |||
coreful inanimates loan words from spellang | |||
====Particles==== | |||
*agentive for agents of transitive verbs and volitional subjects of intransitive verbs | |||
* possessive | |||
===Adjective=== | |||
===Verb=== | |||
====Tense==== | |||
====Aspect==== | |||
====Mood==== | |||
potentials: physical vs. magical | |||
evidentials: visual, sensory, hearsay, foretelling | |||
===Topic=== | |||
====Presentation==== | |||
====Referring==== | |||
once a topic has been presented, it is the one being referred to and the topic of relative clauses | |||
==Syntax== | |||
===Word order=== | |||
*PV or AV in intransitive | |||
*APV in transitive | |||
*AP<sub>1</sub>VP<sub>2</sub> or AP<sub>1</sub>P<sub>2</sub>V in ditransitive (where P<sub>1</sub> is the theme and P<sub>2</sub> is the recipient) |
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