Verse:Mwail/Old Gloob: Difference between revisions

Themsaran is my first constructed language, for my conworld of Hheergrem. The grammar and syntax emits an overpowering odor of Semitic/Celtic languages. The nonconcatenative (tonal) inflection... yeah, I reckon that's Semitic too. Aesthetically it has hints of [[w:Baltic languages|Baltic]], [[w:Germanic languages|Germanic]], [[w:Celtic languages|Celtic]], [[w:Semitic languages|Semitic]], [[w:Khmer language|Khmer]] and [[w:Gyeongsang dialect|Gyeongsang Korean]]. The main departure from Semitic grammar is that the language has been augmented with new features such as strict head-marking inflection utilizing two types of switch-reference on verbs, the applicative voice and borderline polysynthesis. So I guess it ends up a tad more like some Native American languages. Other purposes of my language include mixing in un-English verb syntax, such as the use of optatives  in subordinate clauses, and using principally non-finite subordinate clauses in the indicative.

*Past perfective

======Past perfective======

The past perfective, preterite, or aorist is for events that were completed at some point in time in the past.

!colspan="3" | '''Past imperfective'''

'''''hé'''mol'''êi'''<br/>

'''''he'''nes'''âi'''<br/>

'''''he'''takv'''îe'''

'''''hé'''mól'''mi'''<br/>

'''''he'''nes'''ámi'''<br/>

'''''he'''takv'''émi'''

'''''hé'''mól'''tā'''<br/>

'''''he'''nes'''átā'''<br/>

'''''he'''takv'''étā'''

'''''hé'''molé'''r'''<br/>

'''''he'''nes'''ár'''<br/>

'''''he'''takv'''êr'''

'''''hé'''mol'''slé'''<br/>

'''''he'''nes'''aslé'''<br/>

'''''he'''takv'''ēslé'''

'''''hé'''mol'''é'''<br/>

'''''he'''nes'''â'''<br/>

'''''he'''takv'''ê'''

'''''hé'''mol'''sré'''<br/>

'''''he'''nes'''asré'''<br/>

'''''he'''takv'''ēsré'''

'''''hé'''móle'''n'''<br/>

'''''he'''nes'''án'''<br/>

'''''he'''takv'''ên'''

<!--pl sync w/ 2fs-->

'''''hé'''mól'''ni'''<br/>

'''''he'''nes'''áni'''<br/>

'''''he'''takv'''éni'''

'''''hé'''mol'''stí'''<br/>

'''''he'''nes'''astí'''<br/>

'''''he'''takv'''ēstí'''

 

!colspan="3" | '''Past perfective'''

''mólé'''n'''<br/>

''nes'''án'''<br/>

''takv'''îen'''

''mól'''àm'''<br/>

''nés'''ȁm'''<br/>

''takv'''éjam'''

''mól'''tȁ'''<br/>

''nes'''átā'''<br/>

''takv'''étā'''

''mólé'''r'''<br/>

''nes'''ár'''<br/>

''takv'''îer'''

''mól'''slé'''<br/>

''nes'''aslé'''<br/>

''takv'''ēslé'''

''mól'''é'''<br/>

''nes'''â'''<br/>

''takv'''ê'''

''mól'''sré'''<br/>

''nes'''asré'''<br/>

''takv'''ēsré'''

''mól'''és'''<br/>

''nes'''ás'''<br/>

''takv'''ês'''

<!--pl sync w/ 2fp-->

''mól'''sàr'''<br/>

''nés'''ásar'''<br/>

''takv'''êsar'''

''mól'''stí'''<br/>

''nes'''astí'''<br/>

''takv'''ēstí'''

!colspan="3" |'''Future imperfective'''

'''''ká'''mól'''in'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''nés'''jan'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''tákv'''jēn'''''

'''''ká'''mól'''am'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''nés'''ām'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''tákv'''iem'''''

'''''ká'''mól'''it'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''nés'''ait'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''tákv'''iet'''''

'''''ká'''mól'''ir'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''nés'''jar'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''tákv'''jēr'''''

'''''ká'''mól'''elai'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''nés'''alai'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''takv'''élai'''''

'''''ká'''mól'''ī'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''nés'''ā'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''tákv'''ie'''''

'''''ká'''mól'''erai'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''nés'''arai'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''takv'''érai'''''

'''''ká'''mól'''i'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''nés'''ja'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''tákv'''je'''''

'''''ká'''mól'''vi'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''nés'''avi'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''takv'''évi'''''

'''''ká'''mól'''is'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''nés'''ais'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''tákv'''ies'''''

'''''ká'''mól'''ti'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''nés'''ati'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''takv'''éti'''''

!colspan="3" | '''Future perfective'''

''mól'''chì'''''<br/>

''nés'''àchì'''''<br/>

''takv'''échì'''''

''mól'''chỳm'''''<br/>

''nés'''achym'''''<br/>

''takv'''êchym'''''

''mól'''enai'''''<br/>

''nés'''anai'''''<br/>

''takv'''énai'''''

''mól'''chèr'''''<br/>

''nes'''ácher'''''<br/>

''takv'''écher'''''

 

''mól'''elai'''''<br/>

''nés'''alai'''''<br/>

''takv'''élai'''''

''mól'''chȅ'''''<br/>

''nes'''áchē'''''<br/>

''takv'''échē'''''

''mól'''erai'''''<br/>

''nés'''arai'''''<br/>

''takv'''érai'''''

''mól'''chè'''''<br/>

''nés'''àche'''''<br/>

''takv'''éche'''''

''mól'''chȅr'''''<br/>

''nes'''áchēr'''''<br/>

''takv'''échēr'''''

''mól'''chàs'''''<br/>

''nés'''àchas'''''<br/>

''takv'''échas'''''

''mól'''chȅt'''''<br/>

''nes'''áchēt'''''<br/>

''takv'''échēt'''''

!colspan="3" |'''Past imperfective'''

'''''hé'''mól'''īv'''''

<br/>'''''he'''nés'''aiv'''''

<br/>'''''he'''tákv'''eiv'''''

'''''hé'''mol'''dâm'''''

<br/>'''''he'''nes'''adâm'''''

<br/>'''''he'''takv'''ēdâm'''''

'''''hé'''mól'''niv'''''

<br/>'''''he'''nes'''ániv'''''

<br/>'''''he'''takv'''éniv'''''

'''''hé'''mól'''vem'''''<br/>

'''''he'''nés'''avem'''''<br/>

'''''he'''takv'''évem'''''

'''''hé'''mól'''liv'''''

<br/>'''''he'''nes'''áliv'''''

<br/>'''''he'''takv'''éliv'''''

|

'''''hé'''mól'''riv'''''

<br/>'''''he'''nes'''áriv'''''

<br/>'''''he'''takv'''ériv'''''

'''''hé'''mól'''ev'''''<br/>

'''''he'''nés'''av'''''<br/>

<br/>'''he'''''nes'''ávini'''''

<br/>'''he'''''takv'''évini'''''

|-

'''''hé'''mól'''ver'''''

<br/>'''''he'''nés'''aver'''''

<br/>'''''he'''takv'''éver'''''

'''''hé'''mól'''viti'''''

<br/>'''he'''''nes'''áviti'''''

<br/>'''he'''''takv'''éviti'''''

!colspan="3" |'''Past perfective'''

''mól'''dév'''''

<br/>''nes'''adév'''''

<br/>''takv'''ēdév'''''

''mól'''dâm'''''

<br/>''nes'''adâm'''''

<br/>''takv'''ēdâm'''''

''mól'''ût'''''

<br/>''nes'''âut'''''

<br/>''takv'''ût'''''

''mól'''dém'''''

<br/>''nes'''adém'''''

<br/>''takv'''ēdém'''''

''mól'''vaslé'''''

<br/>''nes'''avaslé'''''

<br/>''takv'''evaslé'''''

|rowspan="2"|

''mól'''vasré'''''

<br/>''nes'''avasré'''''

<br/>''takv'''evasré'''''

''mól'''vas'''''

<br/>''nes'''ávas'''''

<br/>''takv'''évas'''''

''mól'''vasar'''''

<br/>''nes'''ávasar'''''

<br/>''takv'''évasar'''''

''mól'''vastí'''''

<br/>''nes'''avastí'''''

<br/>''takv'''evastí'''''

!colspan="3" |'''Future imperfective'''

'''''ká'''mól'''īv'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''nés'''aiv'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''tákv'''eiv'''''

'''''ká'''mol'''íŋchys'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''nes'''áŋchys'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''takv'''îeŋchys'''''

'''''ká'''mól'''niv'''''

<br/>'''''ka'''nes'''ániv'''''

<br/>'''''ka'''takv'''éniv'''''

'''''ká'''móle'''rem'''''

<br/>'''''ka'''nés'''arem'''''

<br/>'''''ka'''takv'''êrem'''''

'''''ká'''mól'''liv'''''

<br/>'''''ka'''nes'''áliv'''''

<br/>'''''ka'''takv'''éliv'''''

'''''ká'''mól'''riv'''''

<br/>'''''ka'''nes'''áriv'''''

<br/>'''''ka'''takv'''ériv'''''

'''''ká'''mol'''ísū'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''nes'''âisū'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''tákv'''îesū'''''

'''''ká'''mol'''ískū'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''nés'''âiskū'''''<br/>

'''''ka'''tákv'''îeskū'''''

!colspan="3" |'''Future perfective'''

''mól'''ínīv'''''

<br/>''nes'''ainīv'''''

<br/>''takv'''ienīv'''''

''mól'''íŋchys'''''

<br/>''nes'''áŋchys'''''

<br/>''takv'''îeŋchys'''''

''mól'''ínith'''''

<br/>''nes'''âinith'''''

<br/>''takv'''îenith'''''

''mól'''ínēm'''''

<br/>''nes'''âinēm'''''

<br/>''takv'''îenēm'''''

''mól'''ílith'''''

<br/>''nes'''âilith'''''

<br/>''takv'''îelith'''''

''mól'''írith'''''

<br/>''nes'''âirith'''''

<br/>''takv'''îerith'''''

''mól'''ísū'''

<br/>''nes'''ǎisū'''

<br/>''takv'''ǐesū'''

''mól'''ískū'''

<br/>''nes'''ǎiskū'''

<br/>''takv'''ǐeskū'''