Naeng: Difference between revisions
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|creator = [[User:IlL|IlL]], [[User:Praimhín|Praimhín]] | |creator = [[User:IlL|IlL]], [[User:Praimhín|Praimhín]] | ||
|name = Modern Windermere | |name = Modern Windermere | ||
|nativename = չէıɱ Ғ·ɟ˫ƍ<br/>brits | |nativename = չէıɱ Ғ·ɟ˫ƍ<br/>brits Dəmeə | ||
|pronunciation= | |pronunciation= | ||
|setting = [[Verse:Tricin]] | |setting = [[Verse:Tricin]] | ||
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Accents in Windermere | Accents in Windermere | ||
*Fincreaș | *Fincreaș | ||
*Rural | *Rural Fincreəsj | ||
*Standard Mategian | *Standard Mategian | ||
*Standard Wen | *Standard Wen Dəmeə | ||
*Other Wen | *Other Wen Dəmeə accents | ||
** | **Sətmasj | ||
** | **Chəloə | ||
** | **Prucüəw | ||
Some accent should have th = Basque z, s = Basque s | Some accent should have th = Basque z, s = Basque s | ||
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| | | | ||
| '''s''' /s/ | | '''s''' /s/ | ||
| ''' | | '''σ''' /ɬ/ | ||
| ''' | | '''sj''' /ʃ/ | ||
| | | | ||
| '''h''' /h/ | | '''h''' /h/ | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Near-close | ! style="" |Near-close | ||
| ''' | | '''iə''' /iə/ | ||
| ''' | | '''üə''' /yə/ | ||
| | | | ||
| ''' | | '''uə''' /uə/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Close-mid | ! style="" |Close-mid | ||
| '''e, ä''' /e/ | | '''e, ä''' /e/ | ||
| | | | ||
| ''' | | '''ə''' /ə/ | ||
| '''o''' /o/ | | '''o''' /o/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Open-mid | ! style="" |Open-mid | ||
| ''' | | '''eə''' /ɛ~eə/ | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| ''' | | '''oə''' /ɔ~oə/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Open | ! style="" |Open | ||
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==Parts of speech== | ==Parts of speech== | ||
===Pronouns=== | ===Pronouns=== | ||
'' | ''Σənam'' (capitalized) is used as a very respectful 2nd person pronoun. | ||
===Verbs=== | ===Verbs=== | ||
Verbs are not conjugated, but are used with auxiliaries. | Verbs are not conjugated, but are used with auxiliaries. | ||
===Adjectives=== | ===Adjectives=== | ||
The comparative is formed with ''rech'' + adjective and the superlative is formed with '' | The comparative is formed with ''rech'' + adjective and the superlative is formed with ''hə'et'' + adjective. | ||
*''to'' = good | *''to'' = good | ||
*''rech to'' = better | *''rech to'' = better | ||
*'' | *''hə'et to'' = best | ||
===Pre-verbal particles=== | ===Pre-verbal particles=== | ||
*''chmi'' = progressive | *''chmi'' = progressive | ||
*'' | *''cheə'' = past | ||
*''per'' = future | *''per'' = future | ||
*''tso'' = past progressive | *''tso'' = past progressive | ||
*''fa'' = perfect | *''fa'' = perfect | ||
*'' | *''cheə fa'' = past perfect etc. | ||
*future progressive? analytic constructions for other aspects like inchoative/inceptive, frequentative, telic ...? | *future progressive? analytic constructions for other aspects like inchoative/inceptive, frequentative, telic ...? | ||
===Other particles=== | ===Other particles=== | ||
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SVO; VSO in subordinate clauses with the subject marked with e-; but subordinate clauses are SVO when marked with the complementizer ''nga'' | SVO; VSO in subordinate clauses with the subject marked with e-; but subordinate clauses are SVO when marked with the complementizer ''nga'' | ||
:''''' | :'''''Riə chmi brits cədes cə'üs tes tsəctsoc.''''' | ||
:1SG PROG speak about-SPEC love and-SPEC hate | :1SG PROG speak about-SPEC love and-SPEC hate | ||
:''I speak of love and hate.'' | :''I speak of love and hate.'' | ||
:'''''Fi | :'''''Fi rüəch chmi tsrin se troəs.''''' | ||
:DEF bird PROG eat SPEC seed | :DEF bird PROG eat SPEC seed | ||
:''The bird is eating a seed.'' | :''The bird is eating a seed.'' | ||
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in Bjeheondian Windermere: | in Bjeheondian Windermere: | ||
'''''Tsor croth fa | '''''Tsor croth fa əsjeəl pluəm te thür mis həltlas tes imσin. Ənam hac rəfongüə yas həlfəthin tes həlslith'a, te pdar thunoə e 'nam təse fidoən məceəf nətha mis sjəgor chasräf.''''' | ||
(''Mategian'') [ts̠or̥ kʰr̥oθ fä ʔɘˈʂeəl pʰluəm tʰe θyr mis̠ hɘlˈtʰläs̠ tʰes̠ ʔimˈɬin ‖ ʔɘnäm häk rɘvoˈŋyə jäs̠ hɘlfɘˈðin tʰes̠ hɘls̠liθˈʔa, tʰe pʰɘ̥d̥ar̥ θuˈnoə ʔe näm tʰɘ̥ˈs̠e fiˈd̥oən mɘˈkʰeəv nɘˈðä mis̠ ʂəˈɣor̥ xɘs̠ˈräf] | (''Mategian'') [ts̠or̥ kʰr̥oθ fä ʔɘˈʂeəl pʰluəm tʰe θyr mis̠ hɘlˈtʰläs̠ tʰes̠ ʔimˈɬin ‖ ʔɘnäm häk rɘvoˈŋyə jäs̠ hɘlfɘˈðin tʰes̠ hɘls̠liθˈʔa, tʰe pʰɘ̥d̥ar̥ θuˈnoə ʔe näm tʰɘ̥ˈs̠e fiˈd̥oən mɘˈkʰeəv nɘˈðä mis̠ ʂəˈɣor̥ xɘs̠ˈräf] | ||
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(''Wen Dămea'') [tso̞r kʰr̥o̞θ fä əˈʃeːɤˁ pʰχˁuəm tʰe̞ θyr mis hɤˁˈtʰχˁɑs tʰe̞s imˈɬin ‖ ənäm häk rəvo̞ˈŋyə jäʃ hɤˁfəˈðin tʰe̞s hɘlsʁˁiθˈʔa, tʰe̞ pʰtar θuˈnoə ʔe̞ näm tʰse̞ fiˈtoən məˈkʰeəv nəˈðä mis ʃko̞r xəsˈräv] | (''Wen Dămea'') [tso̞r kʰr̥o̞θ fä əˈʃeːɤˁ pʰχˁuəm tʰe̞ θyr mis hɤˁˈtʰχˁɑs tʰe̞s imˈɬin ‖ ənäm häk rəvo̞ˈŋyə jäʃ hɤˁfəˈðin tʰe̞s hɘlsʁˁiθˈʔa, tʰe̞ pʰtar θuˈnoə ʔe̞ näm tʰse̞ fiˈtoən məˈkʰeəv nəˈðä mis ʃko̞r xəsˈräv] | ||
=== | ===Imthuməytil=== | ||
This passage is from the '' | This passage is from the ''Imthuməytil Pəchac'', a retranslation of the Imthumăytil into Modern Windermere by Yăchef Klein. | ||
<poem>'''''Mi ngith | <poem>'''''Mi ngith doən dur e tach imchäth mis mogor litheəth. Pda Brəwiəd fa wiəts: "Meə ra σənam runse?"''''' | ||
'''''Sre mot chmi nung ef imchäth | '''''Sre mot chmi nung ef imchäth nətha, doən fa cə'aw: "Tathaf stiw! Ruay immognas tach runse, te imməlin thaf müəts, te imchustiw rəthaf..."''''' | ||
''''' | '''''Σop Pda Brəwiəd fa wiəts: "Əna, meə ra chmi, srüə hədeən e do croth hiboəth?"''''' | ||
''''' | '''''Əbay cə'aw e fid: "Op, bang ruəy tsor təy'uəg paleac, sach se fəbeəng imtəy'uəg nətha yaf croth məlem!"''''' | ||
Once, six children were in a round table. Master Brăwied asked them: "How many of you are here?" | Once, six children were in a round table. Master Brăwied asked them: "How many of you are here?" | ||