Brusing/Middle

Brusing (Brūsingiska taga) is an Oselo-Bruso-Thedic language that emphasizes the non-Germanic aspects of the subbranch. It is inspired by Sanskrit and Old English.

Brusing was a classical language in Lõis's Europe.

Todo

• tāla (f) = sequence, row; a musical term

a e i u ā ē ī ū ei eu ai au āi ēi āu ēu ->
a e i u ā ē ī ū ūi ē āe ōe āe ūi ōe ē
i want ū to become ȳ
u-umlaut:
o œ y u ō œ­̄ ȳ ū ū œ̄ ōe ūi ōe ū ūi œ̄
suHnus -> *sūnus -> sūn "son"

• h₂elut "beer" -> *aluð -> olu
  

that sounds like estonian õlu
CVCuC words get the u if the V is short

Proto-Brusing:

Avis ðersaiwa

Avis, dat welnān natāra, spāða ðersuos: ainan kerrun wāðnan teuðanda, ainanwa mahsalān kerriðān, ainanwa ðumana sneuman paranda.

Grammar

Nouns

Brusing nouns had 6 cases: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, ablative, and locative.

o-stems

welk 'wolf (m.)' (< *wḷkʷós)

	Singular	Plural
Nominative	welk	welke
Genitive	welkes	welkan
Dative	welke	welkum
Accusative	welk	welku
Ablative	welket	welkes
Locative	welke	welkus

þand 'child (n.)' (< *ǵénh₁tom)

	Singular	Plural
Nominative	þand	þanda
Genitive	þandes	þandan
Dative	þande	þandum
Accusative	þand	þanda
Ablative	þandet	þandes
Locative	þande	þandus

eh2-stems

arda 'earth (f.)' (< *h1er-teh2)

	Singular	Plural
Nominative	arda	ardas
Genitive	ardas	ardan
Dative	arde	ardum
Accusative	arda	ardu
Ablative	arde	ardes
Locative	arde	ardus

i- and u-stems

The i-stems and u-stems merge in Classical Brusing.

bǣd 'tyrant, despot (m.)' (< *potis)

	Singular	Plural
Nominative	bǣd	bǣdus
Genitive	bǣdus	bǣdian
Dative	bǣdu	bǣdum
Accusative	bǣd	bǣdi
Ablative	bǣdus	bǣdis
Locative	bǣdu	bǣdis

glōst 'load (f.)' (< **kleh₂-s-tus)

	Singular	Plural
Nominative	glōst	glōstus
Genitive	glōstus	glōstian
Dative	glōstu	glōstum
Accusative	glōst	glōsti
Ablative	glōstus	glōstis
Locative	glōstu	glōstis

ih2-stems

wǣsti (POBT wostiyā) = clothing

n-stems

nāma 'name (n.)' (< POBT *nomṇ)

	Singular	Plural
Nominative	nāma	nāman
Genitive	nǣman	nāmanan
Dative	nǣman	nāmanum
Accusative	nāma	nāman
Ablative	nǣmin	nāmanis
Locative	nǣmin	nāmanis

Likewise: wāta 'water', ðarta 'heart'

Verbs

Unlike in Thedic languages, all verbs use the athematic endings in Brusing.

Verbs are negated by prefixing na-.

Verbs had five tenses: present, imperfect, aorist, perfect, and future.

The irrealis tenses are: subjunctive, optative, imperfective imperative, and aorist imperative.

Brusing also had a passive voice, inherited from PIE.

e/o-thematics

spaðan 'to see'

• Present: spaðem, spaðas, spaðad, spaðum, spaðad, spaðān
• Imperfect: aspað, aspaðas, aspað, aspaðum, aspaðad, aspað
• Aorist: aspās, aspāst, aspās, aspassum, aspassad, aspasser
• Perfect: spāð, spāst, spāð, spāðum, spāðad, spāðer
• Future: spassem, spassas, spassad, spassum, spassad, spassān
• Subjunctive: spaðā, spaðēs, spaðēd, spaðum, spaðād, spaðān
• Optative: spassāem, spassāes, spassāed, spassāeum, spassāead, spassāeān
• Imperative: -, spað, -, spaðām, spaðad, -,

éye-verbs

dārayan 'to pain, to grieve'

• Present: dārayam, dārayas, dārayad, dārayum, dārayad, dārayān