Knench/Ancient: Difference between revisions

Line 69:

The definite article was ''ʔaC-'' (from Biblical Hebrew ''*haC-''). It caused gemination of the following consonant; if the following consonant was a guttural and thus could not geminate, it was lengthened to ''ʔā-''.

The Biblical feminine singular ending ''*-ā́'' became unstressed ''-a'' ~~(e.g. ''ʔašḗra'' 'sacred tree')~~, and the stress in feminine singular nouns in ''-a'' shifted to penultimate (by analogy with masculine singular adjectives and 3fs perfect verbs). Other possible feminine endings are ''-t'' or ''-δ''. The feminine plural ending was unstressed ''-oδ'' ~~(e.g. ''ʔašḗroδ'' 'sacred trees')~~, from Biblical Hebrew ''*-ṓt''. Sometimes ''-a'' is found where Standard Jewish Hebrew has ''-t'', and vice versa.)

The Biblical feminine singular ending ''*-ā́'' became unstressed ''-a'', and the stress in feminine singular nouns in ''-a'' shifted to penultimate (by analogy with masculine singular adjectives and 3fs perfect verbs). Other possible feminine endings are ''-t'' or ''-δ''. The feminine plural ending was unstressed ''-oδ'', from Biblical Hebrew ''*-ṓt''. Sometimes ''-a'' is found where Standard Jewish Hebrew has ''-t'', and vice versa.)

The construct state was not entirely predictable but not as "hard" as Tiberian Hebrew. Feminine singular nouns in ''-a'' had a construct state in ''-aδ''.

Example:

{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"

|+ '''Attributive declension for hard-stem adjectives'''

! number

!colspan=2| singular

!colspan=2| plural

|-

! gender

! m. !! f. !! m. !! f.

|-

! indef.

| ''sus ᴛob''

| ''súsa ᴛóba''

| ''susím ᴛobím''

| ''susóδ ᴛobóδ''

|-

! def.

| ''an yawm an tė́b''

| ''an φarī́θ an tė́baθ''

| ''an yawmė́θ an tėbī́n''

| ''an φariyė́θ an tėbė́θ''

|}

===Adjectives===

@@ Line 69: / Line 69: @@
 The definite article was ''ʔaC-'' (from Biblical Hebrew ''*haC-''). It caused gemination of the following consonant; if the following consonant was a guttural and thus could not geminate, it was lengthened to ''ʔā-''.
-The Biblical feminine singular ending ''*-ā́'' became unstressed ''-a'' (e.g. ''ʔašḗra'' 'sacred tree'), and the stress in feminine singular nouns in ''-a'' shifted to penultimate (by analogy with masculine singular adjectives and 3fs perfect verbs). Other possible feminine endings are ''-t'' or ''-δ''. The feminine plural ending was unstressed ''-oδ'' (e.g. ''ʔašḗroδ'' 'sacred trees'), from Biblical Hebrew ''*-ṓt''. Sometimes ''-a'' is found where Standard Jewish Hebrew has ''-t'', and vice versa.)
+The Biblical feminine singular ending ''*-ā́'' became unstressed ''-a'', and the stress in feminine singular nouns in ''-a'' shifted to penultimate (by analogy with masculine singular adjectives and 3fs perfect verbs). Other possible feminine endings are ''-t'' or ''-δ''. The feminine plural ending was unstressed ''-oδ'', from Biblical Hebrew ''*-ṓt''. Sometimes ''-a'' is found where Standard Jewish Hebrew has ''-t'', and vice versa.)
 The construct state was not entirely predictable but not as "hard" as Tiberian Hebrew. Feminine singular nouns in ''-a'' had a construct state in ''-aδ''.
+Example:
+{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
+|+ '''Attributive declension for hard-stem adjectives'''
+! number
+!colspan=2| singular
+!colspan=2| plural
+|-
+! gender
+! m. !! f. !! m. !! f.
+|-
+! indef.
+| ''sus ᴛob''
+| ''súsa ᴛóba''
+| ''susím ᴛobím''
+| ''susóδ ᴛobóδ''
+|-
+! def.
+| ''an yawm an tė́b''
+| ''an φarī́θ an tė́baθ''
+| ''an yawmė́θ an tėbī́n''
+| ''an φariyė́θ an tėbė́θ''
+|}
 ===Adjectives===