Vadi: Difference between revisions

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There is strong evidence that the ''Širkattarnaft'' was insufficient in representing Vadi phonology and phonotactics. Numerous digraphs, spelling anomalies if not irregularities, are found throughout the texts. Schumann and Iyyaħmi use two different Romanized systems for glossing purposes. Schumann's is based on slightly modified version of Spanish, as it is his native language and moreover, he feels the Spanish orthography represents the phonology of Vadi accurately. Iyyaħmi's publications inside Minhay utilize the ''Širkattarnaft'' to maintain Vadi's historical link with the actual system in the Scriptum, as well as to make it accessible to native Minhast speakers. However, for international publications, Iyyaħmi prefers a modified version of the [[Minhast#Orthography|Ammerkast]] system for transcribing Vadi alongside the original ''Širkattarnaft'' text:

There is strong evidence that the ''Širkattarnaft'' was insufficient in representing Vadi phonology and phonotactics. Numerous digraphs, spelling anomalies if not irregularities, are found throughout the texts. Schumann and Iyyaħmi use two different Romanized systems for glossing purposes. Schumann's is based on slightly modified version of Spanish, as it is his native language and moreover, he feels the Spanish orthography represents the phonology of Vadi accurately.

{| class="bluetable lightbluebg"

|-

! | Iyyaħmi's ~~Modified~~ Ammerkast ~~Characters~~

! | Schumann's Romanization

|-

| a, á, e, é, i, í, o, ó, u, ú, b, p, f, v, d, t, g, k, n, m, l, r, z, s, h, w, y

|-

|}

Iyyaħmi's publications inside Minhay utilize the ''Širkattarnaft'' to maintain Vadi's historical link with the actual system in the Scriptum, as well as to make it accessible to native Minhast speakers. However, for international publications, Iyyaħmi prefers a modified version of the [[Minhast#Orthography|Ammerkast]] system for transcribing Vadi alongside the original ''Širkattarnaft'' text:

{| class="bluetable lightbluebg"

|-

! | Iyyaħmi's Romanization

|-

| a, á, ā, â, e, é, ē, ê, i, í, ī, í, o, ó, ō, ô, u, ú, ū, û, b, p, f, bf [v], d, t, g, k, n, m, l, fsl [ɬ], r, z, s, sš [s̺], š, h, w, y

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|}

A few notes regarding ~~this modified Ammerkast system~~: there are three digraphs, namely <bf>, <fsl>, and <sš>, which ~~are unusual in that~~ the Ammerkast system was ~~meant~~ to be phonemic. In fact, "Ammerkast" derives from "Americanist", a phonetic orthographic alternative to IPA widely used in linguistic literature for Native American, Semitic, Sumerian and other ancient Near Eastern languages. Although Iyyaħmi acknowledges that his modified system breaks the Ammerkast's original purpose to employ a one character-to-sound representation, the modifications map directly to the way the native ''Širkattarnaft'' was used by the Vadi litigants~~: the~~ litigants' use of the ''Širkattarnaft'' is quite unorthodox, and part of the reason for this is that they used plenty of digraphs to represent sounds not ~~represented~~ in the ''Širkattarnaft'', as well as to indicate consonantal mutations and other sandhi processes that ~~occur~~ in their language.

A few notes regarding Iyyaħmi's Romanization: there are three digraphs, namely <bf>, <fsl>, and <sš>, which diverges from the Ammerkast system, which was designed to be phonemic. In fact, "Ammerkast" derives from "Americanist", a phonetic orthographic alternative to IPA widely used in linguistic literature for Native American, Semitic, Sumerian and other ancient Near Eastern languages. Although Iyyaħmi acknowledges that his modified system breaks the Ammerkast's original purpose to employ a one character-to-sound representation, the modifications map directly to the way the native ''Širkattarnaft'' was used by the Vadi litigants. The litigants' use of the ''Širkattarnaft'' was quite unorthodox, and part of the reason for this is that they used plenty of digraphs to represent sounds not found in the ''Širkattarnaft'', as well as to indicate consonantal mutations and other sandhi processes that occurred in their language. Because this orthography maps more closely to how the litigants used the ''Širkattarnaft'', Iyyaħmi believes it is more suitable in reconstructing Vadi phonology phonotactics.

Because this modified Ammerkast orthography maps more closely to the ''Širkattarnaft'', Iyyaħmi believes it has more flexibility in showing sandhi and mutations not represented in Schumann's system. Both Iyyaħmi and Schumann do employ IPA to represent the actual phonology of the textual material, but even here both Vadists diverge, as the IPA of Iyyaħmi reflects his more recent work on how the ''Širkattarnaft'' was used to represent Vadi phonology and phonotactics, whereas Schumann maintains Iyyaħmi's analyses are problematic. Today, however, the consensus among Vadists is that Iyyaħmi's analyses are more accurate.

Both Iyyaħmi and Schumann do employ IPA to represent the actual phonology of the textual material, but even here both Vadists diverge, as the IPA of Iyyaħmi reflects his more recent work on how the ''Širkattarnaft'' was used to represent Vadi phonology and phonotactics, whereas Schumann maintains Iyyaħmi's analyses are problematic. Today, however, the consensus among Vadists is that Iyyaħmi's analyses are more accurate.

Nevertheless, Schumann's system is more widespread as his work on Vadi started in late 1960, whereas Iyyaħmi, although quite prolific, began his work much more recently after finishing his post-doc in 2012. In this article, Schumann's Romanization will be used for glossing where there is little divergence between his and Iyyaħmi's samples. However, if there are significant discrepancies, both Romanizations will be represented together with Schumann's appearing first, separated by a slash before Iyyaħmi's.

@@ Line 199: / Line 199: @@
 </gallery>
-There is strong evidence that the ''Širkattarnaft'' was insufficient in representing Vadi phonology and phonotactics.  Numerous digraphs, spelling anomalies if not irregularities, are found throughout the texts.  Schumann and Iyyaħmi use two different Romanized systems for glossing purposes.  Schumann's is based on slightly modified version of Spanish, as it is his native language and moreover, he feels the Spanish orthography represents the phonology of Vadi accurately.  Iyyaħmi's publications inside Minhay utilize the ''Širkattarnaft'' to maintain Vadi's historical link with the actual system in the Scriptum, as well as to make it accessible to native Minhast speakers.  However, for international publications, Iyyaħmi prefers a modified version of the [[Minhast#Orthography|Ammerkast]] system for transcribing Vadi alongside the original ''Širkattarnaft'' text:
+There is strong evidence that the ''Širkattarnaft'' was insufficient in representing Vadi phonology and phonotactics.  Numerous digraphs, spelling anomalies if not irregularities, are found throughout the texts.  Schumann and Iyyaħmi use two different Romanized systems for glossing purposes.  Schumann's is based on slightly modified version of Spanish, as it is his native language and moreover, he feels the Spanish orthography represents the phonology of Vadi accurately.
 {| class="bluetable lightbluebg"
 |-
-!  | Iyyaħmi's Modified Ammerkast Characters
+!  | Schumann's Romanization
+|-
+|  a, á, e, é, i, í, o, ó, u, ú, b, p, f, v, d, t, g, k, n, m, l, r, z, s, h, w, y
+|-
+|}
+Iyyaħmi's publications inside Minhay utilize the ''Širkattarnaft'' to maintain Vadi's historical link with the actual system in the Scriptum, as well as to make it accessible to native Minhast speakers.  However, for international publications, Iyyaħmi prefers a modified version of the [[Minhast#Orthography|Ammerkast]] system for transcribing Vadi alongside the original ''Širkattarnaft'' text:
+{| class="bluetable lightbluebg"
+|-
+!  | Iyyaħmi's Romanization
 |-
 |  a, á, ā, â, e, é, ē, ê, i, í, ī, í, o, ó, ō, ô, u, ú, ū, û, b, p, f, bf [v], d, t, g, k, n, m, l, fsl [ɬ], r, z, s, sš [s̺], š, h, w, y
@@ Line 209: / Line 219: @@
 |}
-A few notes regarding this modified Ammerkast system: there are three digraphs, namely <bf>, <fsl>, and <sš>, which are unusual in that the Ammerkast system was meant to be phonemic.  In fact, "Ammerkast" derives from "Americanist", a phonetic orthographic alternative to IPA widely used in linguistic literature for Native American, Semitic, Sumerian and other ancient Near Eastern languages.  Although Iyyaħmi acknowledges that his modified system breaks the Ammerkast's original purpose to employ a one character-to-sound representation, the modifications map directly to the way the native ''Širkattarnaft'' was used by the Vadi litigants: the litigants' use of the ''Širkattarnaft'' is quite unorthodox, and part of the reason for this is that they used plenty of digraphs to represent sounds not represented in the ''Širkattarnaft'', as well as to indicate consonantal mutations and other sandhi processes that occur in their language.
+A few notes regarding Iyyaħmi's Romanization: there are three digraphs, namely <bf>, <fsl>, and <sš>, which diverges from the Ammerkast system, which was designed to be phonemic.  In fact, "Ammerkast" derives from "Americanist", a phonetic orthographic alternative to IPA widely used in linguistic literature for Native American, Semitic, Sumerian and other ancient Near Eastern languages.  Although Iyyaħmi acknowledges that his modified system breaks the Ammerkast's original purpose to employ a one character-to-sound representation, the modifications map directly to the way the native ''Širkattarnaft'' was used by the Vadi litigants.  The litigants' use of the ''Širkattarnaft'' was quite unorthodox, and part of the reason for this is that they used plenty of digraphs to represent sounds not found in the ''Širkattarnaft'', as well as to indicate consonantal mutations and other sandhi processes that occurred in their language.   Because this orthography maps more closely to how the litigants used the  ''Širkattarnaft'', Iyyaħmi believes it is more suitable in reconstructing Vadi phonology phonotactics.
-Because this modified Ammerkast orthography maps more closely to the ''Širkattarnaft'',  Iyyaħmi believes it has more flexibility in showing sandhi and mutations not represented in Schumann's system.  Both Iyyaħmi and Schumann do employ IPA to represent the actual phonology of the textual material, but even here both Vadists diverge, as the IPA of Iyyaħmi reflects his more recent work on how the ''Širkattarnaft'' was used to represent Vadi phonology and phonotactics, whereas Schumann maintains Iyyaħmi's analyses are problematic.  Today, however, the consensus among Vadists is that Iyyaħmi's analyses are more accurate.
+Both Iyyaħmi and Schumann do employ IPA to represent the actual phonology of the textual material, but even here both Vadists diverge, as the IPA of Iyyaħmi reflects his more recent work on how the ''Širkattarnaft'' was used to represent Vadi phonology and phonotactics, whereas Schumann maintains Iyyaħmi's analyses are problematic.  Today, however, the consensus among Vadists is that Iyyaħmi's analyses are more accurate.
 Nevertheless, Schumann's system is more widespread as his work on Vadi started in late 1960, whereas Iyyaħmi, although quite prolific, began his work much more recently after finishing his post-doc in 2012.  In this article, Schumann's Romanization will be used for glossing where there is little divergence between his and Iyyaħmi's samples.  However, if there are significant discrepancies, both Romanizations will be represented together with Schumann's appearing first, separated by a slash before Iyyaħmi's.