Nahónda: Difference between revisions
Added 4th person row to Table 1. Not sure I like this, not quite like Algonquin obviative 4th person, more like Yupik 4th person "referential" pronoun |
Add Minhast and Nankôre demonstratives. This will be skeleton for creating Nahónda demonstratives |
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| áca | | áca | ||
| acà | | acà | ||
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=== Demonstratives === | |||
Minhast demonstrative pronouns make a four-way distinction. As attributives, they precede their heads, joined by the connective ''min'' to the NP they modify. They may also be cliticized to their heads. The cliticized forms tend to be used in the Lower Minhast and City Speaker dialects, particularly in informal speech. | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2"| | |||
! colspan="2" | Independent | |||
! rowspan="2"| Attributive | |||
! colspan="2" | Clitic | |||
! rowspan="2"| Comments | |||
|- | |||
! Absolutive | |||
! Ergative | |||
! Absolutive | |||
! Ergative | |||
|- | |||
! Proximal | |||
| sap | |||
| sapte | |||
| sapim, sap min | |||
| =sap | |||
| =sapte | |||
| this one, near the speaker | |||
|- | |||
! Medio-proximal | |||
| nax | |||
| naxt(e) | |||
| naxtim | |||
| =nax | |||
| =naxt(e) | |||
| this/that one near the listener | |||
|- | |||
! Distal | |||
| waššī | |||
| wašt(e) | |||
| waššim | |||
| =waš | |||
| =wašt(e) | |||
| far from both speaker and listener | |||
|- | |||
! Invisible | |||
| kiryit | |||
| kirte | |||
| kiryit min | |||
| =kirit | |||
| =kiryit | |||
| n/a | |||
|} | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" | |||
|- | |||
! Type !! Spatial !! Translation !! Example | |||
|- | |||
! '''Proximal ''' | |||
| =skoro || this one near me; now || nan=iskoro "this man here"; oriyat=hepi "today" | |||
|- | |||
! '''Medio-Proximal''' | |||
| =hori, =ori || that one by you; just awhile ago|| nan=hori "that man next to you"; | |||
|- | |||
! '''Distal''' | |||
| =nko, =kekori || yonder, that one near him/her/them; yesterday, a few days ago|| nan=inko "yonder man"" | |||
|- | |||
! '''Invisible''' | |||
| =nanak || that one beyond the horizon, or occluded by a distant object|| nan=nanak "that man (e.g. on the other side of the mountain)" | |||
|} | |} | ||