Zarḍenlaṇḍs: Difference between revisions
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==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
As in Standard Dutch, but with the addition of '''ṭ ḍ ṇ ḷ''' /ʈ ɖ ɳ ɭ/. /s z/ have allophones [ʂ ʐ] around retroflexes. [ʀ] is preferred for /r/. | As in Standard Dutch, but with the addition of '''ṭ ḍ ṇ ḷ''' /ʈ ɖ ɳ ɭ/. /s z/ have allophones [ʂ ʐ] around retroflexes. [ʀ] is preferred for /r/. |
Revision as of 19:36, 8 September 2021
Zarḍenlaṇḍs /ˈzaʀɖəlaɳʈs/ (name to be changed; Thedish: Sardenlandьsk) is an Ingvaeonic language spoken in Lõis's Sardinia and Corsica. It's from a separate branch from English and Frisian.
It's a member of the Sardinian sprachbund along with Thedish, Sardinian and Kyravar Mazhi, and has a dental-retroflex distinction. The main source of retroflexion in Zardenlands is from a consonant shift where Proto-Ingvaeonic þ d became d ḍ.
Phonology
As in Standard Dutch, but with the addition of ṭ ḍ ṇ ḷ /ʈ ɖ ɳ ɭ/. /s z/ have allophones [ʂ ʐ] around retroflexes. [ʀ] is preferred for /r/.
Nouns
Like Afrikaans, Zarḍenlaṇḍs uses the invariable definite article die and indefinite article een.
Pluralization normally uses -s or -en, but some plurals use different affixes: die kiṇḍ = the child, die kiṇḍeren 'the children'.
Adjectives
The inflected form in -e is usually used for attributive adjectives regardless of the Dutch or Old Thedish gender:
- een kleine man, een kleine vrouw, een kleine huis, kleine mannen/vrouwen/huizen
- die kleine man, die kleine vrouw, die kleine huis, die kleine mannen/vrouwen/huizen
Verbs
dental-retro alternations
Class 1
- lijden, leeḍ, geleḍen = to suffer (minimal pair with leiḍen = to lead)
- strijden, streeḍ, gestreḍen = to fight (by analogy)
- schijnen, scheeṇ, gescheṇen 'shine, seem'
Class 2
- vriezen, vroor, gevroren = to freeze
Class 4a
- biṇḍen, boṇḍ, geboṇḍen = to bind, to tie
Sample text
Alle mensen worden vrij en gelijk in waardigheiḍ en reṭṭen geboren. Zij zijn begiftigḍ meṭ verstaṇḍ en geweten, en behoren zich jegens elkander in een geest van broeḍerschap te geḍragen.