Hantza/Nouns

Pluralisation

Only grammatically animate nouns are pluralised in Hantza. This is marked by a suffix.

Possession

Nouns that are not possessed nouns are unmarked while possessed nouns are marked by a prefix for one of the grammatical persons listed below:

• First person singular
• First person plural
• Second person singular
• Second person plural
• Third person animate singular
• Third person animate plural
• Third person inanimate
• Fourth person (AKA obviative)
• Indefinite

Hantza has an alienable vs inalienable possession distinction. Indeed, some nouns, most commonly body parts, family members and homes. The indefinite prefix is used if there is no specific possessor.

In addition to this, there is an "integral possession" suffix, used together with the possession prefix, which indicates that the possessed noun is part of its possessor.

Personal pronouns

Due to the polypersonal agreement present on verbs, bare personal pronouns are rarely used in Hantza. When they are used they are referred to as "emphatic pronouns". Emphatic pronouns are necessarily of definite reference.

• First person singular
• First person plural
• Second person singular
• Second person plural
• Third person animate singular
• Third person animate plural
• Third person inanimate
• Fourth person (AKA obviative)

Interrogative pronouns

What, which, who(m), whose

Negative pronouns

Nothing, no one/nobody, no one's/nobody's

Indefinite pronouns

Something, someone/somebody, someone's/somebody's

Attributives

Attributive adjectives are essentially nouns used in apposition and there is no fixed order.

Infixes are sometimes used to derive adjective-like nouns from noun-like nouns, e.g. "sandy" from "sand".

Numerals

Cardinal, ordinal, adverbial, multiplier, distributive, collective, fractional