Tonuao: Difference between revisions
(Created page with "{{construction}} right|300px {{PAGENAME}} is a zonal auxlang<ref>http://conlangery.com/2013/01/14/conlangery-80-zonal-auxlangs/</ref>...") |
m (→Phonotactics: katakana) |
||
| Line 91: | Line 91: | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="text-align: center; float: right" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="6" | Simple Syllables | ! colspan="6" | Simple Syllables | ||
| Line 140: | Line 140: | ||
| '''yu''' | | '''yu''' | ||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="text-align: center; float: right" | ||
|- | |||
! colspan="6" | Katakana | |||
|- | |||
! ø | |||
| ア | |||
| エ | |||
| イ | |||
| オ | |||
| ウ | |||
|- | |||
! P | |||
| パ || ペ || ピ || ポ || プ | |||
|- | |||
! T | |||
| タ || テ || チ || ト || ツ | |||
|- | |||
! K | |||
| カ || ケ || キ|| コ|| ク | |||
|- | |||
! M | |||
| マ || メ || ミ || モ || ム | |||
|- | |||
! N | |||
| ナ || ネ || ニ || ノ || ヌ | |||
|- | |||
! S | |||
| サ || セ || シ || ソ || ス | |||
|- | |||
! H | |||
| ハ || ヘ|| ヒ || ホ || フ | |||
|- | |||
! L | |||
| ラ || レ || リ || ロ || ル | |||
|- | |||
! W | |||
| ワ | |||
| style="background:black;" | | |||
| style="background:black;" | | |||
| style="background:black;" | | |||
| style="background:black;" | | |||
|- | |||
! Y | |||
| ヤ | |||
| style="background:black;" | | |||
| style="background:black;" | | |||
| ヨ | |||
| ユ | |||
|} | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="text-align: center; float: left" | |||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="5" | Complex Syllables | ! colspan="5" | Complex Syllables | ||
| Line 159: | Line 209: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! T | ! T | ||
| '''tya''' | | '''tya''' <br /> /tja ~ t͡ɕa/ | ||
| '''tan''' | | '''tan''' | ||
| '''ten''' | | '''ten''' | ||
| Line 183: | Line 233: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! S | ! S | ||
| '''sya''' | | '''sya''' <br /> /sja ~ ɕa/ | ||
| '''san''' | | '''san''' | ||
| '''sen''' | | '''sen''' | ||
| Line 190: | Line 240: | ||
! H | ! H | ||
| style="background:black;" | | | style="background:black;" | | ||
| ''han''' | | '''han''' | ||
| '''hen''' | | '''hen''' | ||
| style="background:black;" | | | style="background:black;" | | ||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="text-align: center; float: left" | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="5" | Katakana | |||
|- | |||
! | |||
! ya | |||
! an | |||
! en | |||
! in | |||
|- | |||
! P | |||
| ピャ | |||
| パン | |||
| ペン | |||
| ピン | |||
|- | |||
! T | |||
| チャ | |||
| タン | |||
| テン | |||
| チン | |||
|- | |||
! K | |||
| style="background:black;" | | |||
| カン | |||
| ケン | |||
| style="background:black;" | | |||
|- | |||
! M | |||
| ミャ | |||
| マン | |||
| メン | |||
| ミン | |||
|- | |||
! N | |||
| ニャ | |||
| ナン | |||
| ネン | |||
| ニン | |||
|- | |||
! S | |||
| シャ | |||
| サン | |||
| セン | |||
| シン | |||
|- | |||
! H | |||
| style="background:black;" | | |||
| ハン | |||
| ヘン | |||
| style="background:black;" | | |||
|} | |||
The complex syllables of {{PAGENAME}} are clearly much more limited. | The complex syllables of {{PAGENAME}} are clearly much more limited. | ||
Revision as of 03:18, 5 December 2014
 | This article is a construction site. This project is currently undergoing significant construction and/or revamp. By all means, take a look around, thank you. |
Tonuao is a zonal auxlang[1] intended to be quickly learnable, readily comprehensible, and mutually communicative between persons of the w:East Asian cultural sphere. It uses Chinese characters for most of its writing, with some forms being simplified according to the w:Shinjitai/新字体 standards of Japan. It is non-tonal, nearly analytic, SVO, topic-prominent, uses classifiers, is pro-drop, copula-drop, and uses postpositions.
Phonology
Tonuao has 5 vowels and 10 consonants.
| Consonants | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
| Nasals | m /m/ | n /n/ | |||||
| Plosives | p /p ~ b ~pʰ/ | t /t ~ d ~ tʰ/ | k /k ~ g ~ kʰ/ | ||||
| Fricatives | s /s ~ ɕ/ | h /h ~ ɦ ~ x/ | |||||
| Liquids | l /l ~ ɾ/ | ||||||
| Approximants | w /w/ | y /j/ | |||||
While there is a great deal of consonantal allophony (see below), every language speaker will experience some sounds as difficult, especially in achieving consistency.
| Vowels | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Front | Central | Back | |
| High | i /i ~ ɪ/ | u /u ~ ɯ/ | |
| Mid | e /e ~ ɛ ~ ə/ | o /o ~ ɤ/ | |
| Low | a /a ~ ä/ | ||
Again, a great deal of tolerance is required when listening to others. Non-Mandarin speakers will have the hardest time being patient with Chinese vowels, but accents are part of being international!
Phonotactics
The three allowable syllable structures are V, CV, Cya, and CVn. There are gaps in all these series, and allophony.
| Simple Syllables | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ø | a (as in 啊) |
e /e ~ je ~ ə/ |
i /i ~ ji/ |
o /o ~ wo/ |
u /u ~ wu/ |
| P | pa | pe | pi | po | pu |
| T | ta | te | ti /ti ~ t͡ɕi/ |
to | tu /tu ~ tsu/ |
| K | ka | ke | ki | ko | ku |
| M | ma | me | mi | mo | mu |
| N | na | ne | ni | no | nu |
| S | sa | se | si /si ~ ɕi/ |
so | su |
| H | ha | he | hi | ho | hu |
| L | la | le | li | lo | lu |
| W | wa | ||||
| Y | ya | yo /jo ~ joʊ̯/ |
yu | ||
| Katakana | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ø | ア | エ | イ | オ | ウ |
| P | パ | ペ | ピ | ポ | プ |
| T | タ | テ | チ | ト | ツ |
| K | カ | ケ | キ | コ | ク |
| M | マ | メ | ミ | モ | ム |
| N | ナ | ネ | ニ | ノ | ヌ |
| S | サ | セ | シ | ソ | ス |
| H | ハ | ヘ | ヒ | ホ | フ |
| L | ラ | レ | リ | ロ | ル |
| W | ワ | ||||
| Y | ヤ | ヨ | ユ | ||
| Complex Syllables | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ya | an | en | in | |
| P | pya | pan | pen | pin |
| T | tya /tja ~ t͡ɕa/ |
tan | ten | tin |
| K | kan | ken | ||
| M | mya | man | men | min |
| N | nya | nan | nen | nin |
| S | sya /sja ~ ɕa/ |
san | sen | sin |
| H | han | hen | ||
| Katakana | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ya | an | en | in | |
| P | ピャ | パン | ペン | ピン |
| T | チャ | タン | テン | チン |
| K | カン | ケン | ||
| M | ミャ | マン | メン | ミン |
| N | ニャ | ナン | ネン | ニン |
| S | シャ | サン | セン | シン |
| H | ハン | ヘン | ||
The complex syllables of Tonuao are clearly much more limited.