Zanahi: Difference between revisions
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====Pronouns==== | ====Pronouns==== | ||
====='''Personal pronouns'''===== | ====='''Personal pronouns'''===== | ||
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center" | |||
{ class=wikitable style="text-align:center" | |||
|+ Zanahi personal pronouns | |+ Zanahi personal pronouns | ||
! | ! Person/<br />Number !! Independent !! Dependent | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 1S | ! 1S | ||
| | | ammā || -mā | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 2SM | ! 2SM | ||
| antā || -tā/-þā | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2SF | ! 2SF | ||
| antī || -tī/þī | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3SM | ! 3SM | ||
| hattā || -hā | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3SF | ! 3SF | ||
| hattī || -hī | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 1P | ! 1P | ||
| annā || -nā | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2PM | ! 2PM | ||
| antān || -tān/þān | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2PF | ! 2PF | ||
| antīn || -tīn/þīn | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3PM | ! 3PM | ||
| hattān || -hān | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3PF | ! 3PF | ||
| hattīn || -hīn | |||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
====Nouns and adjectives==== | ====Nouns and adjectives==== |
Revision as of 05:25, 23 November 2022
Zanahi (native: zanāhī, haṭ-ṭaṣwā haz-zanāhiyyā) is an Indo-European language with a high degree of Semitic influence.
Zanahi | |
---|---|
zanāhī | |
Pronunciation | [zænæːhiː] |
Created by | Shariifka |
Indo-European
| |
Early form | Proto-Zanahi
|
Introduction
Zanahi is a satem language.
Phonology
Consonants
Labial | Dental | Denti-alveolar | Post-alv./ Palatal |
Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
plain | emphatic | |||||||||
Nasal | m | n | ||||||||
Stop | voiceless | p | t̪ | tˤ | k | q | ʔ | |||
voiced | b | d̪ | ɡ | |||||||
Fricative | voiceless | f | θ | s | sˤ | ʃ | x ~ χ | ħ | h | |
voiced | v | ð | z | ɣ ~ ʁ | ʕ | |||||
Trill | r | |||||||||
Approximant | l | j | w |
Vowels
Short | Long | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Front | Back | Front | Back | |
Close | /i/ | /u/ | /iː/ | /uː/ |
Mid | /eː/ | /oː/ | ||
Open | /a/ | /aː/ | ||
Diphthongs | /aw/, /aj/ |
Orthography
Prosody
Stress
Intonation
Phonotactics
Morphophonology
Lenition
Non-emphatic plosives undergo lenition to fricatives (analogous to "begadkefat" in Aramaic and Biblical Hebrew) in certain environments.
Un-lenited | Lenited |
---|---|
/b/ | /v/ |
/ɡ/ | /ɣ ~ ʁ/ |
/d/ | /ð/ |
/k/ | /x ~ χ/ |
/p/ | /f/ |
/t/ | /θ/ |
Morphology
Like Arabic, Zanahi words are traditionally classified in three categories: nominals, verbs, and particles.
Nominals
Pronouns
Personal pronouns
Person/ Number |
Independent | Dependent |
---|---|---|
1S | ammā | -mā |
2SM | antā | -tā/-þā |
2SF | antī | -tī/þī |
3SM | hattā | -hā |
3SF | hattī | -hī |
1P | annā | -nā |
2PM | antān | -tān/þān |
2PF | antīn | -tīn/þīn |
3PM | hattān | -hān |
3PF | hattīn | -hīn |
Nouns and adjectives
Nouns do not decline for case.
There are two genders: masculine and feminine.The feminine is most often marked with the ending -ā.
There are two numbers: singular and plural.
Adjectives agree with the noun they modify in gender.
Below is an example declension for the adjective bān "clear":
Gender | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Masculine | bān | bānīn |
Feminine | bānā | bānān |