Verse talk:Danterlokhan/Even when issues arise

Background

The National Simphonian is the official language of Stellean Republic of Simphonia. It is based on Northern Shifer Language, but for centuries has evolved to not resemble its original language. It is given the status of sole official language of High Commission of Simphonia, and is included as subject in schools up to secondary education, alongside a native language.

Consonant charts

Pulmonic consonants

	Bilabial	Labio-dental	Dental	Alveolar	Post-alveolar	Retroflex	Alveolo-palatal	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Pharyngeal	Epiglottal	Glottal
Nasal	m	ɱ		n				ɲ	ŋ
Plosive	p b			t d					k g
Affricate					t͡ʃ d͡ʒ
Fricative		f v	θ	s z	ʃ ʒ								h
Approximant								j
Trill				r
Flap or tap				ɾ
Lateral fric.
Lateral app.				l
Lateral flap

Vowel chart

	Front	Near-front	Central	Near-back	Back
Close	i ɨ u e o ə ɛ ɔ æ a /div>
Near‑close
Close‑mid
Mid
Open‑mid
Near‑open
Open

Phonotactics

While the original vocabulary of National Simphonian comes from Shifer, centuries of use allowed it to borrow words from other languages, thereby ensuring diverse forms of syllables.

Orthography

Аа

Бб

Вв

Гᴤ

Dd

Ее

Ĕĕ

Жж

Ӡӡ

Θθ

Qq

Ии

Йй

DZʤ

Кк

Λλ

a

b

v

g

d

e

yo

zh

z

th

h

i

y

j

k

l

Мм

Нн

Оо

Пп

Рр

Сс

Тт

Уу

Хх

Фф

Чч

Шʃ

Ыы

Яя

Ээ

Юю

m

n

o

p

r

s

t

u

kh

ph

ch

sh

y

ya

ye

yu

The table above shows the National Simphonian Alphabet together with the transliteration scheme commonly used. Up until now, there is no official romanization scheme set by the Simphonian Language Body. The letter /y/ is used to stand for both [ɨ] and [j]. In general, which is represented can easily be determined: 1. /y/ represents [ɨ] if it is between two consonants. If [ɨ] is preceded or followed by a vowel, a hyphen is used to separate it from the vowel. 2. /y/ represents [j] if it precedes or follows a vowel.

Grammar

Morphology

Nouns

Nouns are generally not declined, except for marking possession, which varies among dialects of National Simphonian. The possession suffix commonly used is /i/, which is prevalent among Shifer, Waerun, and Kanopher speakers. Numbers

Adjectives

Adjectives are either in native form or derived. In the case of latter, the suffix /-la/ is used to derive an adjective from a noun. Adjectives either precede or follow the noun. If the adjective has /-la/ suffix, it must precede the noun; otherwise it must follow the noun. For noun phrases,

Verbs

The verb generally takes this form:

root

/ra/

tense

transitivity

Verbs are either transitive (marked by /-o/)or intransitive (marked by /-a/). The tenses are perfect, aorist, present, future I and future II. Future I marks a future action that will happen regardless of the situation. Future II is used to mark a future action that the actor decided to do because of current situation.

Tense	English	National Simphonian
Perfect	I ate.	Yearado.
Aorist	I was eating.	Yearago.
Present	I am eating.	Yearaso.
Future I	I will eat.	Yearalo.
Future II	I WILL eat.	Yearayo.

Adverbs

Adverbs follow the verb and use the suffix /-lne/. The same marker is used in describing other aspect of verbs.

Particles

Affirmation and Negation: Yes is /jana/ while no is /nega/. They immediately follow the word they describe. In certain situations, they are used to replace other words that would usually be used instead.