Nankôre: Difference between revisions

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===Syntax===

Nankôre is classified as a SOV language. The auxiliary verbs, such as the copula ''itá'', obligatorily appear in clause-final position. Although the core argument NPs do not take any overt case marking, the animacy hierarchy and inverse system usually provide enough information to identify the Agent from the Patient, so OSV orders are also found in speech and text. Although auxiliary verbs are obligatorily clause-final, their head may appear at the beginning of the clause, as in ''Kakno, rihat makshe no itá'' >> seize.3, falcon.AGT mouse.PT SEMBLATIVE COP, lit. "It seizes it, the falcon the mouse in.one.act it.does", i.e. "The falcon seizes the mouse in one fell swoop."

====Word Order====

Nankôre is classified as a SOV language. The auxiliary verbs, such as the copula ''itá'', obligatorily appear in clause-final position. Although the core argument NPs do not take any overt case marking, the animacy hierarchy and inverse system usually provide enough information to identify the Agent from the Patient, so OSV orders are also found in speech and text. Although auxiliary verbs are obligatorily clause-final, their head may appear at the beginning of the clause for emphasis, as in ''Kakno, rihat makshe no itá'' >> seize.3, falcon.AGT mouse.PT SEMBLATIVE COP, lit. "It seizes it, the falcon the mouse in.one.act it.does", i.e. "The falcon seizes the mouse in one fell swoop." Note that the fronted verb is followed by an audible pause.

As in many SOV languages, modifiers precede their heads, e.g. ''Shirkosh shi=rohpa,'' "This fine foreign cloth" (lit. "Foreigner fine.cloth").

====Possession====

Possession is indicated by joining the possessor to the possessum with the connective ''si='', followed either by the verb ''ras'' to indicate inalienable possession e.g. ''Koykare si=naho ~~ras~~'', "The boy's mother", or ''ocité'' for alienable possession, e.g. ''Koykare si=~~maska~~ ocité''. If the possessor is lower in the animacy heirarcy, the inverse marker ''ta'/tah'' is prefixed to the verb, as in the improbable ''~~Maska si~~=koykare tah-ocité'', "The anthill's boy".

Possession is indicated by joining the possessor to the possessum with the connective ''si=/shi='', followed either by the verb ''ras/rash'' to indicate inalienable possession e.g. ''Koykare shi=naho rash'', "The boy's mother", or ''ocité'' for alienable possession, e.g. ''Koykare shi=mashka ocité''. If the possessor is lower in the animacy heirarcy, the inverse marker ''ta'/tah'' is prefixed to the verb, as in the improbable ''Mashka shi=koykare tah-ocité'', "The anthill's boy".

====Comparatives and Superlatives====

@@ Line 608: / Line 608: @@
 ===Syntax===
-Nankôre is classified as a SOV language.  The auxiliary verbs, such as the copula ''itá'', obligatorily appear in clause-final position.  Although the core argument NPs do not take any overt case marking, the animacy hierarchy and inverse system usually provide enough information to identify the Agent from the Patient, so OSV orders are also found in speech and text.  Although auxiliary verbs are obligatorily clause-final, their head may appear at the beginning of the clause, as in ''Kakno, rihat makshe no itá'' >> seize.3, falcon.AGT mouse.PT SEMBLATIVE COP, lit. "It seizes it, the falcon the mouse in.one.act it.does", i.e. "The falcon seizes the mouse in one fell swoop."
+====Word Order====
+Nankôre is classified as a SOV language.  The auxiliary verbs, such as the copula ''itá'', obligatorily appear in clause-final position.  Although the core argument NPs do not take any overt case marking, the animacy hierarchy and inverse system usually provide enough information to identify the Agent from the Patient, so OSV orders are also found in speech and text.  Although auxiliary verbs are obligatorily clause-final, their head may appear at the beginning of the clause for emphasis, as in ''Kakno, rihat makshe no itá'' >> seize.3, falcon.AGT mouse.PT SEMBLATIVE COP, lit. "It seizes it, the falcon the mouse in.one.act it.does", i.e. "The falcon seizes the mouse in one fell swoop."  Note that the fronted verb is followed by an audible pause.
+As in many SOV languages, modifiers precede their heads, e.g. ''Shirkosh shi=rohpa,'' "This fine foreign cloth" (lit. "Foreigner fine.cloth").
 ====Possession====
-Possession is indicated by joining the possessor to the possessum with the connective ''si='', followed either by the verb ''ras'' to indicate inalienable possession e.g. ''Koykare si=naho ras'', "The boy's mother", or ''ocité'' for alienable possession, e.g. ''Koykare si=maska  ocité''.  If the possessor is lower in the animacy heirarcy, the inverse marker ''ta'/tah'' is prefixed to the verb, as in the improbable ''Maska si=koykare tah-ocité'', "The anthill's boy".
+Possession is indicated by joining the possessor to the possessum with the connective ''si=/shi='', followed either by the verb ''ras/rash'' to indicate inalienable possession e.g. ''Koykare shi=naho rash'', "The boy's mother", or ''ocité'' for alienable possession, e.g. ''Koykare shi=mashka  ocité''.  If the possessor is lower in the animacy heirarcy, the inverse marker ''ta'/tah'' is prefixed to the verb, as in the improbable ''Mashka shi=koykare tah-ocité'', "The anthill's boy".
 ====Comparatives and Superlatives====