Flewtish: Difference between revisions
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<b>Flewtish</b> ([[w:Endonym|endonym]]: <b>Флӯтѡа [ɸlûːtwa]</b> or <b>''Флӯтѡас глӯн''</b> [ɸlûːtwas ɡluːŋ]) is a language spoken by the majority of the population in much of Northwest Russia and the [[w:Karelia|Karelia region]]. Flewtish is a [[w:Language isolate|language isolate]], meaning it does not [[w:Genetic relationship (linguistics)|genetically relate]] to any other known language on the planet. | <b>Flewtish</b> ([[w:Endonym|endonym]]: <b>Флӯтѡа [ɸlûːtwa]</b> or <b>''Флӯтѡас глӯн''</b> [ɸlûːtwas ɡluːŋ]) is a language spoken by the majority of the population in much of Northwest Russia and the [[w:Karelia|Karelia region]], as well as a large pocket in [[w:Finland|Eastern Finland]]. Flewtish is a [[w:Language isolate|language isolate]], meaning it does not [[w:Genetic relationship (linguistics)|genetically relate]] to any other known language on the planet, similar to [[w:Basque|Basque]] in Europe. | ||
Flewtish is | Flewtish is a polysynthetic language, something uncommon for the Siberian or the European languages, hinting a distant [[w:Urheimat|Urheimat]] far away from today's Russia (Usually placed near the Mongolian border). The language is split into 4 periods: [[Proto-Flewtish]], Old Flewtish, Flutvas Ewett and Modern Flewtish, each one signified by the historical events accompanying them. It is a biscriptal language, using both the Latin and Cyrillic scripts to be written. An important aspect of the language is differentiating between labialized and non-labialized consonants (Referred in Flewtish as "rounded" and "unrounded") see eg. [kʷáɣ.ok] "Warmth" and [káɣ.ok] "Deer". | ||
While standardized, the language spans over a massive geographical area and as a result, forms a dialect continuum with the most extreme corners (from east Finland to [[w:Ukhta]] being completely unintelligible to each other. One example could be the simple sentence "My favorite pets are cats". Following are the two examples in the dialects spoken in Ukhta and Arkhangelsk respectively: | While standardized, the language spans over a massive geographical area and as a result, forms a dialect continuum with the most extreme corners (from east Finland to [[w:Ukhta]] being completely unintelligible to each other. One example could be the simple sentence "My favorite pets are cats". Following are the two examples in the dialects spoken in Ukhta and Arkhangelsk respectively: | ||
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Flewtish, from it's early years, was influenced by Mongolic, Turkic and later Indo-European and Uralic languages. The most obvious example would be the large amount of Finnic loanwords into Flewtish (eg. Кӣлъиту "to converse") but even titles from the Flewtish Kingdom such as "Gǎngÿán /ʔgâŋʸán/" (Leader, possibly related to Khagan), "Tãngṽrǐ /ʔtæ̃ŋʷɾiː/" (Same origin as Tengri) and "Tãěrṽágn /ʔtæ̃ɾ.wáŋ/" (Local ruler, related to Tarkhan). On the Indo-European side, the word "цӧѡўӻўг /ˈt͡sø.wy.ɣyg/" (Sheep) is probably borrowed from the Proto-Indo-European word '''*h₂ówis''' and the word "гамнегъ" (milking, from PIE ''*h₂melǵ-''). | Flewtish, from it's early years, was influenced by Mongolic, Turkic and later Indo-European and Uralic languages. The most obvious example would be the large amount of Finnic loanwords into Flewtish (eg. Кӣлъиту "to converse") but even titles from the Flewtish Kingdom such as "Gǎngÿán /ʔgâŋʸán/" (Leader, possibly related to Khagan), "Tãngṽrǐ /ʔtæ̃ŋʷɾiː/" (Same origin as Tengri) and "Tãěrṽágn /ʔtæ̃ɾ.wáŋ/" (Local ruler, related to Tarkhan). On the Indo-European side, the word "цӧѡўӻўг /ˈt͡sø.wy.ɣyg/" (Sheep) is probably borrowed from the Proto-Indo-European word '''*h₂ówis''' and the word "гамнегъ" (milking, from PIE ''*h₂melǵ-''). | ||
Flewtish can be categorized in four major ''historical periods'', shown below. Flewtish writings first emerged in ~100 CE in syllabaries, and the first consistent writing down of the language begun with the Latin alphabet and christianization of the population through wars and conquering, as well as contact and trading: | |||
# '''Proto-Flewtish''' | |||
## An entirely reconstructed language, with its era set from ~4000 BCE to 100 CE. Through internal reconstruction, there is pretty accurate information about it. | |||
# '''Old Flewtish''' | |||
The oldest written form of the language, primarily using syllabaries. | |||
# '''Flutvas Ewett''' | |||
## Literally meaning "Greater Flewtish", this is the stage of the language (Between 650 to 1600) which saw the rise of the Flewtish Kingdom and the christianization of the population. This is also when the Latin script was first adopted. A lot of formal texts are still codified in a late form of this stage. | |||
# '''Modern Flewtish''' | |||
The modern form of the language. | |||
==Orthography== | ==Orthography== | ||
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! colspan="29" | Cyrillic Script for Flewtish | ! colspan="29" | Cyrillic Script for Flewtish | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Аа /a/ || Бб /b/ || Вв /v/ || Гг /g/ || Ғғ /ɣ/ || Дд /d/ || Ѷѷ /ð/ || Ее /e/ || Зз /z/ || Ии /i/ || Ыы /ɨ/ || Ўў /y/ || Кк /k/ || Лл /l/ || Мм /m/ || Нн /n/ || Оо /o/ || Пп /p/ || Рр /ʁ/ || Тт /t/ || Сс /s/ || Уу /u/ || Фф /ɸ/ || | | Аа /a/ || Бб /b/ || Вв /v/ || Гг /g/ || Ғғ /ɣ/ || Дд /d/ || Ѷѷ /ð/ || Ее /e/ || Зз /z/ || Ии /i/ || Ыы /ɨ/ || Ўў /y/ || Кк /k/ || Лл /l/ || Мм /m/ || Нн /n/ || Оо /o/ || Пп /p/ || Рр /ʁ/ || Тт /t/ || Сс /s/ || Уу /u/ || Фф /ɸ/ || Ьь (ʷ) || Хх /ç/ || Цц /t͡s/ || Чч /t͡ʃ/ || Шш /ʃ/ || Ѡѡ /w/ | ||
|} | |} | ||
</center> | </center> | ||
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| 0 || Zero || Нўл | | 0 || Zero || Нўл | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 1 || One || | | 1 || One || Sál/Сал | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2 || Two || Āy/Ааы | | 2 || Two || Āy/Ааы | ||
Revision as of 22:54, 20 December 2023
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| Flewtish | |
|---|---|
| Flũtwa / Флӯтѡа | |
| Pronunciation | [ɸlûːtwa] |
| Created by | Aggelos Tselios |
| Date | 2023 |
| Native to | Russia, Finland |
| Native speakers | approx. 1 million (2023) |
Language Isolate
| |
| Official status | |
Official language in | Karelian Republic |
| Regulated by | Institutgog Standardzabiroden Flutvadene Glung (Institute of Standardization of the Flewtish Language) |
Flewtish (endonym: Флӯтѡа [ɸlûːtwa] or Флӯтѡас глӯн [ɸlûːtwas ɡluːŋ]) is a language spoken by the majority of the population in much of Northwest Russia and the Karelia region, as well as a large pocket in Eastern Finland. Flewtish is a language isolate, meaning it does not genetically relate to any other known language on the planet, similar to Basque in Europe.
Flewtish is a polysynthetic language, something uncommon for the Siberian or the European languages, hinting a distant Urheimat far away from today's Russia (Usually placed near the Mongolian border). The language is split into 4 periods: Proto-Flewtish, Old Flewtish, Flutvas Ewett and Modern Flewtish, each one signified by the historical events accompanying them. It is a biscriptal language, using both the Latin and Cyrillic scripts to be written. An important aspect of the language is differentiating between labialized and non-labialized consonants (Referred in Flewtish as "rounded" and "unrounded") see eg. [kʷáɣ.ok] "Warmth" and [káɣ.ok] "Deer".
While standardized, the language spans over a massive geographical area and as a result, forms a dialect continuum with the most extreme corners (from east Finland to w:Ukhta being completely unintelligible to each other. One example could be the simple sentence "My favorite pets are cats". Following are the two examples in the dialects spoken in Ukhta and Arkhangelsk respectively:
- Мўлъ гԝoшў чунне мау (Favorite-NOM me-CAU pet-PL cat)
- Ӻакныгԝoдон цўнъук мауну (Favorite-me-GEN pet-PL cat-PL)
Etymology and history
Flũtṽa is an evolution of Proto-Flewtish *ɸlȳdʰa, meaning "Blooming" or "Saturated". The reason for this name is that the regions that Flewtish speakers settled were far more greener and developed than their previous homeland. Flewtish is possibly a Paleo-siberian language that through migration reached it's current territory. This can be further supported by similarities with the Yeniseian languages, like having a pitch accent, vowel harmony and vowel length distinction. The most likely origin of the language is near the modern-day city of Bratsk in Russia.
Flewtish, from it's early years, was influenced by Mongolic, Turkic and later Indo-European and Uralic languages. The most obvious example would be the large amount of Finnic loanwords into Flewtish (eg. Кӣлъиту "to converse") but even titles from the Flewtish Kingdom such as "Gǎngÿán /ʔgâŋʸán/" (Leader, possibly related to Khagan), "Tãngṽrǐ /ʔtæ̃ŋʷɾiː/" (Same origin as Tengri) and "Tãěrṽágn /ʔtæ̃ɾ.wáŋ/" (Local ruler, related to Tarkhan). On the Indo-European side, the word "цӧѡўӻўг /ˈt͡sø.wy.ɣyg/" (Sheep) is probably borrowed from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₂ówis and the word "гамнегъ" (milking, from PIE *h₂melǵ-).
Flewtish can be categorized in four major historical periods, shown below. Flewtish writings first emerged in ~100 CE in syllabaries, and the first consistent writing down of the language begun with the Latin alphabet and christianization of the population through wars and conquering, as well as contact and trading:
- Proto-Flewtish
- An entirely reconstructed language, with its era set from ~4000 BCE to 100 CE. Through internal reconstruction, there is pretty accurate information about it.
- Old Flewtish
The oldest written form of the language, primarily using syllabaries.
- Flutvas Ewett
- Literally meaning "Greater Flewtish", this is the stage of the language (Between 650 to 1600) which saw the rise of the Flewtish Kingdom and the christianization of the population. This is also when the Latin script was first adopted. A lot of formal texts are still codified in a late form of this stage.
- Modern Flewtish
The modern form of the language.
Orthography
Flewtish is officially written with the Cyrillic script as law enforces it in Russia. However, up until the Soviet Union's dissolution in 1991, the language was actually written with the Latin script, which was brought over by Viking sailors around the 8th century. The Latin script is used mostly online and education is done almost exclusively in the Cyrillic-based alphabet instead.
| Cyrillic Script for Flewtish | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Аа /a/ | Бб /b/ | Вв /v/ | Гг /g/ | Ғғ /ɣ/ | Дд /d/ | Ѷѷ /ð/ | Ее /e/ | Зз /z/ | Ии /i/ | Ыы /ɨ/ | Ўў /y/ | Кк /k/ | Лл /l/ | Мм /m/ | Нн /n/ | Оо /o/ | Пп /p/ | Рр /ʁ/ | Тт /t/ | Сс /s/ | Уу /u/ | Фф /ɸ/ | Ьь (ʷ) | Хх /ç/ | Цц /t͡s/ | Чч /t͡ʃ/ | Шш /ʃ/ | Ѡѡ /w/ |
| Latin Script for Flewtish | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aa /a/ | Bb /b/ | Cc /t͡s/ | Dd /d/ | Đð /ð/ | Ee /e/ | Ff /f/ | Gg /g/ | Hh /ç/ | Ii /i/ | Yy /ɨ/ | Jj /ɣ/ | Kk /k/ | Ll /l/ | Mm /m/ | Nn /n/ | Oo /o/ | Pp /p/ | Rr /ʁ/ | Ss /s/ | Tt /t/ | Uu /u/ | Üü /y/ | Vv /v/ | Ww /w/ | Xx /ʒ/ | Zz /z/ |
The letters correspond always to their pronunciation. The orthography is considered a phonetic, as opposed to deep orthographies like French's.
Grammar
Pronouns
Flewtish contains the usual three pronouns, with a distinction on the third person pronouns for animate and inanimate objects. Flewtish does not use standalone pronouns often, resorting instead to suffixes on the root verb.
| English | Flewtish |
|---|---|
| I | Гѡо |
| You | Ши |
| (He or she)/it | Шов/Ў |
| We | Негѡо |
| You (pl.) | Неши |
| They | Увок |
Cases
Flewtish has 10 cases, most of which correspond to English prepositions. Depending on the dialect, the number or the actual inflection of the cases may vary significantly (The easternmost dialects spoken in Finland for example preserved the ancient attributive case whereas all other dialects eventually lost it).
| Case | Affix | Example | English Approximation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | (None) | House | - | |
| Genitive | -den | Dõmmaden | Of the house | - |
| Accusative | -n | Dõmman | The house | The accusative is formed when an action is done upon the object. |
| Vocative | -e | (Ē) Dõmmae | (Hey) house! | Dialectal only, conflicts with suffix -e (Similar to English 'the') |
| Adessive | -pṽo | Dõmmapwo | At the house | Dialectal only, usually fused with the inessive |
| Inessive | -seg | Dõmmaseg | In the house | Also exists as e-root-sek |
| Ablative | -sce | Dõmmasce | From the house | - |
| Essive | -l | Ēne Dõmmal | As a house | Rare, now usually the Russian borrowing 'как' is used. |
| Translative | -sej | Dõmmasej | (Transformed) into a house | |
| Instrumental | -om | Dõmmaom | With a house | If it conflicts with the accusative, then it becomes -on |
| Causal-Final | -scü | Dommascü | For the house | - |
| Negation | -n + -nde | Gende ndommande | Not a house | Not a case exactly, also mostly dialectal by now. |
Basic Vocabulary
Numbers
| Number | English | Flewtish |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Zero | Нўл |
| 1 | One | Sál/Сал |
| 2 | Two | Āy/Ааы |
| 3 | Three | Děgn/Денг |
| 4 | Four | Sãx/Саж |
| 5 | Five | Ðōgn/Ðōнг |
| 6 | Six | Gáwo/Гаѡо |
| 7 | Seven | Evé/Еве |
| 8 | Eight | Xü/Жў |
| 9 | Nine | Nãkk/На̄кк |
| 10 | Ten | Cárposct/Къарпошт |
Conversation
| English | Flewtish | IPA |
|---|---|---|
| Yes | Ген | [ɡén] |
| No | Генде | [ɡén.dɛ] |
| Hello! | Еӻ жива̄! | [έɣ ʒiβἇː] |
| Good morning! | Ӻуг харѡаг! | [ɣúːɡ çáʁwaɡ] |
| Good night! | Ӻуг микѡуг! | [ɣúːɡ ˈmikwùɡ] |
| Have a nice day! | Ка̄рѡазу ӻуг цо̄ӻет! | [kâːʁ.wazu ɣuːɡ t͡soːɣɛt] |
| Goodbye! | Нъикѡогъ | [ˈnʷikwoɡʷ] |
| Thank you! | Шпре̄нъвугъ | [ʃpʁɛːnʷ.βŷɡʷ] |
| Who? | Ӣва? | [îː.va/] |
| What? | Жар? | [ʒáʁ] |
| When? | Енѡо? | [ènwo] |
| Where? | Гѡа? | [ɡwâ] |
| How? | Ѡерцог? | [wèʁt͡soɡ] |
| Why | Пе̄ккет? | [pêːket] |
| Again | Вӯӻъ | [vûːʝʷ] |
| What is your name? | Жар ѡа̄рпагзу? | [ʒáʁ wâːʁpaɡzu] |
| My name is... | Ԝа̄рпагѡо ... | [wáː.ʁpaˌɡwo] |
| Do you speak English? | Киллиту Англсег? | [kilîtu ángl.seg] |
| I do not understand Flewtish. | Генде ситалъгѡо Флӯтѡас глунг. | [gén.dɐ sí.taˌlʷo ˈɸlûːtwas glûŋ] |
| Help me! | Памагъитегѡо! | [pa.ma.ˈgʷɪ.tɐˌgwo] |
| How much is it? | Ѡерга̄рѡазўме? | [wɐʁɡaːʁwa.zŷ.me] |
| Where are you from? | Гѡа жи шын? | [gwá ʒí ʃɨn] |
Sample text
Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
English: All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
Flewtish (Cyrillic): Ко ѡижене ӻенваца̄ктуне свабодане е ӻўфишине сансег е праѡане. Одарендутӯ кеѡогом е соѡешом, е жецентуне фалсегфал ѡенцисег заккарамтун.
Flewtish (IPA): [ko ˈwi.ʒɛne ˈɣɛnʙʷaˌt͡saːktu zvaˈbodaek e ˈɣyɸiʃʷiˌek ˈsan.seg e ˈpʁa.wa.seg ‖ ˈodarenduˌtuː ˈkewogom e ˈsoweʃom e ˈʒet͡sentu ˈfalsegˌfal ˈwent͡siseg zakaʁamtun]