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Proto-Flewtish: Difference between revisions
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===Syntax=== | ===Syntax=== | ||
Modern day Flewtish has a very weak, almost non-existent distinction between verbs. This is a relatively late evolution, as Proto-Flewtish included much more extensive verb inflection. Still, the use of pronouns before verbs to indicate the subject is a recent addition of the southern dialects, exactly due to the weak distinction between a verb and an object. As a result, Proto-Flewtish was probably less of a polysynthetic language and slightly closer to an analytical one, where the most conservative dialects still lean towards. | Modern day Flewtish has a very weak, almost non-existent distinction between verbs. This is a relatively late evolution, as Proto-Flewtish included much more extensive verb inflection. Still, the use of pronouns before verbs to indicate the subject is a recent addition of the southern dialects, exactly due to the weak distinction between a verb and an object. As a result, Proto-Flewtish was probably less of a polysynthetic language and slightly closer to an analytical one, where the most conservative dialects still lean towards. | ||
===Animation distinction & Gender=== | |||
Most Flewtish dialects have preserved a system of "animacy agreement", similar to how genders work in [[w:Indo-European languages|IE languages]]. The actual usage may vary, but in general, if the object of the sentence is animate, or/and the verb of the sentence involves showing animacy, all three parts of the sentence must take an animate suffix to indicate the sentence talks about something that is alive. Given that, Proto-Flewtish is reconstructed to have differentiated between animate and inanimate nouns, and, as a result, may have developed genders early on that survive to this form. The exact way they worked isn't yet understood, but it's assumed to have been similar to Proto-Indo-European. | |||
===Morphology and inflection=== | ===Morphology and inflection=== | ||
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===Noun cases=== | ===Noun cases=== | ||
Proto-Flewtish | For Proto-Flewtish, 11 cases have been reconstructed. Cases in Flewtish are equivalent to English prepositions, however the ablative case is reconstructed to have had an independent morpheme outside the word to indicate whether the object was moving or not. | ||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | |||
|+ Proto-Flewtish grammatical cases | |||
|- | |||
! Case name !! Proto-Flewtish suffix !! Descendants | |||
|- | |||
| Genitive || *d(e), *-den | -te | |||
|- | |||
| Accusative || *-kop || -ko | |||
|- | |||
| Locative || *-mu || -mu | |||
|- | |||
| Vocative || -he || ''Kvuppeg Flewtish'' -ej | |||
|- | |||
| Adessive || -no || -no | |||
|- | |||
| Dative || *e-, *-zeɣ || (e(t)-), s | |||
|- | |||
| Ablative || (*un) *-s || on, -s | |||
|- | |||
| Essive || (Invented later) || -i | |||
|- | |||
| Translative || *-ot || ''Kvuppeg Flewtish'' -ot | |||
|- | |||
| Intrative || *pv- -pob || (ṕ-), -pop | |||
|- | |||
| Superessive || *o-, *-on || (Merged with the locative) | |||
|} | |||
==Vocabulary== | ==Vocabulary== | ||