Voltch

Voltch (native: voalc /vo̯altʃ/) is an Anglic language descended from Old English.

Voltch
voalc
Pronunciation	[vo̯aɫtʃ]
Created by	Shariifka
Language family	Indo-European Germanic West Germanic North Sea Germanic Anglo-Frisian Anglic Voltch
Early forms	Proto-Indo-European Proto-Germanic Old English

Introduction

Etymology

From Old English folcisċ "vernacular language".

Phonology

Orthography

Consonants spelling IPA Remarks normally final b /b/ /p/ ch /x/ c /tʃ/ cg /dʒ/ /tʃ/ Treated as a double consonant in terms of checking syllables. d /d/ /t/ f /f/ g /ɡ/ /k/ h /ɦ/ — j /j/ — k /k/ l /l/ Pronounced dark/velarized ([ɫ]) word-finally and before consonants. lj /ʎ/ m /m/ n /n/ Assimilates place of articulation with following consonant. nj /ɲ/ ng /ŋ/ p /p/ r /r/ s /s/ sc /ʃ/ Treated as a double consonant in terms of checking syllables. t /t/ v /v/ — w /v/ /f/ z /z/ — zc /ʒ/ — Treated as a double consonant in terms of checking syllables.

Vowels and diphthongs spelling IPA checked free a /ɑ/ /aː/ aa /aː/ — ä /æ/ /ɛː/ ää /ɛː/ — aai /aːi̯/ aau /aːu̯/ ai /ɑi̯/ au /ɑu̯/ e /ɛ/, /ə/ /eː/, /ə/ ea /e̯a/ ee /eː/ eei /eːi̯/ eeu /eːu̯/ ei /iː/ i, y /ɪ/, /ə/ — ie /iə̯/ ij /ɪi̯~ei̯/ iu /ɪʊ̯/ o /ɔ/ /oː/ oa /o̯a/ oi /ɔi̯/ oo /oː/ — ooi /oːi̯/ oou /oːu̯/ ou /uː/ ö /œ/ /øː/ öa /ø̯a/ öö /øː/ öü /yː/ u /ʊ/ /uː/ ue /uə̯/ ui /ʊɪ̯/ uu /ʊu̯~ou̯/ ü /ʏ/ /yː/ üe /yə̯/ üü /ʏy̆~øy̆/

Alphabet

Letter Name IPA A a a [ʔaː] B b be [beː] C c ce [tʃʰeː] D d de [deː] E e e [ʔeː] F f ef [ʔɛf] G g ge [ɡeː] H h ha [ɦaː] I i ij [ʔɪi̯]

Letter Name IPA J j jot [jɔtʰ] K k ka [kʰaː] L l el [ʔɛɫ] M m em [ʔɛm] N n en [ʔɛn] O o o [ʔoː] P p pe [pʰeː] Q q kuu [kʰʊu̯] R r er [ʔɛɾ]

Letter Name IPA S s es [ʔɛs] T t te [tʰeː] U u uu [ʔʊu̯] V v ve [veː] W w dobbel ve [ˈdɔbəɫ veː] X x iks [ʔɪks] Y y ɡreike ij [ˈɡɾiːkə ʔɪi̯] (IJ ij) longe ij [ˈlɔŋə ʔɪi̯] Z z zet [zɛtʰ]

Historical phonology

Old English	Environment	Voltch	Remarks
Vowels
a	lengthened	a (long), aa
	unstressed	e (schwa)
	otherwise	a (short)
ā	everywhere	uo
æ, ea	lengthened	ä (long), ää
	otherwise	ä (short)
ǣ	everywhere	ie
e	lengthened	ea
	unstressed	e (schwa)
	otherwise	e (short)
ē	everywhere	ei
eo	lengthened	öa
	otherwise	ö
ēo	everywhere	öü
ēa	everywhere	üe
i, ie	lengthened	e (long), ee
	before h + consonant	e (short)
	otherwise	i
ī, īe	everywhere	ij
o	lengthened	oa
	unstressed	e (schwa)
	otherwise	o (short)
ō	everywhere	ou
u	lengthened	o (long), oo
	otherwise	u
ū	everywhere	uu
y	lengthened	ö (long), öö
	otherwise	ü
ȳ	everywhere	üü
Consonants
b		b
c		k
ċ		c
d		d
f	unvoiced	f
	voiced	v	voiced word-initially, between vowels, and after liquids before vowels.
g		g, ∅
ġ		j
h		h, ch
l		l
m		m
n		n
p		p
r		r
s		s, z
t		t
w		w, ∅

Morphology

Pronouns

Personal pronouns

Personal pronouns

	Nominative	Accusative	Dative	Possessive
1S	ic	mec	mei	mijn
2SI	duu	dec	dei	dijn
3SM	hei	heen	him	his
3SF	höü	höü	heer	heer
3SN	hit	hit	him	his
1D	wit	oonk	oonk	oonker
2D	jit	jeenk	jeenk	jeenker
1P	wei	uus	uus	uur
2P/F	jei	jöü	jöü	jöür
3P	hij	hij	höm	höar

Demonstratives and Articles

Indefinite article

	Nominative	Accusative	Dative	Genitive
SM	aan	anen	anem	anes
SF	ane	ane	aner	aner
SN	aan	aan	anem	anes

Negative article

	Nominative	Accusative	Dative	Genitive
SM	naan	nanen	nanem	nanes
SF	nane	nane	naner	naner
SN	naan	naan	nanem	nanes
P	nane	nane	nanem	naner

Definitie article and neutral demonstrative

	Nominative	Accusative	Dative	Genitive
SM	dei	dään	diem	däs
SF	döü	döü	dier	dier
SN	dät	dät	diem	däs
P	due	due	duem	duer

Near demonstrative

	Nominative	Accusative	Dative	Genitive
SM	dis	dissen	dissem	disses
SF	disse	disse	disser	disser
SN	dis	dis	dissem	disses
P	disse	disse	dissem	disser

Far demonstrative

Strong declension
	Nominative	Accusative	Dative	Genitive
SM	joan	joanen	joanem	joanes
SF	joane	joane	joaner	joaner
SN	joan	joan	joanem	joanes
P	joane	joane	joanem	joaner
Weak declension
SM	joane	joanen	joanen	joanen
SF	joane	joanen	joanen	joanen
SN	joane	joane	joanen	joanen
P	joanen	joanen	joanem	joanen

Adjectives

Strong adjective declension

	Nominative	Accusative	Dative	Genitive
SM	—	-en	-em	-es
SF	-e	-e	-er	-er
SN	—	—	-em	-es
P	-e	-e	-em	-er

Weak adjective declension

	Nominative	Accusative	Dative	Genitive
SM	-e	-en	-en	-en
SF	-e	-en	-en	-en
SN	-e	-e	-en	-en
P	-en	-en	-em	-en

Numerals

Number	Cardinal	Ordinal
0	nuecht	nuechtede
1	uen	ierste
2	twue	twuede
3	dröü	dridde
4	vöür	vöürde
5	vijf	vijfte
6	zechs	zechste
7	zöaven	zöavede
8	ächt	ächtede
9	nijn	nijde
10	tein	töüde
11	ellöaven	ellöavede
12	twealf	twealfte
13	dröütein	dröütöüde
14	vöürtein	vöürtöüde
15	vijftein	vijftöüde
16	zechstein	zechstöüde
17	zöaventein	zöaventöüde
18	ächtein	ächtöüde
19	nijntein	nijntöüde
20	tweintij	tweintijste
30	drijtij	drijtijste
40	vöürtij	vöürtijste
50	vijftij	vijftijste
60	zechstij	zechstijste
70	zöaventij	zöaventijste
80	ächtij	ächtijste
90	nijntij	nijntijste
100	hundred	hundredste
1000	duuzend	duuzendste

Verbs

Examples of verbs

Class 3 strong - zeengen "to sing"

Conjugation of zeengen "to sing"

Infinitive			zeengen
Present participle			zeengend
Past participle			izoongen
	Present		Past		Imperative
	Indicative	Subjunctive	Indicative	Subjunctive
1S	zeenge	zeenge	zaang	zoonge
2SI	zeengest		zaangest		zeeng
3S	zeenget		zaang
P	zeengen	zeengen	zoongen	zoongen	zeenget

Irregular - wezen "to be"

Conjugation of wezen "to be"

Infinitive			wezen
Present participle			wezend
Past participle			iböün
	Present		Past		Imperative
	Indicative	Subjunctive	Indicative	Subjunctive
1S	öm	böü	wäs	wiere
2SI	ärt		wäst		böü
3S	is		wäs
P	zind	böün	wieren	wieren	böüt

Irregular: habben "to have"

Conjugation of habben "to have"

Infinitive			habben
Present participle			habbend
Past participle			ihäd
	Present		Past		Imperative
	Indicative	Subjunctive	Indicative	Subjunctive
1S	häbbe	häbbe	hädde	hädde
2SI	häst		häddest		haaf
3S	hät		hädde
P	habben	häbben	hädden	hädden	habbet

Vocabulary

Time - Tijd

Seasons - Due jüertijde

English	Voltch
spring	lenkten
summer	zomer
fall	häärvest
winter	weenter

Days of the week - Due daais of döü weken

English	Voltch
Sunday	ierstendaai
Monday	twuedendaai
Tuesday	driddendaai
Wednesday	vöürdendaai
Thursday	vijftendaai
Friday	zechstendaai
Saturday	zöavedendaai

Parts of the day - Due duele of duem daaie

English	Voltch
day	daai
dawn	dageng
morning	moargen
noon	middaai
afternoon	äftermiddaai
evening	ieven
dusk	nechteng
night	necht
midnight	midnecht

Units of time - Uenhuedes of tijde

English	Voltch
second	zekoond
minute	minuute
hour	tijm
day	daai
week	weke
month	mound
season	jüertijd
year	jüer

-->

Time adverbs - Tijdes bijwoorde

English	Voltch
now	nuu
then	don
recently, a short time ago, just	zuenuu
earlier	räder
soon, shortly	zoun
later	zijd; läter
always	zemblen
often	often
sometimes	wijlen
rarely	zealden
never	niever
ever	iever
still, yet	jijt
already	ier
today	toudaai
tonight	tounecht
yesterday	jeerstendaai
last night	jeerstennecht
tomorrow	toumoargen
before yesterday	ierjeerstendaai
two nights ago	ierjeerstennecht
after tomorrow	oavermoargen
this week	disse weke
last week	lätste weke
next week	nichste weke

Colours - Düeges

Colours - Due düeges

English	Voltch
white	wijt
grey	grij
black	zwäärt
red	rüed
orange	orancge
brown	bruun
yellow	jöale
green	grein
blue	blöü
pink	rueze
purple	poorper
golden	göölden

Example texts

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Article 1)

Älle men wöarden vröü and ilijc on uere and rechtem iboaren. Glöüscip and touknounes zind him jifted, and hij scolen...