Contionary:*snkʰadīrst

Proto-Vergic

This entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Etymology

From *snkʰa- -st + *-dīr-, hypothesized to be **dærtæš in zero-grade.

This verb is derived through the circumfix *snkʰa- -st, which is a productive perfective marker applied to imperfective verbs in Proto-Vergic. The imperfective root is hypothesized to be **dærtæš ("to eat"), given the connection to the Proto-Vergic noun *dærtes ("food, foodstuffs"), which shows a clear reflex of the PIE e-grade.

The morpheme *-dīr- is of problematic origin. One theory connects it to a hypothesized PIE root *dert-, based on the productive ē-grade shown in the Proto-Vergic reflex *ī. This theory is further supported by the existence of *dærtes, though this connection is controversial, as no cognates have been found in other Indo-European languages outside of Proto-Vergic.

Another hypothesis suggests that *-dīr- represents an extension of the PIE root *der- ("to tear, split"), with a dental extension (*der-t-). However, this is also viewed with skepticism, as the semantic gap between "tearing" and "eating" is considered too large for a direct connection. This leaves the origin of *-dīr- unresolved.

Interestingly, Proto-Pannonian has a related perfective verb, *hadartan, with a much narrower reconstructed definition ("to devour"). The relationship between Proto-Vergic *snkʰadīrst and Proto-Pannonian *hadartan is unclear. It is debated whether *hadartan is a native Proto-Pannonian formation, perhaps pointing to a shared reflex of an ancient PIE root, or if it represents a very early loan from an imperfective Proto-Vergic **dærtæš, which would later be replaced by the perfective formation in Proto-Vergic.

The formation of *snkʰadīrst alongside the imperfective verb *æč (from PIE *h₁édti, "to eat") further complicates its etymology. The existence of two distinct verbs for eating in Proto-Vergic suggests a semantic differentiation, with *snkʰadīrst likely expressing a more specific or completed action, as opposed to the general or ongoing action implied by *æč.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /sn̩kʰɑˈdǐːrst/

Verb

*snkʰadī́rst (perfective, imperfective counterpart *æč)

1. to eat

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Proto Raysio-Smipharic: *rъnhъðǐrt, *ðǐrt
• Old Iberian Vergic: ενκαδρίτ (enkadrī́t)
• Old Dacian Vergic: νέκοτὶρτ (nékotìrt)