173
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TolsianR: Difference between revisions
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→Conjugation
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|- | |- | ||
! 2FORMAL | ! 2FORMAL | ||
| ''stem''V-ne || ''stem''V-tVne || ''stem''V-fVne || ''stem''V-rVne || ''stem''V-ke || ''stem''V-ne || ''stem''V-je || ''stem''V- | | ''stem''V-ne || ''stem''V-tVne || ''stem''V-fVne || ''stem''V-rVne || ''stem''V-ke || ''stem''V-ne || ''stem''V-je || ''stem''V-jne || ''stem''V-tVjne || ''stem''V-fVjne || ''stem''V-rVjne || ''stem''V-kje || ''stem''V-je || ''stem''V-joð ; ''stem''V-joː | ||
|} | |} | ||
Note : in the original alphabet, and its corresponding traditional transliteration, endings that contain the sound /jo/ are written with the letter <y> if they belong to the absolute, but a digraph <i͠o> elsewhere ; for instance, the absolute animate 1SG, 2SG and 3SG persons are differentiated in writing from their inanimate conditional counterparts, despite being the same in phonic realization. In the modern transliteration, there is no difference. | |||
In this table, the endings correspond, respectively, to 1SG, 2SG, 3SG, 1PL, 2PL, 3PL, and 2FORMAL persons. "Stem" represents the stem of the verb minus its final vowel, as the diverse verbal categories markers can be inserted between the final vowel and the rest of the verb root. The final vowel is represented by the letter "V". The verbal declensions are given in phonological form ; indeed, orthography is not entirely transparent here, which can be most appreciated with the [tʃ] of the inanimate imperfect past which results from affrication of /t/ before /j/. The "(i)" is an epenthetic i sometimes inserted to break some consonant clusters (rules not perfectly described yet). Let's illustrate this table with a Class A verb, ''barinir'', "to want" : | In this table, the endings correspond, respectively, to 1SG, 2SG, 3SG, 1PL, 2PL, 3PL, and 2FORMAL persons. "Stem" represents the stem of the verb minus its final vowel, as the diverse verbal categories markers can be inserted between the final vowel and the rest of the verb root. The final vowel is represented by the letter "V". The verbal declensions are given in phonological form ; indeed, orthography is not entirely transparent here, which can be most appreciated with the [tʃ] of the inanimate imperfect past which results from affrication of /t/ before /j/. The "(i)" is an epenthetic i sometimes inserted to break some consonant clusters (rules not perfectly described yet). Let's illustrate this table with a Class A verb, ''barinir'', "to want" : | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! 1SG | ! 1SG | ||
| barini || | | barini || bariniti || barinifi || bariniri || bariniko || barinino || bariniy / bariniyo || barinii͠i / bariniyi || bariniti͠i or barinitqi / barinityi or barinitshi || barinifi͠i / barinifyi || bariniri͠i / bariniryi || bariniky / barinikyo || barinii͠o / bariniyo || bariniyh / bariniyoh | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 2SG | ! 2SG | ||
| barinic / barinis || | | barinic / barinis || barinitic / barinitis || barinific / barinifis || bariniric / bariniris || barinikoc / barinikos || barininoc / barininos || bariniyc / bariniyos || barinii͠ic / bariniyis|| bariniti͠ic or barinitqic / barinityis or barinitshis || barinifi͠ic / barinifyis || bariniri͠ic / bariniryis || barinikyc / barinikyos || barinii͠oc / bariniyos || bariniys / bariniyoc | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 3SG | ! 3SG | ||
| barinit || | | barinit || barinitit || barinifit || barinirit || barinikot || barininot || bariniyt / bariniyot || barinii͠it / bariniyit || bariniti͠it or barinitqit / barinityit or barinitshit || barinifi͠it / barinifyit || bariniri͠it / bariniryit || barinikyt / barinikyot || barinii͠ot / bariniyot || bariniyŧ / bariniyoth or bariniyott | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 1PL | ! 1PL | ||
| barinim || | | barinim || barinitimo || barinifimo || barinirimo || barinikomuc / barinikomüs || barininomuc / barininomüs || bariniyf / bariniyof || barinii͠im / bariniyim || bariniti͠imo or barinitqimo / barinityimo or barinitshimo || barinifi͠imo / barinifyimo || bariniri͠imo / bariniryimo || barinikymuc / barinikyomüs || barinii͠omuc / bariniyomüs || bariniyƥ / bariniyofh | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 2PL | ! 2PL | ||
| barinitc / barinits || | | barinitc / barinits || barinititc / barinitits || barinifiti || bariniriti || barinikotic / barinikotis || barininotic / barininotis || bariniyz / bariniyoz || barinii͠itc / bariniyits || bariniti͠itc or barinitqitc / barinityits or barinitshits || barinifi͠iti / barinifyiti || bariniri͠iti / bariniryiti || barinikytic / barinikyotis || barinii͠otic / bariniyotis || bariniyƶ̆ / bariniyozh | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 3PL | ! 3PL | ||
| barinin || | | barinin || barinitin || barinifin || barinirin || barinikona || barininona || bariniyn / bariniyon || barinii͠in / bariniyin || bariniti͠in or barinitqin / barinityin or barinitshin || barinifi͠in / barinifyin || bariniri͠in / bariniryin || barinikyna / barinikyona || barinii͠ona / bariniyona || bariniyƿ / bariniyowi | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 2FORMAL | ! 2FORMAL | ||
| barinine || | | barinine || barinitine || barinifine || barinirine || barinike || barinine || barinii͠e / bariniye || barini͠ĭne / bariniyne || barinitii͠ĭne / barinitiyne || barinifii͠ĭe / barinifiyne || barinirii͠ĭe / bariniriyne || bariniki͠e / barinikye || barinii͠e / bariniye || bariniyƶ, bariniyœ / bariniyodh, bariniyoo | ||
|} | |} | ||