Aryan: Difference between revisions

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! Nominative

| *aiǵṓn || *tū́ || *aíh0i, *aī́h0, *aíts || *ōi̯ṓn || *ūi̯ū́ || *aī́, *īu̯ī́h0, *īu̯ī́ || *ṓns || *ū́s || *aī́s, *ī́h0s, *ī́s || *ṓna || *ū́a || *aī́a, *ī́h0a, *ī́a

| *aiǵṓn || *tū́ || *aíh0i *aī́h0 *aíts || *ōi̯ṓn || *ūi̯ū́ || *aī́ *īu̯ī́h0 *īu̯ī́ || *ṓns || *ū́s || *aī́s *ī́h0s *ī́s || *ṓna || *ū́a || *aī́a *ī́h0a *ī́a

|-

! Accusative

| *nh0 || *tu̯h0 || *ím, *íh0m, *íts || *nóh0 || *i̯úh0 || *aím, *aíh0m, *aíts || *nsh0 || *u̯sh0 || *ísm, *íh0sm, *ís || *nah0 || *u̯ah0 || *íam, *íh0am, *ía

| *nh0(m) || *tu̯h0(m) || *ím *íh0m *íts || *nóh0(m) || *i̯úh0(m) || *aím, *aíh0m, *aíts || *nsh0(m) || *u̯sh0(m) || *ísm *íh0sm *ís || *nah0(m) || *u̯ah0(m) || *íam *íh0am *ía

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! Genitive

| *ni̯a || *tu̯i̯a || *ítsi̯a, *íh0tsi̯a, *ítsi̯a || *nói̯a || *i̯úi̯a || *aítsi̯a, *aíh0tsi̯a, *aítsi̯a || *nsi̯a || *u̯si̯a || *ítsi̯am, *íh0tsi̯am, *ítsi̯am || *nai̯a || *u̯ai̯a || *íai̯a, *íh0ai̯a, *íai̯a

| *ni̯a || *tu̯i̯a || *ítsi̯a *íh0tsi̯a *ítsi̯a || *nói̯a || *i̯úi̯a || *aítsi̯a, *aíh0tsi̯a, *aítsi̯a || *nsi̯a(m) || *u̯si̯a(m) || *ítsi̯am *íh0tsi̯am *ítsi̯am || *nai̯a || *u̯ai̯a || *íai̯a *íh0ai̯a *íai̯a

|-

! Locative

| *ni || *tu̯i || *ítsi, *íh0tsi, *ítsi || *nói || *i̯úi || *aítsi, *aíh0tsi, *aítsi || *nsi || *u̯si || *ítsim, *íh0tsim, *ítsim || *nai || *u̯ai || *íai, *íh0ai, *íai

| *ni || *tu̯i || *ítsi *íh0tsi *ítsi || *nói || *i̯úi || *aítsi *aíh0tsi *aítsi || *nsi(m) || *u̯si(m) || *ítsim *íh0tsim *ítsim || *nai || *u̯ai || *íai *íh0ai *íai

|-

! Dative

| *nai̯ || *tu̯ai̯ || *íai̯, *íh0ai̯, *íai̯ || *nóai̯ || *i̯úai̯ || *aíai̯, *aíh0ai̯, *aíai̯ || *nsai̯ || *u̯sai̯ || *ísai̯, *íh0sai̯, *ísai̯ || *natsai̯ || *u̯atsai̯ || *íatsai̯, *íh0atsai̯, *íatsai̯

| *nai̯ || *tu̯ai̯ || *íai̯ *íh0ai̯ *íai̯ || *nóai̯ || *i̯úai̯ || *aíai̯ *aíh0ai̯ *aíai̯ || *nsai̯(m) || *u̯sai̯(m) || *ísai̯(m) *íh0sai̯ *ísai̯(m) || *natsai̯ || *u̯atsai̯ || *íatsai̯ *íh0atsai̯ *íatsai̯

|-

|}

*The particle <''*m''> gains the property of the serial particle <''*s''> when the latter conflates with the absolute particle ''*ts'' (this contamination was likely encouraged due the presence of ''*m'' in the accusative).

*The particle <''*m''> gains the property of the serial particle <''*s''> when the latter conflates with the absolute particle ''*ts'' (this contamination was likely encouraged due the presence of ''*m'' in the accusative). Later in PIE, singular forms too would become contaminated (e.g. ''*íai̯'' "to him" (Aryan) ⇒ ''*āi̯'' "to him" ⇒ ''*h1esmōy'' "to him").

**Vide the genitive plural of the third-person:

***''*ítsi̯am'' (Aryan) > ''*éysom'' (PIE) ⇒ ''eum'' (Latin)

@@ Line 3,088: / Line 3,088: @@
 |-
 ! Nominative
-| *aiǵṓn || *tū́ || *aíh<sub>0</sub>i,<br>*aī́h<sub>0</sub>,<br>*aíts || *ōi̯ṓn  || *ūi̯ū́ || *aī́,<br>*īu̯ī́h<sub>0</sub>,<br>*īu̯ī́ || *ṓns || *ū́s || *aī́s,<br>*ī́h<sub>0</sub>s,<br>*ī́s || *ṓna || *ū́a || *aī́a,<br>*ī́h<sub>0</sub>a,<br>*ī́a
+| *aiǵṓn || *tū́ || *aíh<sub>0</sub>i<br>*aī́h<sub>0</sub><br>*aíts || *ōi̯ṓn  || *ūi̯ū́ || *aī́<br>*īu̯ī́h<sub>0</sub><br>*īu̯ī́ || *ṓns || *ū́s || *aī́s<br>*ī́h<sub>0</sub>s<br>*ī́s || *ṓna || *ū́a || *aī́a<br>*ī́h<sub>0</sub>a<br>*ī́a
 |-
 ! Accusative
-| *nh<sub>0</sub> || *tu̯h<sub>0</sub> || *ím,<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>m,<br>*íts || *nóh<sub>0</sub> || *i̯úh<sub>0</sub> || *aím,<br>*aíh<sub>0</sub>m,<br>*aíts || *nsh<sub>0</sub> || *u̯sh<sub>0</sub> || *ísm,<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>sm,<br>*ís || *nah<sub>0</sub> || *u̯ah<sub>0</sub> || *íam,<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>am,<br>*ía
+| *nh<sub>0</sub>(m) || *tu̯h<sub>0</sub>(m) || *ím<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>m<br>*íts || *nóh<sub>0</sub>(m) || *i̯úh<sub>0</sub>(m) || *aím,<br>*aíh<sub>0</sub>m,<br>*aíts || *nsh<sub>0</sub>(m) || *u̯sh<sub>0</sub>(m) || *ísm<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>sm<br>*ís || *nah<sub>0</sub>(m) || *u̯ah<sub>0</sub>(m) || *íam<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>am<br>*ía
 |-
 ! Genitive
-| *ni̯a || *tu̯i̯a || *ítsi̯a,<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>tsi̯a,<br>*ítsi̯a || *nói̯a || *i̯úi̯a || *aítsi̯a,<br>*aíh<sub>0</sub>tsi̯a,<br>*aítsi̯a || *nsi̯a || *u̯si̯a || *ítsi̯am,<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>tsi̯am,<br>*ítsi̯am || *nai̯a || *u̯ai̯a || *íai̯a,<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>ai̯a,<br>*íai̯a
+| *ni̯a || *tu̯i̯a || *ítsi̯a<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>tsi̯a<br>*ítsi̯a || *nói̯a || *i̯úi̯a || *aítsi̯a,<br>*aíh<sub>0</sub>tsi̯a,<br>*aítsi̯a || *nsi̯a(m) || *u̯si̯a(m) || *ítsi̯am<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>tsi̯am<br>*ítsi̯am || *nai̯a || *u̯ai̯a || *íai̯a<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>ai̯a<br>*íai̯a
 |-
 ! Locative
-| *ni || *tu̯i || *ítsi,<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>tsi,<br>*ítsi || *nói || *i̯úi || *aítsi,<br>*aíh<sub>0</sub>tsi,<br>*aítsi || *nsi || *u̯si || *ítsim,<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>tsim,<br>*ítsim || *nai || *u̯ai || *íai,<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>ai,<br>*íai
+| *ni || *tu̯i || *ítsi<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>tsi<br>*ítsi || *nói || *i̯úi || *aítsi<br>*aíh<sub>0</sub>tsi<br>*aítsi || *nsi(m) || *u̯si(m) || *ítsim<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>tsim<br>*ítsim || *nai || *u̯ai || *íai<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>ai<br>*íai
 |-
 ! Dative
-| *nai̯ || *tu̯ai̯ || *íai̯,<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>ai̯,<br>*íai̯ || *nóai̯ || *i̯úai̯ || *aíai̯,<br>*aíh<sub>0</sub>ai̯,<br>*aíai̯ || *nsai̯  || *u̯sai̯ || *ísai̯,<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>sai̯,<br>*ísai̯ || *natsai̯ || *u̯atsai̯ || *íatsai̯,<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>atsai̯,<br>*íatsai̯
+| *nai̯ || *tu̯ai̯ || *íai̯<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>ai̯<br>*íai̯ || *nóai̯ || *i̯úai̯ || *aíai̯<br>*aíh<sub>0</sub>ai̯<br>*aíai̯ || *nsai̯(m)  || *u̯sai̯(m) || *ísai̯(m)<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>sai̯<br>*ísai̯(m) || *natsai̯ || *u̯atsai̯ || *íatsai̯<br>*íh<sub>0</sub>atsai̯<br>*íatsai̯
 |-
 |}
-*The particle <''*m''> gains the property of the serial particle <''*s''> when the latter conflates with the absolute particle ''*ts'' (this contamination was likely encouraged due the presence of ''*m'' in the accusative).
+*The particle <''*m''> gains the property of the serial particle <''*s''> when the latter conflates with the absolute particle ''*ts'' (this contamination was likely encouraged due the presence of ''*m'' in the accusative). Later in PIE, singular forms too would become contaminated (e.g. ''*íai̯'' "to him" (Aryan) ⇒ ''*āi̯'' "to him" ⇒ ''*h<sub>1</sub>esmōy'' "to him").
 **Vide the genitive plural of the third-person:
 ***''*ítsi̯am'' (Aryan) > ''*éysom'' (PIE) ⇒ ''eum'' (Latin)