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Western Scots Norse: Difference between revisions

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Created page with "{{privatelang}} {{Infobox language |name=Outer Scots Norse |nativename={{lang|snon|Siarèghsc}} |pronunciation= |ethnicity=West Norse Scots |states=Siarègh |fam1=Indo-European |fam2=Germanic |fam3=North Germanic |fam4=West Scandinavian |fam5=Gaelo-Nordic<sup>?</sup> |script1=Latn |ancestor=Old Norse |ancestor2=w:Old West Norse|Old We..."
 
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==Phonology==
==Phonology==
A "standard" phonology is difficult to establish as the dialects tend to differ from each other in small but major ways, but it'd probably look like the following.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
|-
! colspan=2 rowspan=2 |  
! colspan=2 rowspan=2 |  
! colspan=3 | labial
! colspan=2 | labial
! colspan=3 | dental
! colspan=2 | alveolar
! colspan=3 | alveolar
! colspan=2 | velar
! colspan=3 | velar
|-
|-
! plain
! broad
! broad
! slender
! slender
! plain
! broad
! broad
! slender
! slender
! plain
! broad
! slender
! plain
! broad
! broad
! slender
! slender
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! colspan=2 | Nasal
! colspan=2 | Nasal
| m
| m
| mˠ
| mʲ
| mʲ
|
|
|
| n
| n
| nˠ
| ɲ
| ɲ
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 90: Line 78:
! Unvoiced
! Unvoiced
| p
| p
| pˠ
| p͡f
| pʲ
|
|
|
| t
| t
| tˠ
| t͡ʃ
| tʲ
| k
| colspan=2 | k
| c
| c
|-
|-
! Voiced
! Voiced
| b
| b
| bˠ
| b͡v
| bʲ
|
|
|
| d
| d
| dˠ
| d͡ʒ
| dʲ
| g
| colspan=2 | g
| ɟ
| ɟ
|-
|-
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! Unvoiced
! Unvoiced
| f
| f
| fˠ
| fʲ
| fʲ
| θ
| θˠ
| θʲ
| s
| s
| sˠ
| ʃ
| ʃ
| h¹
| x
| x
| ç
| ç
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! Voiced
! Voiced
| v
| v
| vˠ
| vʲ
| vʲ
| ð
| ðˠ
| ðʲ
| z
| z
| zˠ
| ʒ
| ʒ
| colspan=2 | ɣ
| ɣ
| ʝ
| ʝ
|-
|-
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|  
|  
|  
|  
|
| r, ɫ
|
|
|
| r, l
| rˠ, lˠ
| rʲ, ʎ
| rʲ, ʎ
| colspan=3 | j
| colspan=2 | j
|-
|-
|}
|}
#/h/ merges with /x/ outside of Standard Scots Norse.


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
|-
! rowspan=2 |
!  
! rowspan=2 | Front
! Front
! colspan=2 | Back
! Back
|-
! Unround
! Round
|-
|-
! High
! High
| i
| i
|
| u
| u
|-
|-
! Near-High
! Near-High
| ɪ
|  
| colspan=2 | ɤ~ʊ
| ɤ
|-
|-
! Mid
! Mid
| e
| e
| rowspan=2 | (ə)
| o
| o
|-
|-
! Low
! Low
| æ~ɛ
| ɛ
| ɔ~ɒ
| ɔ
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
! Nasals
! Front
! Back
|-
! High
| iə̯
| uə̯
|-
! Near-High
|
| ɤə̯
|-
! Mid
| eə̯
| oə̯
|-
! Low
| ɛə̯
| ɔə̯
|-
|-
|}
|}


#/ə/ is the unstressed realization of /æ, ɔ/. (differing by slender vs broad)
#/ə/ is the unstressed realization of /æ, ɔ/. (differing by slender vs broad)
#/æ/ is often /ɛ/ before nasals, but rarely so anywhere else.


Long vowels have long been lost, though their effects remain prominently, influencing the languages stress patterns heavily.


Every vowel can appear nasalized, though nasalization only occurs in specific positions, and is always shown with a single N. (though not all single Ns are nasalization)
*Word finally
*Before a fricative (Though "nh" is /n̥/)
*In some irregular positions when loaned from another language.
===Dialects===
All spoken dialects lack a distinction between /h/ and /x/.
====Siarèghsc====
Siarèghsc, or Outer Scots Norse, is spoken throughout the {{lang|snon|{{term|Siarègh}}}}, or the Outer Hebrides.
All outer dialects share the following major features.
*front round vowels became a back vowel, rather than the reflex in the Inner dialects, thus words like {{lang|snon|{{term|saist}}}} become {{lang|snon|{{term|siuest}}}} in Outer.
*front round vowels became a back vowel, rather than the reflex in the Inner dialects, thus words like {{lang|snon|{{term|saist}}}} become {{lang|snon|{{term|siuest}}}} in Outer.
*short i-e merger, always to /ɛ/.
*short i-e merger, always to /ɛ/.
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*merger of /r/ and /ɾ/.
*merger of /r/ and /ɾ/.
*Lack of the short a-e merger, keeping ⟨a⟩ as /ɑ/ (thus ⟨a⟩ is also broad, not slender)
*Lack of the short a-e merger, keeping ⟨a⟩ as /ɑ/ (thus ⟨a⟩ is also broad, not slender)
=====Fadhaèghsc=====
===Fadhaèghsc===
Fadhaèghsc, or High Scots Norse (Locative "high"),is spoken on {{lang|snon|{{term|Fadhaègh}}}}, or [[w:Lewis and Harris|Lewis and Harris]].
Fadhaèghsc, or High Scots Norse (Locative "high"),is spoken on {{lang|snon|{{term|Fadhaègh}}}}, or [[w:Lewis and Harris|Lewis and Harris]].
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
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#/əɪ̯̈/ is the unstressed realization of /ɜˑ, ɞˑ/. (differing by slender vs broad)
#/əɪ̯̈/ is the unstressed realization of /ɜˑ, ɞˑ/. (differing by slender vs broad)


=====Ìvistèghsc=====
===Ìvistèghsc===
Ìvistèghsc, or Uist Norse, is spoken on the islands of {{lang|snon|{{term|Ìvist}}}}, or [[w:Uist|Uist]].
Ìvistèghsc, or Uist Norse, is spoken on the islands of {{lang|snon|{{term|Ìvist}}}}, or [[w:Uist|Uist]].
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
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