Naeng: Difference between revisions
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!rowspan="3"|Stop | !rowspan="3"|Stop | ||
!<small>lenis</small> | !<small>lenis</small> | ||
| '''b''' p | | '''b''' p | ||
| '''d''' t | | '''d''' t || '''dl''' tɬ | ||
| '''dr''' ʈ | | '''dr''' ʈ || '''dlr''' ʈꞎ | ||
| | | | ||
| '''g''' k | | '''g''' k || '''ġ''' qʷˁ | ||
| ''' ' ''' ʔ | | ''' ' ''' ʔ | ||
|- | |- | ||
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;Notes | ;Notes | ||
*The lenis stops /p t tɬ ʈ ʈꞎ k qʷˁ/ are short compared to the aspirated stops /pˑʰ tˑʰ tɬˑʰ ʈˑʰ ʈꞎˑʰ kˑʰ qʷˁˑʰ/. | *The lenis stops /p t tɬ ʈ ʈꞎ k qʷˁ/ are short compared to the aspirated stops /pˑʰ tˑʰ tɬˑʰ ʈˑʰ ʈꞎˑʰ kˑʰ qʷˁˑʰ/. Between voiced sounds they may be semi-voiced, the lateral affricates /tɬ ʈꞎ/ in particular being voiced in the stop phase of the articulation [dɬ ɖꞎ]. | ||
*The lenis fricatives /f s ɬ ʂ ꞎ x/ are short compared to the fortis fricatives /fˑ sˑ ɬˑ ʂˑ ꞎˑ xˑ χʷˁˑ/. | *The lenis fricatives /f s ɬ ʂ ꞎ x/ are short compared to the fortis fricatives /fˑ sˑ ɬˑ ʂˑ ꞎˑ xˑ χʷˁˑ/. | ||
*/ə/ followed by /m n ɳ ŋ ɭ/ are pronounced as syllabic consonants (similar to Tigall): [m̩ n̩ ɳ̩ ŋ̍ ɭ̩]. | */ə/ followed by /m n ɳ ŋ ɭ/ are pronounced as syllabic consonants (similar to Tigall): [m̩ n̩ ɳ̩ ŋ̍ ɭ̩]. | ||
Revision as of 02:12, 11 June 2016
Naeng /ʈʼə́ⁿsìʔʊ́ɬ/ is a language spoken by the Naeng people in Hussmauch.
Numbers
- 0: 'iid /ʔìⁿt/
- 1: ŋẁł /ŋə̀ɬˑ/
- 2: vikh /vìxˑ/
- 3: tl'áádr /tɬʼɐ́ⁿʈ/
- 4: xrẃwix /ɮ˞ə́wìɬ/
- 5: ziŋúúdl /zìŋʊ́ⁿtɬ/
- 6: wúkhwn /wʊ́xˑǹ̩/
- 7; lenráá /ʁʷˁèɳɐ́ⁿ/
- 8: ŋet' /ŋètʼ/
- 9: rúk' /ɭʊ́kʼ/
- 10: 'ẃvaagh /ʔə́vɐ̀ⁿx/
Phonology
Based on the idea of "uncanny valley Tigall", with inspiration from Athabaskan.
Consonants
43 consonants.
m n nr ŋ lŋ b d dl dx dxr g ġ ' p t tł tr tłr k q p' t' tl' tr tr' k' q' f s sr łh łr kh qh h v z zr x xr gh w r y l
| Labial | Dental | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Lab.-phar. uvular | Glottal | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| central | lateral | central | lateral | |||||||
| Nasal | m m | n n | nr ɳ | ŋ ŋ | lŋ ɴʷˁ | |||||
| Stop | lenis | b p | d t | dl tɬ | dr ʈ | dlr ʈꞎ | g k | ġ qʷˁ | ' ʔ | |
| aspirated | p pˑʰ | t tˑʰ | tl tɬˑʰ | tr ʈˑʰ | tlr ʈꞎˑʰ | k kˑʰ | q qʷˁˑʰ | |||
| ejective | p' pʼ | t' tʼ | tl' tɬʼ | tr' ʈʼ | tlr' ʈꞎʼ | k' kʼ | q' qʷˁʼ | |||
| Fricative | fortis | f fˑ | s sˑ | ł ɬˑ | sr ʂˑ | łr ꞎˑ | kh xˑ | qh χʷˁˑ | h h | |
| lenis | v v̊ | z z̊ | x ɮ̊ | zr ʐ̊ | xr ɮ̊˞ | gh ɣ̊ | ||||
| Approximant | r ɽ~ɭ | y j | l ʁʷˁ | |||||||
Use interpunct · to separate digraphs
- Notes
- The lenis stops /p t tɬ ʈ ʈꞎ k qʷˁ/ are short compared to the aspirated stops /pˑʰ tˑʰ tɬˑʰ ʈˑʰ ʈꞎˑʰ kˑʰ qʷˁˑʰ/. Between voiced sounds they may be semi-voiced, the lateral affricates /tɬ ʈꞎ/ in particular being voiced in the stop phase of the articulation [dɬ ɖꞎ].
- The lenis fricatives /f s ɬ ʂ ꞎ x/ are short compared to the fortis fricatives /fˑ sˑ ɬˑ ʂˑ ꞎˑ xˑ χʷˁˑ/.
- /ə/ followed by /m n ɳ ŋ ɭ/ are pronounced as syllabic consonants (similar to Tigall): [m̩ n̩ ɳ̩ ŋ̍ ɭ̩].
Vowels
Naeng has 5 oral and 5 nasal vowels.
i u e ẁ a ii uu ee ẁẁ aa /i ʊ e ə ɐ iⁿ ʊⁿ eⁿ əⁿ ɐⁿ/ (IPA superscript indicates nasal vowels)
Tones
Every syllable may have either high tone or low tone. High tone is marked with an acute accent (high tone /ə́/ is transcribed as ẃ).
Phonotactics
Only V, CV, CVC allowed. Allowed syllable-final consonants: m n ɳ ŋ b d dɮ ɖ ɖɮʵ ɡ ʔ pʼ tʼ tɬʼ ʈʼ ʈɬʵʼ kʼ f s ʂ ɬ ɬʵ x w ɭ j