Suwáá/Wordlist: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 21:48, 7 July 2016

The Azzanic languages (Tergetian: sa-brìs Azzàinìne) are a family of consonantal-root languages spoken on the Wiebian subcontinent, as well as on a set of islands off of the North Wiebian Sea, including Tergetian and Rozzino. They are descended from Proto-Azzanic (PAzz).

Origin

The Azzanic languages bear the name of the legendary hero Azzàn, reconstructed as *ʔAzzānum, to whom Tergetians and Rozzinians trace their descent.

Phylogeny

Phylogeny

Phonology

Consonants

Proto-Azzanic is reconstructed with 27 consonants.

Proto-Azzanic reconstructed consonants
Labial Denti-alveolar Retroflex Palatal Velar Uvular Glottal
central lateral
Nasal *m *n
Plosive plain *p *t *ṭ *k *q
voiced *b *d *ḍ *g
Fricative voiceless *þ *s
voiced *ð *z
Affricate plain *c
voiced *ʒ́
Approximant *w *y
Liquid *r *l

Consonant correspondences

PAzz *p *b *t *d *s *z *c *ʒ́ *ṭ *ḍ *k *g *q *m *n *l *r *y *w *h
Tergetian p b t d t d s z s z ś ź ŧ đ c g q ġ m n l r ˀ, coloring f, coloring ˀ ˀ
Rozzino p b t d f v s ż z ż sci sgi ci gi ci gi c(h) g(h) qu gu m n l r gi, coloring v, coloring [ʔ] h [ʔ]
ʔAškāsīnių f b t d þ ð s z c dz š ž č k g q ʕ m n l r j v ʔ h

Vowels

Similar to Baltic:

Front Back
Close *i *ī *u *ū
Mid
Open *e *ē *a *ā
Diphthongs *ey *ew *ay *aw

Suprasegmentals

Stress fell on the first heavy (CVː or CVC) syllable (the last syllable was disregarded); in the absence of a heavy syllable, the stress fell on the first syllable.

Phonotactics

Morphology

Proto-Azzanic had Philippine alignment as does Rozzino and ʔAškāsīnių. Verb-initial clauses were the norm as in Semitic and Austronesian languages. Primitive Tergetian had changed this alignment into a nominative-accusative system.

Nouns

Nouns and adjectives declined for three cases: direct, indirect and genitive.

First declension: *kullum 'bird'
Case Singular Plural
Direct *kullum *kulles
Indirect *kullās *kullēm
Genitive *kullī *kullām


Second declension: *ripṭus 'throat'
Case Singular Plural
Direct *ripṭus *ripṭās
Indirect *ripṭay *ripṭum
Genitive *ripṭūs *ripṭa


Third declension: *ʕattis 'horn'
Case Singular Plural
Direct *ʕattis *ʕattēs
Indirect *ʕattey *ʕattim
Genitive *ʕattīs *ʕatte

Verbs

Verbs had an extensive trigger system marked by various binyanim. Verbs also inflected for the tense and subject (the argument in the direct case).

Numerals

Derivational morphology

Syntax