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Revision as of 01:03, 8 July 2016
The Azzanic languages (Tergetian: sa-brìs Azzàinìne) are a family of consonantal-root languages spoken on the Wiebian subcontinent, as well as on a set of islands off of the North Wiebian Sea, including Tergetian and Rozzino. They are descended from Proto-Azzanic (PAzz).
Origin
The Azzanic languages bear the name of the legendary hero Azzàn, reconstructed as *ʔAzzānum, to whom Tergetians and Rozzinians trace their descent.
Phylogeny
- Western Azzanic
- Old Tergetian
- Modern Tergetian
- hyper-Terg?
- Old Tergetian
- Eastern Azzanic
Phylogeny
Phonology
Consonants
Proto-Azzanic is reconstructed with 29 consonants.
| Labial | Linguolabial | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | coarticulated | plain | coarticulated | |||||||||
| Nasal | *m | *n | ||||||||||
| Plosive | plain | *p | *ᵽ | *ṕ | *t | *c | *ŧ | *ṭ | *k | *q | *ʔ | |
| voiced | *b | *ƀ | *b́ | *d | *ʒ | *đ | *ḍ | *g | *ɢ | |||
| Fricative | voiceless | *s | *ś | |||||||||
| voiced | *z | *ź | ||||||||||
| Approximant | *w | *l | *ɹ | *y | ||||||||
| Trill | *ʙ | *r | ||||||||||
Vowels
| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| Close | *i *į | *u *ų |
| Open | *e *ę | *a *ą |
| Diphthongs | *ey *ew *ie | *ay *aw *uo |
Suprasegmentals
Stress fell on the first heavy (CVː or CVC) syllable (the last syllable was disregarded); in the absence of a heavy syllable, the stress fell on the first syllable.
Phonotactics
Morphology
Proto-Azzanic had Philippine alignment as does Rozzino and ʔAškāsīnių. Verb-initial clauses were the norm as in Semitic and Austronesian languages. Primitive Tergetian had changed this alignment into a nominative-accusative system.
Nouns
Nouns and adjectives declined for three cases: direct, indirect and genitive.
| First declension: *kullų 'bird' | ||
|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Direct | *kullų | *kullek |
| Indirect | *kullāk | *kullę |
| Genitive | *kullī | *kullą |
| Second declension: *ripṭuk 'throat' | ||
|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Direct | *ripṭuk | *ripṭāk |
| Indirect | *ripṭaɹ | *ripṭų |
| Genitive | *ripṭūk | *ripṭa |
| Third declension: *ġattik 'horn' | ||
|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Direct | *ġattik | *ġattēk |
| Indirect | *ġatteɹ | *ġattį |
| Genitive | *ġattīk | *ġatte |
Verbs
Verbs had an extensive trigger system marked by various binyanim. Verbs also inflected for the tense and subject (the argument in the direct case).