Verse:Irta/An Indo-Iranian branch: Difference between revisions

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===Orthography===
===Orthography===
===Consonants===
===Consonants===
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;"
|+'''{{PAGENAME}} consonants'''
! colspan="2"|
!Labial
!Dental
!Alveolar
!Palatal
!Velar
!Glottal
|-
! rowspan="2"|Nasal
! | <small>voiceless</small>
|/m̊/
|colspan="2"|/n̊/
|
|
|
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
|/m/
|colspan="2"|/n/
|/ɲ/
|/ŋ/
|
|-
! rowspan="3"|Stop
! | <small>aspirated</small>
|/pʰ/
|/tʰ/
|
|/tɕʰ/
|/kʰ/
|rowspan="3"|/ʔ/
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
|/b/
|/d/
|
|/dʑʰ/
|/g/
|-
! | <small>tense</small>
|/p˭/
|/t˭/
|
|/tɕ˭/
|[k˭]
|-
! rowspan="3"|Fricative
! | <small>voiceless</small>
|/f/
|/θ/
|/s/
|/ʃ/
|/x/
|rowspan="3"|/h/
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
|/v/
|/ð/
|/z/
|
|
|-
! | <small>aspirated</small>
|
|
|/sʰ/
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2"|Approximant
! | <small>voiceless</small>
|/w̥/
|/l̥/
|
|
|
|
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
|/w/
|/l/
|
|/j/
|
|
|}


===Vowels===
===Vowels===

Revision as of 21:06, 26 October 2016

Irta/An Indo-Iranian branch (d'allemañische sprâçe /d‿almeɲis p˭jɔːs/) is a West Germanic language spoken in Lõis's Germany, Switzerland and Austria.

Numbers: ein, ßwei, drî, feaur, finf, sechs, siben, acht, neun, ßehen /ej, swe, dyi, fœj, fiːf, θeː, θəbu, ajt, nyː, sɛwu/

Indefinite article:

  • ein, einß /ej, eːs/ (c.sg., n.sg.)
  • de/d', deß, deu /də, dəs, dy/ (c.sg., n.sg., pl.)

Common nouns: -0/-e, -er

  • de frau, deu frauer /də fjo, dy fjoji/ 'woman'
  • de hrabe, deu hraber /də ʃap, dy ʃabi/ 'raven'

Neuter nouns: -0, -e

  • deß çind, deu çinde /də siːʔ, dy siːt/ 'child'


Irregular nouns:

  • name, namen /nɔm, nɔmu/ 'name'

Adjectives: predicative -0, attributive -e

  • Der ist starc /deː i t˭ajʔ/ 'he is strong'
  • ein starce man /ə t˭ɛːk mɔn/ 'a strong man'

"of": u

Cl = /Cw/?

r = /j/; cr, gr = /tɕ, dʑ/; c, g, ch + front vowel = /s, z, s/; ch = /x/

s = /θ/; ß = /s/; sch = /sʰ/

(sc)hm, (sc)hn, (sc)hl, (sc)hr /m̥, n̥, l̥, ʃ/

  • hlauß /l̥os/ = lot, fate

a = /a/, â = /aʊ/, âr = /aɪ/, au, aun = /o~oʊ/

e = /ɛ/ (/ə/ in unstressed syllables), ê = /aɪ/, eau, eaun = /ø/

eu = /y/

é, en, én = /e~eɪ/

i = /ə/

î, in = /i/

u, un, an = /ɔ/

û = /u/

Final stops become glottal stops after a vowel, vanish otherwise

Verbs:

Infinitive:

  • machen /maxu/

Imperative:

  • 2sg: mache /max/
  • 2pl: machet /max/

Present tense:

  • ich mache /əx max/
  • du maches /du max/
  • der/deu/eß machet /deː max/
  • wir machons /wiː maxu/
  • irleu machet /ily max/
  • deul machent /dyl max/

Past tense:

  • ich ha gemacht /əx hagəmax/
  • du has gemacht /du hak˭əmax/
  • der/deu/eß hat gemacht /deː hak˭əmax/
  • wir hans gemacht /weː hɔŋəmax/
  • irleu hat gemacht /ily hak˭əmax/
  • deul hant gemacht /dyl hɔŋəmax/

Question marker: ist'ß daß = /it˭a/


Introduction

Phonology

Orthography

Consonants

Irta/An Indo-Iranian branch consonants
Labial Dental Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal voiceless /m̊/ /n̊/
voiced /m/ /n/ /ɲ/ /ŋ/
Stop aspirated /pʰ/ /tʰ/ /tɕʰ/ /kʰ/ /ʔ/
voiced /b/ /d/ /dʑʰ/ /g/
tense /p˭/ /t˭/ /tɕ˭/ [k˭]
Fricative voiceless /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /x/ /h/
voiced /v/ /ð/ /z/
aspirated /sʰ/
Approximant voiceless /w̥/ /l̥/
voiced /w/ /l/ /j/

Vowels

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Syntax

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Other resources

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