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btw I should have more clusters in PM since Dry Icelandic (geminates), Myuftseezh (big clusters) and S-Cuatham (clicks) rely on them | btw I should have more clusters in PM since Dry Icelandic (geminates), Myuftseezh (big clusters) and S-Cuatham (clicks) rely on them | ||
</poem> | </poem> | ||
==Phonology== | |||
===Consonants=== | |||
{| class="greentable lightgreenbg" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|+ '''Old Tigal consonants''' | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"| !! Labial !! Alveolar !! Lateral !! Retroflex !! Velar !! Uvular !! Glottal | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="2"|Nasal | |||
!<small>plain</small> | |||
| '''m''' m || '''n''' n || || '''ṇ''' ɳ || '''ŋ''' ŋ || || | |||
|- | |||
!<small>aspirated</small> | |||
| '''mh''' mʰ || '''nh''' nʰ || || '''ṇh''' ɳʰ || '''ŋh''' ŋʰ || || | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="4"|Stop | |||
!<small>tenuis</small> | |||
| '''p''' p || '''t''' t || || '''ṭ''' ʈ || '''k''' k || '''q''' q || | |||
|- | |||
!<small>aspirated</small> | |||
| '''ph''' pʰ || '''th''' tʰ || || '''ṭh''' ʈʰ || '''kh''' kʰ || '''qh''' qʰ || | |||
|- | |||
!<small>voiced</small> | |||
| '''b''' b || '''d''' d || || '''ḍ''' ɖ || '''g''' g || '''ɢ''' ɢ || | |||
|- | |||
!<small>breathy voiced</small> | |||
| '''bh''' bʱ || '''dh''' dʱ || || '''ḍh''' ɖʰ || '''gh''' gʱ || '''ɢh''' ɢʰ || | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="4"|Affricate | |||
!<small>tenuis</small> | |||
| || '''c''' ts || '''ξ''' tɬ || '''c̣''' ʈʂ || || || | |||
|- | |||
!<small>aspirated</small> | |||
| || '''ch''' tsʰ || '''ξh''' tɬʰ || '''c̣h''' ʈʂʰ || || || | |||
|- | |||
!<small>voiced</small> | |||
| || '''dz''' dz || '''λ''' dɮ || '''dẓ''' ɖʐ || || || | |||
|- | |||
!<small>breathy voiced</small> | |||
| || '''dzh''' dzʱ || '''λ''' dɮʱ || '''dẓh''' ɖʐʰ || || || | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="2"|Fricative | |||
!<small>plain</small> | |||
| || '''s''' s || '''σ''' ɬ || '''ṣ''' ʂ || || || '''h''' h | |||
|- | |||
!<small>aspirated</small> | |||
| || '''sh''' sʰ || '''σh''' ɬʰ || '''ṣh''' ʂʰ || || || | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="2"| Liquid | |||
!<small>plain</small> | |||
| || '''l''' l || || '''ḷ''' ɭ || || || | |||
|- | |||
!<small>geminate</small> | |||
| || '''lh''' lʰ || || '''ḷh''' ɭʰ || || || | |||
|} | |||
Revision as of 21:32, 24 November 2016
for proto-s-wiebic:
what about a GVS (əy > ii > ay > əə > aa > ee and əw > uu > au > oo) in open syllables and another vowel shift (ii ee ay əy)(uu oo aw əw) in closed syllables?
iw > iə and uy > uə as i had before
this is still pre-s-wiebic
(inspired by your first draft of zoomic)
consonant shift: actually, should i use grimm's law for this one and keep ejectives for myuftseezh?
- nīmə "water" > naymə
numbers:
sorry
səyḱ'u > /si:c'u/
kʷ'li > *kʷ'lī > /kʷ'laj/
sqā > /sqa:/ (vowel raising shifts blocked after uvulars)
māwi > /me:wi/
payku > /pə:ku/
hə̄ƛix̌ > /ha:tɬiχ/
c̣ʼəthə̄ > /tʂətta:/
pʼaŋud > /p'aŋud/
ḱ'awń > /c'o:n/
xʷqāx̌ṭʼī > xʷqā̌qṭʼī > xʷqāqṭʼī > /xʷqa:qtaj/
kʷʼə̄cʼiw > /kʷ'a:ts'iə/
cʼiw > /ts'iə/
I'll have to do something with laryngeals - but what
maybe they become breathy voice which makes breathy voiced plosives
ha:tɬiχ > ha:tɬə̤ > ha:dɮʰə
(the vowel shift should depend on the laryngeal)
i love the breathy voice idea
btw I should have more clusters in PM since Dry Icelandic (geminates), Myuftseezh (big clusters) and S-Cuatham (clicks) rely on them
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Lateral | Retroflex | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | plain | m m | n n | ṇ ɳ | ŋ ŋ | |||
| aspirated | mh mʰ | nh nʰ | ṇh ɳʰ | ŋh ŋʰ | ||||
| Stop | tenuis | p p | t t | ṭ ʈ | k k | q q | ||
| aspirated | ph pʰ | th tʰ | ṭh ʈʰ | kh kʰ | qh qʰ | |||
| voiced | b b | d d | ḍ ɖ | g g | ɢ ɢ | |||
| breathy voiced | bh bʱ | dh dʱ | ḍh ɖʰ | gh gʱ | ɢh ɢʰ | |||
| Affricate | tenuis | c ts | ξ tɬ | c̣ ʈʂ | ||||
| aspirated | ch tsʰ | ξh tɬʰ | c̣h ʈʂʰ | |||||
| voiced | dz dz | λ dɮ | dẓ ɖʐ | |||||
| breathy voiced | dzh dzʱ | λ dɮʱ | dẓh ɖʐʰ | |||||
| Fricative | plain | s s | σ ɬ | ṣ ʂ | h h | |||
| aspirated | sh sʰ | σh ɬʰ | ṣh ʂʰ | |||||
| Liquid | plain | l l | ḷ ɭ | |||||
| geminate | lh lʰ | ḷh ɭʰ | ||||||