Hadda: Difference between revisions

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!IPA !!Latin !! Simplified Latin !!Marasa !!Arabic !!Ge'ez !!Hebrew !!Notes
!IPA !!Latin !! Simplified Latin !!Marasa !!Arabic !!Ge'ez !!Hebrew !!Notes
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|a || rowspan="2" | A a || rowspan="2" | A a || || || || ||
|a || rowspan="2" | A a || rowspan="2" | A a || || ـَ || ||rowspan="2" | אַ ||
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|aː || || || || || allophone of /a/ in stressed, open syllables
|aː || || ـَا || || allophone of /a/ in stressed, open syllables
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|b || B b || B b || || || || ||
|b || B b || B b || || ب || || ּב ||
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|ɓ || Ɓ ɓ || B' b' || || || || ||
|ɓ || Ɓ ɓ || B' b' || || ڀ || || ב ||
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|c || C c || Ch ch || || || || ||
|c || C c || Ch ch || || چ || || כ׳ ||
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|d || D d || D d || || || || ||
|d || D d || D d || || د || || ּד ||
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|ɗ || Ɗ ɗ || D' d' || || || || ||
|ɗ || Ɗ ɗ || D' d' || || ڟ || || טּ ||
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|ð̞ || rowspan="2" | Đ đ || rowspan="2" | Dh dh || || || || || allophone of /d/ between vowels
|ð̞ || rowspan="2" | Đ đ || rowspan="2" | Dh dh || || rowspan="2" | ذ || || ך || allophone of /d/ between vowels
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|ð || || || || || occurs in loanwords
|ð || || || ךֿ || occurs in loanwords
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|ɛ || rowspan="2" | E e || rowspan="2" | E e || || || || ||
|ɛ || rowspan="2" | E e || rowspan="2" | E e || || ـٖ || rowspan="2" | || rowspan="2" |  אֵ ||
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|ɛː || || || || || allophone of /ɛ/ in stressed, open syllables
|ɛː || || ـٖي || allophone of /ɛ/ in stressed, open syllables
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|f || F f || F f || || || || ||
|f || F f || F f || || ف || || פ ||
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|g || G g || G g || || || || ||
|g || G g || G g || || ڭ || || גּ ||
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|ɠ || Ɠ ɠ || G' g' || || || || ||
|ɠ || Ɠ ɠ || G' g' || || ڮ || || קּ ||
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|ɣ̞ || rowspan="2" | Ɣ ɣ || rowspan="2" | Gh gh || || || || || allophone of /g/ between vowels
|ɣ̞ || rowspan="2" | Ɣ ɣ || rowspan="2" | Gh gh || || ڠ || || ג || allophone of /g/ between vowels
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|ɣ || || || || || occurs in loanwords
|ɣ || || غ || || גֿ || occurs in loanwords
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|gʷ || Gw gw || Gw gw || || || || ||
|gʷ || Gw gw || Gw gw || || ڭو || || גּו ||
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|h || H h || H h || || || || || allophone of /k/ between vowels in non-guttural environment; <br /> occurs in loanwords
|h || H h || H h || || ھ || ኸ, ሀ || ה || allophone of /k/ between vowels in non-guttural environment; <br /> occurs in loanwords
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|ħ || Ħ ħ || X x || || || || ||
|ħ || Ħ ħ || X x || || ح || || ח ||
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|i || rowspan="2" |I i || rowspan="2" | I i || || || || ||
|i || rowspan="2" |I i || rowspan="2" | I i || || ـِ || rowspan="2" | || rowspan="2" | אִ ||  
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|iː || || || || || allophone of /i/ in stressed, open syllables
|iː || || ـِي || allophone of /i/ in stressed, open syllables
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|ɟ || J j || J j || || ج || ጀ || גּ׳ ||
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|ʄ || Ɉ ɉ || J' j' || || ڇ || ጨ || קּ׳ ||
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|k || K k || K k || || ك || ከ || כ ||
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|l || L l || L l || || ل || ለ || ל ||
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|m || M m || M m || || م || መ || מ ||
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|}
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Revision as of 01:38, 6 March 2017

Hadda (Native: ħaɗɗa) is an a priori language inspired by various African languages.

Introduction

Phonology

Orthography

Orthography (under construction)

Hadda orthography
IPA Latin Simplified Latin Marasa Arabic Ge'ez Hebrew Notes
a A a A a ـَ אַ
ـَا allophone of /a/ in stressed, open syllables
b B b B b ب ּב
ɓ Ɓ ɓ B' b' ڀ ב
c C c Ch ch چ כ׳
d D d D d د ּד
ɗ Ɗ ɗ D' d' ڟ טּ
ð̞ Đ đ Dh dh ذ ך allophone of /d/ between vowels
ð ךֿ occurs in loanwords
ɛ E e E e ـٖ אֵ
ɛː ـٖي allophone of /ɛ/ in stressed, open syllables
f F f F f ف פ
g G g G g ڭ גּ
ɠ Ɠ ɠ G' g' ڮ קּ
ɣ̞ Ɣ ɣ Gh gh ڠ ג allophone of /g/ between vowels
ɣ غ גֿ occurs in loanwords
Gw gw Gw gw ڭو גּו
h H h H h ھ ኸ, ሀ ה allophone of /k/ between vowels in non-guttural environment;
occurs in loanwords
ħ Ħ ħ X x ح ח
i I i I i ـِ אִ
ـِي allophone of /i/ in stressed, open syllables
ɟ J j J j ج גּ׳
ʄ Ɉ ɉ J' j' ڇ קּ׳
k K k K k ك כ
l L l L l ل ל
m M m M m م מ

Consonants

Allophones and loanword-exclusive phonemes are enclosed in brackets.

Consonants
Labial Dental/Alveolar Palatal Velar Labiovelar Pharyngeal/Uvular Glottal
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ ŋw /ŋʷ/
Plosive voiceless (p) t c k kw /kʷ/ (q) (ʔ)
voiced b d j /ɟ/ g gw /gʷ/
glottalized ɓ ɗ ɉ /ʄ/ ɠ
Fricative voiceless f s, (ŧ /θ/) (ʃ) (x) (hw /hʷ/) ħ (h)
voiced (v) (z), (đ /ð/) (ɣ)
Approximant voiced (v /β̞/) (đ /ð̝/) y /j/ (ɣ /ɣ̞/) w ʕ
glottalized (ɽ /ʔ͡r/) (ƴ /ʔʲ/) ( /ʔʷ/)
lateral l
Flap (r /ɾ/)

Vowels

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Syntax

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Other resources