Hadda

Hadda (Native: ħaɗɗa) is an a priori language inspired by various African languages.

Phonology

Orthography

Hadda orthography

IPA	Latin	Simplified Latin	Marasa	Arabic	Ge'ez	Hebrew	Notes
a	A a	A a		ـَ	አ	סַ
aː	Aa aa	Aa aa		ـَا	ኣ	סַא
b	B b	B b		ب	በ	ּב
β̞	Ƀ ƀ	B b		ب	ቨ	ב	allophone of /b/ between vowels
ɓ	Ɓ ɓ	B' b'		ڀ	ጰ	קּו
c	C c	Ch ch		چ	ቸ	כ׳
d	D d	D d		د	ደ	ּד
ð̞	Đ đ	D d		ذ	ደ	ך	allophone of /d/ between vowels
ð		Dh dh			ዘ	ךֿ	occurs in loanwords; nativized as /d ~ ð̞/
ɗ	Ɗ ɗ	D' d'		ڟ	ጠ	טּ
ɛ	E e	E e		ـٖ	ኤ	סֵ
ɛː	Ee ee	Ee ee		ـٖي		סֵי
f	F f	F f		ف	ፈ	פ
g	G g	G g		ݣ	ገ	גּ
ɣ̞	Ǥ ǥ	G g		ڠ	ገ	ג	allophone of /g/ between vowels
ʁ	Ɣ ɣ	Gh gh		غ	ኀ	גֿ	occurs in loanwords; nativized as /g ~ ɣ̞/
ɠ	Ɠ ɠ	G' g'		ڨ	ቀ	קּ
gʷ	Gw gw	Gw gw		ڭو	ጐ	גּו
h	H h	H h		ھ	ሀ	ה	allophone of /k/ between vowels in non-guttural environment; phonemic in loanwords (nativized as /ħ/ or /k ~ h/)
hʷ	Hw hw	Hw hw		هو	ዀ	הו	allophone of /kʷ/ between vowels in non-guttural environment
ħ	Ħ ħ	X x		ح	ሐ	ח
χ	X x	Kh kh		خ	ኸ	כֿ	occurs in loanwords; nativized as /k ~ h/ or /ħ/
i	I i	I i		ـِ	ኢ	סִ
iː	Ii ii	Ii ii		ـِي		סִי
ɟ	J j	J j		ج	ጀ	גּ׳
ʄ	Ɉ ɉ	J' j'		ݘ	ጨ	קּ׳
k	K k	K k		ک	ከ	כ
kʷ	Kw kw	Kw kw		کو	ኰ	כו
l	L l	L l		ل	ለ	ל
m	M m	M m		م	መ	מ
n	N n	N n		ن	ነ	נ	ֹ
ɲ	Ɲ ɲ	Ny ny		ݧ	ኘ	נ׳
ŋ	Ŋ ŋ	Ng ng		ݢ	ጘ	נ״
ŋʷ	Ŋw ŋw	Ngw ngw		ڬو	ⶓ	נ״ו
ɔ	O o	O o		ـٗ	ኦ	סֹ
ɔː	O o	O o		ـٗو		סוֹ
p	P p	P p		پ	ፐ	פּ	occurs in loanwords; nativized as /f/ or /b/
q	Q q	Q q		ق	ቀ	קּ	occurs in loanwords; nativized as /ɠ ~ ʔ/ or /k/
ʔ	Ɂ ɂ	'		ٯٔ ، ء	ቐ	ק	allophone of /ɠ/ between vowels
ʕ	Ҁ ҁ	C c		ع	ዐ	ע
ɾ	R r	R r		ر	ረ	ר	allophone of /l/ between vowels; occurs phonemically in loanwords (nativized as /l ~ ɾ/)
rˀ	Ɍ ɍ	R' r'		ݬ	[ጠ]	ט	allophone of /ɗ/ between vowels
s	S s	S s		س	ሰ	ס
ʃ	Σ ʃ	Sh sh		ش	ሸ	ש
t	T t	T t		ت	ተ	ת
θ	Ŧ ŧ	Th th		ث	ሠ	תֿ	occurs in loanwords; nativized as /t/ or /s/
u	U u	U u		ـُ	ኡ	סֻ
uː	Uu uu	Uu uu		ـُو		סוּ
v	V v	V v		ۋ	ቨ	בֿ	occurs in loanwords; nativized as /b ~ β̞ /, /f/, or /w/
w	W w	W w		و	ወ	ו	allophone of /gʷ/ between vowels; phonemic word-initially
ʔʷ	Ⱳ ⱳ	'W 'w		ؤ	ቘ	קו	allophone of /ɓ/ between vowels
j	Y y	Y y		ي	የ	י	allophone of /ɟ/ between vowels; phonemic word-initially
ʔʲ	Ƴ ƴ	'Y 'y		ئ	[ጨ]	ק׳	allophone of /ʄ/ between vowels
z	Z z	Z z		ز	ዘ	ז	occurs in loanwords; nativized as /s/ or /d ~ ð̞/
ʒ	ʒ	Zh zh		ژ	ዠ	ז׳	occurs rarely in loanwords; nativized as /ɟ ~ j/ or /ʃ/

Consonants

Allophones and loanword-exclusive phonemes are enclosed in brackets.

Consonants

		Labial	Dental	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Labiovelar	Uvular	Pharyngeal	Glottal
Nasal		m	n		ɲ	ŋ	ŋʷ
Plosive	voiceless	(p)	t		c	k	kʷ	(q)		(ʔ)
	voiced	b	d		ɟ	g	gʷ
	glottalized	ɓ	ɗ		ʄ	ɠ
Fricative	voiceless	f	(θ)	s	(ʃ)		(hʷ)	(χ)	ħ	(h)
	voiced	(v)	(ð)	(z)				(ʁ)	ʕ
Approximant	plain	(β̞)	(ð̞)	(ɾ) l	j	(ɣ̞)	w
	glottalized			(rˀ)	(ʔʲ)		(ʔʷ)