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|name = {{PAGENAME}}
|name = {{PAGENAME}}
|nativename = ''an Thíogall''
|nativename = ''an Thíogall''
|pronunciation=  [ə ˈɬiːɡ̊ɤᵝˤ]
|pronunciation=  [ə ˈθiːɡ̊ɤᵝˤ]
|region = Talma
|region = Talma
|extinct = 220 v.T.
|extinct = 220 v.T.
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}}
}}


'''{{PAGENAME}}''' ({{PAGENAME}}: ''an Thíogall'' /ə ˈɬiːɡəʟ/ or ''an ŋgáth dTíogall'' /ə ŋa:ɬ ˈdiːɡəʟ/ 'the {{PAGENAME}} language'; English: /ˈtiːgəl/ "teagle") is a [[Talmic languages|Talmic language]] inspired by Irish and German. Tíogall is a pluricentric language (namely, it is an official language in two countries, the peninsular [[Verse:Duínidhe|Duínidhe]] and the larger [[Verse:Neoibhir|Neoibhir]]) and the largest Talmic language in terms of number of speakers. {{PAGENAME}} began as a thought experiment posing the question "What would Irish look like with umlaut instead of palatalization?". Like most modern Talmic languages, {{PAGENAME}} is a descendant of [[Thensarian]]. It is spoken on the west coast of the continent of Cuadhlabh on Hussmauch.
'''{{PAGENAME}}''' ({{PAGENAME}}: ''an Thíogall'' /ə ˈθiːɡəʟ/ or ''an ŋgáth dTíogall'' /ə ŋa:θ ˈdiːɡəʟ/ 'the {{PAGENAME}} language'; English: /ˈtiːgəl/ "teagle") is a [[Talmic languages|Talmic language]] inspired by Irish and German. Tíogall is a pluricentric language (namely, it is an official language in two countries, the peninsular [[Verse:Duínidhe|Duínidhe]] and the larger [[Verse:Neoibhir|Neoibhir]]) and the largest Talmic language in terms of number of speakers. {{PAGENAME}} began as a thought experiment posing the question "What would Irish look like with umlaut instead of palatalization?". Like most modern Talmic languages, {{PAGENAME}} is a descendant of [[Thensarian]]. It is spoken on the west coast of the continent of Cuadhlabh on Hussmauch.


==Todo==
==Todo==
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**energy: ''fáldoise'' /ˈfɑʟˌdœsə/ (f.) [lit. within-work]
**energy: ''fáldoise'' /ˈfɑʟˌdœsə/ (f.) [lit. within-work]
**entropy:  
**entropy:  
**waste heat: ''laidhnói'' [ˈʁɛɮˌnøː] (f.) [lit. away-heat]
**waste heat: ''laidhnói'' [ˈʁɛðˌnøː] (f.) [lit. away-heat]
*Translate Haggadah (as exercise)
*Translate Haggadah (as exercise)
*Affixes:
*Affixes:
Line 96: Line 96:
*/oː uː/ front to /ɵː ʉː/ except before /l/
*/oː uː/ front to /ɵː ʉː/ except before /l/
*/l/ > /ʀ~ʟ/; /r/ > /ɾ~l/
*/l/ > /ʀ~ʟ/; /r/ > /ɾ~l/
*/θ ð/ > /ɬ ɮ/
*Some dialects: /s/ > /ʃ/ before /p t k m n ŋ ʟ ɾ/
*Some dialects: /s/ > /ʃ/ before /p t k m n ŋ ʟ ɾ/


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!<small>unvoiced</small>
!<small>unvoiced</small>
| f  
| f  
| ɬ
| θ
|  
|  
| x || ||
| x || ||
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!<small>voiced</small>
!<small>voiced</small>
| v  
| v  
| ɮ
| ð
|  
|  
| ɣ || ||
| ɣ || ||
Line 212: Line 211:
|/w/||/f/||/v/||/h/
|/w/||/f/||/v/||/h/
|''-''
|''-''
|/ɬ/||/ɮ/||/h/||''silent''
|/θ/||/ð/||/h/||''silent''
|''-''
|''-''
|''-''||/x/, /ʃ/||/ɣ/, /j/
|''-''||/x/, /ʃ/||/ɣ/, /j/
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*/Vʟ/ = [Vɴ] before a consonant
*/Vʟ/ = [Vɴ] before a consonant
*''r'' = [l̆] before a vowel, [l] before a consonant or word-finally
*''r'' = [l̆] before a vowel, [l] before a consonant or word-finally
*/ɬ, ɮ/ = [tɬʰ, dɮ] when not before a plosive
*/θ, ð/ = [tθʰ, dð] when not before a plosive
*No Auslautverhärtung at all (except ''-ig'' and ''-igh'')
*No Auslautverhärtung at all (except ''-ig'' and ''-igh'')
**Word-final ''-ig'' and ''-igh'' pronounced as [-ɪç].
**Word-final ''-ig'' and ''-igh'' pronounced as [-ɪç].
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*''l'' = [ʁ] after a consonant, [ɴ̆] initial/intervocalic
*''l'' = [ʁ] after a consonant, [ɴ̆] initial/intervocalic
**/Vʟ/ = [Ṽ~Vɰ̃]
**/Vʟ/ = [Ṽ~Vɰ̃]
*/ɬ, ɮ/ = [tɬʰ, dɮ] when not before a plosive
*/θ, ð/ = [tθʰ, dð] when not before a plosive
*/tʃ, dʒ/ = [ts~tɕ, dz~dʑ]
*/tʃ, dʒ/ = [ts~tɕ, dz~dʑ]
*/eː, øː/ = [eə, øə]
*/eː, øː/ = [eə, øə]
Line 393: Line 392:


===Códha accent===
===Códha accent===
Códha (/ˈkɵːɮə/, English: /ˈkoʊðə/) is a Duínidhe accent. It is non-lambdic.
Códha (/ˈkɵːðə/, English: /ˈkoʊðə/) is a Duínidhe accent. It is non-lambdic.


*''l'' = [ʁ] after a consonant, just realized as a difference in vowel quality otherwise:
*''l'' = [ʁ] after a consonant, just realized as a difference in vowel quality otherwise:
Line 450: Line 449:
|-
|-
!|1sg possessor
!|1sg possessor
|''ɮoiron''||''ɮoirinnən''
|''ðoiron''||''ðoirinnən''
|-
|-
!|2sg.m possessor
!|2sg.m possessor
|''ɮoirossi''||''ɮoirinnəssi''
|''ðoirossi''||''ðoirinnəssi''
|-
|-
!|2sg.f possessor
!|2sg.f possessor
|''ɮoirossiu''||''ɮoirinnəssiu''
|''ðoirossiu''||''ðoirinnəssiu''
|-
|-
!|3sg.m possessor
!|3sg.m possessor
|''ɮoirotiu''||''ɮoirinniu''
|''ðoirotiu''||''ðoirinniu''
|-
|-
!|3sg.f possessor
!|3sg.f possessor
|''ɮoirotī''||''ɮoirinnī''
|''ðoirotī''||''ðoirinnī''
|-
|-
!|3sg.n possessor
!|3sg.n possessor
|''ɮoirota''||''ɮoirinna''
|''ðoirota''||''ðoirinna''
|-
|-
!|1exc possessor
!|1exc possessor
|''ɮoirosmə''||''ɮoirinnəsmə''
|''ðoirosmə''||''ðoirinnəsmə''
|-
|-
!|1inc possessor
!|1inc possessor
|''ɮoiroswi''||''ɮoirinnəswi''
|''ðoiroswi''||''ðoirinnəswi''
|-
|-
!|2pl possessor
!|2pl possessor
|''ɮoiroka''||''ɮoirinnəka''
|''ðoiroka''||''ðoirinnəka''
|-
|-
!|3pl possessor
!|3pl possessor
|''ɮoirotōr''||''ɮoirinnətōr''
|''ðoirotōr''||''ðoirinnətōr''
|}
|}


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''Dli'' can be used to indicate obligation, as in Irish and Hebrew:
''Dli'' can be used to indicate obligation, as in Irish and Hebrew:
:'''''Dlien k:chéseredh a k:chésen.'''''
:'''''Dlien k:chéseredh a k:chésen.'''''
:[ˈdɾiən ˈçeːsəʀəɬ ə ˈçeːsn̩]
:[ˈdɾiən ˈçeːsəʀəθ ə ˈçeːsn̩]
:on-1SG eat-VN-CONST MO DEF.SG.M food
:on-1SG eat-VN-CONST MO DEF.SG.M food
:''I have to eat the food.''
:''I have to eat the food.''
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{| class="greentable lightgreenbg  " style=" text-align: center;"
{| class="greentable lightgreenbg  " style=" text-align: center;"
|-
|-
!colspan="3" | Future tense of the verb {{abbtip|[ˈʔɪd̥əɬ]|''idedh''}} 'lie in a place'
!colspan="3" | Future tense of the verb {{abbtip|[ˈʔɪd̥əθ]|''idedh''}} 'lie in a place'
|-
|-
!|
!|
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===Numbers===
===Numbers===
*1: ''ciamh'' /tʃiəw/
*1: ''ciamh'' /tʃiəw/
*2: ''tiothar, tioth'' /tiɬəl/
*2: ''tiothar, tioth'' /tiθəl/
*3: ''náidh'' /neːɮ/
*3: ''náidh'' /neːð/
*4: ''daoibh'' /døːv/
*4: ''daoibh'' /døːv/
*5: ''soil'' /sœʀ/
*5: ''soil'' /sœʀ/
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*{{abbtip|/ˈstaːnsə ˈbœɾə ʟɪs/| ''Stánsa boire leis!''}} = Happy Stannsa!
*{{abbtip|/ˈstaːnsə ˈbœɾə ʟɪs/| ''Stánsa boire leis!''}} = Happy Stannsa!
*{{abbtip|/ˈsŋøːˌxɾeː ˈvœɾə ʟɪs/| ''Sŋaoichré bhoire leis!''}} = Happy birthday!
*{{abbtip|/ˈsŋøːˌxɾeː ˈvœɾə ʟɪs/| ''Sŋaoichré bhoire leis!''}} = Happy birthday!
*{{abbtip|/ˈbɪɬəl ˈhyŋaːn ʟɪn/|''Bithir huiŋeán lion.''}} = Nice to meet you.
*{{abbtip|/ˈbɪθəl ˈhyŋaːn ʟɪn/|''Bithir huiŋeán lion.''}} = Nice to meet you.
*{{abbtip|/ˈbeːʟən iəl/|''B'aeillin iar.''}} = I love you.
*{{abbtip|/ˈbeːʟən iəl/|''B'aeillin iar.''}} = I love you.


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|phrase = Kiewlách gré a b:vuołkołn al a :ngúd d'uskech go nale dli ní t:thuov girel édhene, án nyødhín zothlǿng de léhe d'z:ýl go :hespeł f:wún dlú.
|phrase = Kiewlách gré a b:vuołkołn al a :ngúd d'uskech go nale dli ní t:thuov girel édhene, án nyødhín zothlǿng de léhe d'z:ýl go :hespeł f:wún dlú.
|pinyin =  
|pinyin =  
|IPA = [ˈcʰiəwl̠äːx qʷˁeː ə ˈvʊːˁkʰɔːˁn əl̠ ə ˈŋʉ̠ːt ˈtʊs̠kəx kə ˈnal̠ə dɾɪ niː ˈɬɵ̠ːv ˈɡɪʁᵝəl̠ ˈeːɮənə̟ ǀ äːn ˈnyəɮiːn ˈz̠ɔɬl̠øːŋ də ˈl̠eːə ˈdyːl̠ ɡə ˈhɛs̠pɤᵝˁ ˈwʉ̠ːn dɾʉ̠ː]
|IPA = [ˈcʰiəwl̠äːx qʷˁeː ə ˈvʊːˁkʰɔːˁn əl̠ ə ˈŋʉ̠ːt ˈtʊs̠kəx kə ˈnal̠ə dɾɪ niː ˈθɵ̠ːv ˈɡɪʁᵝəl̠ ˈeːðənə̟ ǀ äːn ˈnyəðiːn ˈz̠ɔθl̠øːŋ də ˈl̠eːə ˈdyːl̠ ɡə ˈhɛs̠pɤᵝˁ ˈwʉ̠ːn dɾʉ̠ː]
| morphemes = kiewlách gré-N a-L buołkołn al a-N úd de-L uskech go-L nale dli ní-L tuov gir-el édh-ene, án-L nyødh-ín zothl-ǿng de-L léhe de-L zýl go-L espeł N-fún dl-ú
| morphemes = kiewlách gré-N a-L buołkołn al a-N úd de-L uskech go-L nale dli ní-L tuov gir-el édh-ene, án-L nyødh-ín zothl-ǿng de-L léhe de-L zýl go-L espeł N-fún dl-ú
| gloss = one_time IPF DEF.M.SG north-wind and DEF.F.SG sun COMIT each_other on COMP who from-3PL strong-CMPV, when easily-PST.PART travel-AGT LOC come-VN LOC way COMIT cloak INDEF.M.SG.warm on-3SG
| gloss = one_time IPF DEF.M.SG north-wind and DEF.F.SG sun COMIT each_other on COMP who from-3PL strong-CMPV, when easily-PST.PART travel-AGT LOC come-VN LOC way COMIT cloak INDEF.M.SG.warm on-3SG
Line 937: Line 936:
|phrase = Ieliedhín tythlen ní ngamew édhene zuspín ho ré ngú a b:ván li k:gryntetedh sú hǿn, s'an z:othlǿng ho lá, a :hespeł lizu ho d:dhelvech.
|phrase = Ieliedhín tythlen ní ngamew édhene zuspín ho ré ngú a b:ván li k:gryntetedh sú hǿn, s'an z:othlǿng ho lá, a :hespeł lizu ho d:dhelvech.
|pinyin =  
|pinyin =  
|IPA = [ˈʔiəl̠iəɮiːn ˈtʰʏɬl̠ən niː ˈŋɐməw ˈeːɮənə ˈʐʊs̠piːn hɔ̽ ʁeː ŋʉ̠ː ə väːn l̠ɪ ɢʷˁʏntʰətʰəɬ s̠ʉ̠ː høːn ǀ s̠ən ˈɔɬl̠øːŋ hɔ̽ ˈl̠äː ə ˈhɛs̠pɤᵝˁ l̠ɪz̠ʊ hɔ̽ ˈɮɛl̠vəx]
|IPA = [ˈʔiəl̠iəðiːn ˈtʰʏθl̠ən niː ˈŋɐməw ˈeːðənə ˈʐʊs̠piːn hɔ̽ ʁeː ŋʉ̠ː ə väːn l̠ɪ ɢʷˁʏntʰətʰəθ s̠ʉ̠ː høːn ǀ s̠ən ˈɔθl̠øːŋ hɔ̽ ˈl̠äː ə ˈhɛs̠pɤᵝˁ l̠ɪz̠ʊ hɔ̽ ˈðɛl̠vəx]
| morphemes = ie-liedh-ín tythel-en ní-L ngamew édhene zusp-ín ho-L ré ngú a-L bán li-N k:grynt-et-edh s-ú hǿn so-L an-L z:othlǿng ho-L lá, a-L espeł liz-u ho-L delv-ech
| morphemes = ie-liedh-ín tythel-en ní-L ngamew édhene zusp-ín ho-L ré ngú a-L bán li-N k:grynt-et-edh s-ú hǿn so-L an-L z:othlǿng ho-L lá, a-L espeł liz-u ho-L delv-ech
| gloss = together-come-PST.PART two-DEF.M.PL COMP must strong-CMPV TEL-count_as-PST.PART TO_INFINITIVE be.VN 3SG.M.INDEP DEF-M one REL succeed-FUT-PART to-3SG.M first to DEF.M.SG traveller TO_INFINITIVE make.VN DEF.M.SG cloak POSS-3SG.M TO_INFINITIVE take_off-VN
| gloss = together-come-PST.PART two-DEF.M.PL COMP must strong-CMPV TEL-count_as-PST.PART TO_INFINITIVE be.VN 3SG.M.INDEP DEF-M one REL succeed-FUT-PART to-3SG.M first to DEF.M.SG traveller TO_INFINITIVE make.VN DEF.M.SG cloak POSS-3SG.M TO_INFINITIVE take_off-VN
Line 947: Line 946:
|phrase = Úle ngolín a b:vuołkołn go t:thán li gré conlethu, ach go ngolech al gré ngole ngú, ón al-sngýchtín a :hespeł lizu lu an z:othlǿng dli ngúłdhu.
|phrase = Úle ngolín a b:vuołkołn go t:thán li gré conlethu, ach go ngolech al gré ngole ngú, ón al-sngýchtín a :hespeł lizu lu an z:othlǿng dli ngúłdhu.
|pinyin =  
|pinyin =  
|IPA = [ˈʔʉ̠ːl̠ə ˈŋɔl̠iːn ə ˈvʊːˁkʰɔːˁn gə ˈɬäːn lɪ qʷˁeː ˈkʰɔnl̠əɬʊ ǀ ʔɐx ˈŋɔl̠əx əl̠ qʷˁeː ˈŋɔl̠ə ŋʉ̠ː ǀ ˈɵːn ˈɐl̠s̠ɲyːxtiːn ˈhɛs̠pɤᵝˁ l̠ɪz̠ʊ l̠ʊ ən ˈɔɬl̠øːŋ ə dɾɪ ˈŋʊᵝˁɮʊ]
|IPA = [ˈʔʉ̠ːl̠ə ˈŋɔl̠iːn ə ˈvʊːˁkʰɔːˁn gə ˈθäːn lɪ qʷˁeː ˈkʰɔnl̠əθʊ ǀ ʔɐx ˈŋɔl̠əx əl̠ qʷˁeː ˈŋɔl̠ə ŋʉ̠ː ǀ ˈɵːn ˈɐl̠s̠ɲyːxtiːn ˈhɛs̠pɤᵝˁ l̠ɪz̠ʊ l̠ʊ ən ˈɔθl̠øːŋ ə dɾɪ ˈŋʊᵝˁðʊ]
| morphemes = Úle ngol-ín a buołkłn go-L tán li-N gré conleth-u ach go-L ngol-ech al gré ngol-e ngú ón al-sngýcht-ín a-L espeł liz-u lu an zothlǿng dli ngúłdh-u
| morphemes = Úle ngol-ín a buołkłn go-L tán li-N gré conleth-u ach go-L ngol-ech al gré ngol-e ngú ón al-sngýcht-ín a-L espeł liz-u lu an zothlǿng dli ngúłdh-u
| gloss = now blow-PST.PART DEF.M.SG north_wind COMI all DEF IPFV might-3SG.M, but COMI blow-VN and IPFV blow-IPFV 3SG.M.INDEP more fasten-PST.PART DEF.M.SG cloak POSS-3SG.M ERG DEF.M.SG traveller on body-3SG.M
| gloss = now blow-PST.PART DEF.M.SG north_wind COMI all DEF IPFV might-3SG.M, but COMI blow-VN and IPFV blow-IPFV 3SG.M.INDEP more fasten-PST.PART DEF.M.SG cloak POSS-3SG.M ERG DEF.M.SG traveller on body-3SG.M
Line 967: Line 966:
|phrase = Úle sásefín fýne lu a :ngúd, al k:chéhest delvín a :hespeł lizu lu an z:othlǿng.
|phrase = Úle sásefín fýne lu a :ngúd, al k:chéhest delvín a :hespeł lizu lu an z:othlǿng.
|pinyin =  
|pinyin =  
|IPA = [ˈʔʉ̠ːl̠ə ˈs̠äːs̠əfiːn ˈfyːnə l̠ʊ ə ˈŋʉ̠ːt ǀ əl̠ ˈçeːəst tɛl̠viːn ə ˈhɛs̠pɤᵝˁ ˈl̠ɪz̠ʊ l̠ʊ ən ˈɔɬl̠øːŋ]
|IPA = [ˈʔʉ̠ːl̠ə ˈs̠äːs̠əfiːn ˈfyːnə l̠ʊ ə ˈŋʉ̠ːt ǀ əl̠ ˈçeːəst tɛl̠viːn ə ˈhɛs̠pɤᵝˁ ˈl̠ɪz̠ʊ l̠ʊ ən ˈɔðl̠øːŋ]
| morphemes = úle sásef-ín fýne lu a-N úd al L-céhest delv-ín a-L hespeł liz-u lu an-L zothlǿng
| morphemes = úle sásef-ín fýne lu a-N úd al L-céhest delv-ín a-L hespeł liz-u lu an-L zothlǿng
| gloss = now shine-PST.PART warmth ERG DEF.F.SG sun, and ADV-immediate take_off-PST.PART DEF.M.SG cloak ERG DEF.M.SG traveler
| gloss = now shine-PST.PART warmth ERG DEF.F.SG sun, and ADV-immediate take_off-PST.PART DEF.M.SG cloak ERG DEF.M.SG traveler
Line 977: Line 976:
|phrase = Al anást fách frénín a b:vuołkołn ho g:gholgéhech, ní a :ngúd hí a b:ván :hédhene.
|phrase = Al anást fách frénín a b:vuołkołn ho g:gholgéhech, ní a :ngúd hí a b:ván :hédhene.
|pinyin =  
|pinyin =  
|IPA = [əl̠ əˈnäːs̠t fäːx ˈfʁᵝeːniːn ə ˈvʊːˁkʰɔːˁn hɔ̽ ˈɣɔl̠geːəx ǀ niː ə ˈŋʉ̠ːt hiː ə väːn ˈheːɮənə̟]
|IPA = [əl̠ əˈnäːs̠t fäːx ˈfʁᵝeːniːn ə ˈvʊːˁkʰɔːˁn hɔ̽ ˈɣɔl̠geːəx ǀ niː ə ˈŋʉ̠ːt hiː ə väːn ˈheːðənə̟]
| morphemes = al anást fách frén-ín a-L buołkołn ho-L golgie-ech ní a-N úd hí a-L bán L-édh-ene
| morphemes = al anást fách frén-ín a-L buołkołn ho-L golgie-ech ní a-N úd hí a-L bán L-édh-ene
| gloss = and thus be.PRET obligate-PST.PART DEF.M.SG TO_INFINITIVE confess.VN, COMP DEF.F.SG 3SG.F.INDEP DEF.M.SG one DEF.M.SG-strong-CMPV
| gloss = and thus be.PRET obligate-PST.PART DEF.M.SG TO_INFINITIVE confess.VN, COMP DEF.F.SG 3SG.F.INDEP DEF.M.SG one DEF.M.SG-strong-CMPV
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