User:Frrurtu/Sandbox2: Difference between revisions

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| *'''sh''' /ʃ/<br>*'''zh''' /ʒ/
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| *'''kh''' /x/
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Revision as of 22:47, 27 March 2017

Old Zoki is the reconstructed common ancestor of Zoki and a few closely related languages spoken in Myanmar. It is part of the North Rttirrian branch of the Rttirrian family of languages, and a direct descendant of Proto-North-Rttirrian.

Phonology

Consonants

Old Zoki possessed the following consonants:

Labial Alveolar Palatal-
alveolar
Palatal Velar Retroflex
Nasal *m /m/ *n /n/ *rn /ɳ/
Plosive *p /p/
*b /b/
*t /t/
*d /d/
*k /k/
*g /g/
*rt /ʈ/
*rd /ɖ/
Fricative *f /ɸ/
*v /β/
*s /s/
*z /z/
*sh /ʃ/
*zh /ʒ/
*kh /x/
Approximant *y /j/ *rl /ɭ/
*rr /ɻ/

Vowels

The following vowels were used:

Front Central Back
Short Long Short Long Short Long
High *i /i/ *ī /iː/ *u /u/ *ū /uː/
Mid-high *e /e/ *ē /eː/ *o /o/ *ō /oː/
Low-mid *â /ɔ/ * /ɔː/
Low *a /ä/ *ā /äː/

Grammar

Old Zoki had several verb forms, each giving a different nuance to the concept expressed in the biliteral or triliteral root. These forms are summarized below.

Note that Form V was marginal and only applicable to a handful of verb roots, mostly relating to ______ or ______.

Forms Examples
Form Past Present Future Gerund Meaning Biliteral root: k-b (to stop) Triliteral root: t-j-n (to bother)
I _ō_(e_) _ē_(e_) _ē_(?_) _ē_(?_) to undergo a process emphatically or suddenly kēb – he stops suddenly tējen – he goes crazy
II _ā_(a_) _ā_(a_) _ī_(?_) _ấ_(?_) to undergo a process weakly or gradually kāb – he slows to a halt tājan – he hesitates
III _i_ō(_e) _i_ē(_e) _i_ē(_?) _i_ē(_?) to act on someone/something emphatically or suddenly kibē – he causes to stop suddenly tijēne – he completely disrupts
IV _i_ā(_a) _i_ā(_a) _i_ī(_?) _i_ấ(_?) to act on someone/something weakly or gradually kibā – he drags to a halt tijāna – he annoys
V