Chlouvānem/Morphology: Difference between revisions

Line 377:

===Past Indicative===

In the past indicative, -ah verbs are not distinguished as a conjugation, behaving instead like root verbs. Frequentative verbs in ''-ve(y)-'' are completely regular, but the suffix becomes ''-vi(y)-'', e.g. ''~~mīmīšviyo~~'' "it was frequently seen" vs. present ''mīmīšveyė'' "it is frequently seen".

In the past indicative, -ah verbs are not distinguished as a conjugation, behaving instead like root verbs. Frequentative verbs in ''-ve(y)-'' are completely regular, but the suffix becomes ''-vi(y)-'', e.g. ''mīmīšviyek'' "it was frequently seen" vs. present ''mīmīšveyė'' "it is frequently seen".

Ablauting verbs always have their base grade, except for inverse ablaut roots which use the reduced vowel~~, and plural interior forms~~.

Ablauting verbs always have their base grade, except for inverse ablaut roots which use the reduced vowel.

Exterior forms:

{| class="wikitable"

|-

! rowspan=3 colspan=2 | Person !! colspan =2 | a-root !! colspan =2 | Athematic !! colspan =2 | ~~Ablaut~~

! rowspan=3 colspan=2 | Person !! colspan =2 | a-root !! colspan =2 | Athematic !! colspan =2 | Inverse-ablaut

|-

! colspan=2 | nāmvake "to crush, press" !! colspan=2 | gṇyauke "to give birth; ''int.:'' to be born" !! colspan=2 | ~~mišake~~ "to ~~see~~"

! colspan=2 | nāmvake "to crush, press" !! colspan=2 | gṇyauke "to give birth; ''int.:'' to be born" !! colspan=2 | valde "to open"

|-

! Exterior !! Interior !! Exterior !! Interior !! Exterior !! Interior

|-

! rowspan=3 | Sing. !! 1st

| nāmv'''au''' || nāmv'''irau''' || gṇyāv'''au''' || gṇyāv'''iru''' || ~~miš~~'''au''' || ~~miš~~'''irau'''

| nāmv'''au''' || nāmv'''irau''' || gṇyāv'''au''' || gṇyāv'''iru''' || uld'''au''' || uld'''irau'''

|-

! 2nd

| nāmv'''ei''' || nāmv'''irei''' || gṇyāv'''ei''' || gṇyāv'''irei''' || ~~miš~~'''ei''' || ~~miš~~'''irei'''

| nāmv'''ei''' || nāmv'''irei''' || gṇyāv'''ei''' || gṇyāv'''irei''' || uld'''ei''' || uld'''irei'''

|-

! 3rd

| nāmv'''ek''' || nāmv'''irek''' || gṇyāv'''ek''' || gṇyāv'''irek''' || ~~miš~~'''ek''' || ~~miš~~'''irek'''

| nāmv'''ek''' || nāmv'''irek''' || gṇyāv'''ek''' || gṇyāv'''irek''' || uld'''ek''' || uld'''irek'''

|-

! rowspan=3 | Dual !! 1st

| nāmv'''aram''' || nāmv'''irlam''' || gṇyau'''ram''' || gṇyāv'''irlam''' || ~~miš~~'''aram''' || ~~miš~~'''irlam'''

| nāmv'''aram''' || nāmv'''irlam''' || gṇyau'''ram''' || gṇyāv'''irlam''' || uld'''aram''' || uld'''irlam'''

|-

! 2nd

| nāmv'''ares''' || nāmv'''irles''' || gṇyau'''res''' || gṇyāv'''irles''' || ~~miš~~'''ares''' || ~~miš~~'''irles'''

| nāmv'''ares''' || nāmv'''irles''' || gṇyau'''res''' || gṇyāv'''irles''' || uld'''ares''' || uld'''irles'''

|-

! 3rd

| nāmv'''adat''' || nāmv'''irdat''' || gṇyau'''dat''' || gṇyāv'''irdat''' || ~~miš~~'''adat''' || ~~miš~~'''irdat'''

| nāmv'''adat''' || nāmv'''irdat''' || gṇyau'''dat''' || gṇyāv'''irdat''' || uld'''adat''' || uld'''irdat'''

|-

! rowspan=3 | Pl. !! 1st

| nāmv'''anāja''' || nāmv'''irāja''' || gṇyau'''nāja''' || gṇyāv'''irāja''' || ~~miš~~'''anāja''' || ~~miš~~'''irāja'''

| nāmv'''anāja''' || nāmv'''irāja''' || gṇyau'''nāja''' || gṇyāv'''irāja''' || uld'''anāja''' || uld'''irāja'''

|-

! 2nd

| nāmv'''aneši''' || nāmv'''ireši''' || gṇyau'''neši''' || gṇyāv'''ireši''' || ~~miš~~'''aneši''' || ~~miš~~'''ireši'''

| nāmv'''aneši''' || nāmv'''ireši''' || gṇyau'''neši''' || gṇyāv'''ireši''' || uld'''aneši''' || uld'''ireši'''

|-

! 3rd

| nāmv'''ayivė''' || nāmv'''irivė''' || gṇyau'''yivė''' || gṇyāv'''irivė''' || ~~miš~~'''ayivė''' || ~~miš~~'''irivė'''

| nāmv'''ayivė''' || nāmv'''irivė''' || gṇyau'''yivė''' || gṇyāv'''irivė''' || uld'''ayivė''' || uld'''irivė'''

|}

@@ Line 377: / Line 377: @@
 ===Past Indicative===
-In the past indicative, -ah verbs are not distinguished as a conjugation, behaving instead like root verbs. Frequentative verbs in ''-ve(y)-'' are completely regular, but the suffix becomes ''-vi(y)-'', e.g. ''mīmīšviyo'' "it was frequently seen" vs. present ''mīmīšveyė'' "it is frequently seen".<br/>
+In the past indicative, -ah verbs are not distinguished as a conjugation, behaving instead like root verbs. Frequentative verbs in ''-ve(y)-'' are completely regular, but the suffix becomes ''-vi(y)-'', e.g. ''mīmīšviyek'' "it was frequently seen" vs. present ''mīmīšveyė'' "it is frequently seen".<br/>
-Ablauting verbs always have their base grade, except for inverse ablaut roots which use the reduced vowel, and plural interior forms.
+Ablauting verbs always have their base grade, except for inverse ablaut roots which use the reduced vowel.
 Exterior forms:
 {| class="wikitable"
 |-
-! rowspan=3 colspan=2 | Person !! colspan =2 | a-root !! colspan =2 | Athematic !! colspan =2 | Ablaut
+! rowspan=3 colspan=2 | Person !! colspan =2 | a-root !! colspan =2 | Athematic !! colspan =2 | Inverse-ablaut
 |-
-! colspan=2 | nāmvake <br/><small>"to crush, press"</small> !! colspan=2 | gṇyauke <br/><small>"to give birth; ''int.:'' to be born"</small> !! colspan=2 | mišake <br/><small>"to see"</small>
+! colspan=2 | nāmvake <br/><small>"to crush, press"</small> !! colspan=2 | gṇyauke <br/><small>"to give birth; ''int.:'' to be born"</small> !! colspan=2 | valde <br/><small>"to open"</small>
 |-
 ! <small>Exterior</small> !! <small>Interior</small> !! <small>Exterior</small> !! <small>Interior</small> !! <small>Exterior</small> !! <small>Interior</small>
 |-
 ! rowspan=3 | Sing. !! 1st
-| nāmv'''au''' || nāmv'''irau''' || gṇyāv'''au''' || gṇyāv'''iru''' || miš'''au''' || miš'''irau'''
+| nāmv'''au''' || nāmv'''irau''' || gṇyāv'''au''' || gṇyāv'''iru''' || uld'''au''' || uld'''irau'''
 |-
 ! 2nd
-| nāmv'''ei''' || nāmv'''irei''' || gṇyāv'''ei''' || gṇyāv'''irei''' || miš'''ei''' || miš'''irei'''
+| nāmv'''ei''' || nāmv'''irei''' || gṇyāv'''ei''' || gṇyāv'''irei''' || uld'''ei''' || uld'''irei'''
 |-
 ! 3rd
-| nāmv'''ek''' || nāmv'''irek''' || gṇyāv'''ek''' || gṇyāv'''irek''' || miš'''ek''' || miš'''irek'''
+| nāmv'''ek''' || nāmv'''irek''' || gṇyāv'''ek''' || gṇyāv'''irek''' || uld'''ek''' || uld'''irek'''
 |-
 ! rowspan=3 | Dual !! 1st
-| nāmv'''aram''' || nāmv'''irlam''' || gṇyau'''ram''' || gṇyāv'''irlam''' || miš'''aram''' || miš'''irlam'''
+| nāmv'''aram''' || nāmv'''irlam''' || gṇyau'''ram''' || gṇyāv'''irlam''' || uld'''aram''' || uld'''irlam'''
 |-
 ! 2nd
-| nāmv'''ares''' || nāmv'''irles''' || gṇyau'''res''' || gṇyāv'''irles''' || miš'''ares''' || miš'''irles'''
+| nāmv'''ares''' || nāmv'''irles''' || gṇyau'''res''' || gṇyāv'''irles''' || uld'''ares''' || uld'''irles'''
 |-
 ! 3rd
-| nāmv'''adat''' || nāmv'''irdat''' || gṇyau'''dat''' || gṇyāv'''irdat''' || miš'''adat''' || miš'''irdat'''
+| nāmv'''adat''' || nāmv'''irdat''' || gṇyau'''dat''' || gṇyāv'''irdat''' || uld'''adat''' || uld'''irdat'''
 |-
 ! rowspan=3 | Pl. !! 1st
-| nāmv'''anāja''' || nāmv'''irāja''' || gṇyau'''nāja''' || gṇyāv'''irāja''' || miš'''anāja''' || miš'''irāja'''
+| nāmv'''anāja''' || nāmv'''irāja''' || gṇyau'''nāja''' || gṇyāv'''irāja''' || uld'''anāja''' || uld'''irāja'''
 |-
 ! 2nd
-| nāmv'''aneši''' || nāmv'''ireši''' || gṇyau'''neši''' || gṇyāv'''ireši''' || miš'''aneši''' || miš'''ireši'''
+| nāmv'''aneši''' || nāmv'''ireši''' || gṇyau'''neši''' || gṇyāv'''ireši''' || uld'''aneši''' || uld'''ireši'''
 |-
 ! 3rd
-| nāmv'''ayivė''' || nāmv'''irivė''' || gṇyau'''yivė''' || gṇyāv'''irivė''' || miš'''ayivė''' || miš'''irivė'''
+| nāmv'''ayivė''' || nāmv'''irivė''' || gṇyau'''yivė''' || gṇyāv'''irivė''' || uld'''ayivė''' || uld'''irivė'''
 |}