Chlouvānem/Morphology: Difference between revisions

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* The word ''chlouvānem'' itself is plural-only and irregular; direct and vocative are in ''-em'', but all other cases decline as a standard plural 1h noun (e.g. accusative ''chlouvānānu'', ergative ''chlouvānān'', genitive ''chlouvānumi'');

* ''maila'' “water” does not have a dual form outside of colloquial use (where ''mailion'' is used with the meaning of “two glasses of water”) and has the irregular plural ''mailtiąa''. It declines as a ''singular'' 1h noun, with two exceptions, namely accusative in ''-ąu'' instead of expected *-ahu and genitive in ''-ąi'' instead of expected *-ahi. This plural form is actually common, used when talking about bodies of water in an area, water layers, glasses of water, and a few minor idiomatic uses (e.g. ''taili mailtiahe hilæflulke'', lit. “to arrive by crossing many waters”, meaning “to have had much experience”).

*''hulin'' "woman" has both a regular plural (''hulin''), used in a wider scope (e.g. ''chlouvānumi hulin'' "Chlouvānem women") and an irregular plural (''hilāni'') used in other contexts (e.g. ''nanā hilāni'' "those women there").

* ''hulin'' "woman" has both a regular plural (''hulin''), used in a wider scope (e.g. ''chlouvānumi hulin'' "Chlouvānem women") and an irregular plural (''hilāni'') used in other contexts (e.g. ''nanā hilāni'' "those women there").

* ''resan'' "pig" and ''liken'' "arm" both have irregular plurals with vowel change: ''ryasan'' and ''læcin'' respectively.

* ''ås'' "ford, crossing of a small river" has the stem ''av-'' in all pre-vocalic forms (e.g. plural ''ave'').

* The placename ''Taleiheah'' declines as a 2h noun, as if it ended in ''-eh''.

* ''švas'' "animal (including humans)" pluralizes as ''švai'', as if it were a h-noun; all cases except for direct and vocative are however regular.

* There are some pluralia tantum: ''pārye'' “hair”, ''kāraṇḍhai'' “guts”, ''hamvyenī'' "nursery"<ref>''hamvyenī'' is also the regular plural of ''hamvyoe'' with the meaning "cradle(s)".</ref> and all ethnonyms; also ''agṇyaucai'' “sons and daughters”.

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 * The word ''chlouvānem'' itself is plural-only and irregular; direct and vocative are in ''-em'', but all other cases decline as a standard plural 1h noun (e.g. accusative ''chlouvānānu'', ergative ''chlouvānān'', genitive ''chlouvānumi'');
 * ''maila'' “water” does not have a dual form outside of colloquial use (where ''mailion'' is used with the meaning of “two glasses of water”) and has the irregular plural ''mailtiąa''. It declines as a ''singular'' 1h noun, with two exceptions, namely accusative in ''-ąu'' instead of expected *-ahu and genitive in ''-ąi'' instead of expected *-ahi. This plural form is actually common, used when talking about bodies of water in an area, water layers, glasses of water, and a few minor idiomatic uses (e.g. ''taili mailtiahe hilæflulke'', lit. “to arrive by crossing many waters”, meaning “to have had much experience”).
-*''hulin'' "woman" has both a regular plural (''hulin''), used in a wider scope (e.g. ''chlouvānumi hulin'' "Chlouvānem women") and an irregular plural (''hilāni'') used in other contexts (e.g. ''nanā hilāni'' "those women there").
+* ''hulin'' "woman" has both a regular plural (''hulin''), used in a wider scope (e.g. ''chlouvānumi hulin'' "Chlouvānem women") and an irregular plural (''hilāni'') used in other contexts (e.g. ''nanā hilāni'' "those women there").
 * ''resan'' "pig" and ''liken'' "arm" both have irregular plurals with vowel change: ''ryasan'' and ''læcin'' respectively.
 * ''ås'' "ford, crossing of a small river" has the stem ''av-'' in all pre-vocalic forms (e.g. plural ''ave'').
+* The placename ''Taleiheah'' declines as a 2h noun, as if it ended in ''-eh''.
 * ''švas'' "animal (including humans)" pluralizes as ''švai'', as if it were a h-noun; all cases except for direct and vocative are however regular.
 * There are some pluralia tantum: ''pārye'' “hair”, ''kāraṇḍhai'' “guts”, ''hamvyenī'' "nursery"<ref>''hamvyenī'' is also the regular plural of ''hamvyoe'' with the meaning "cradle(s)".</ref> and all ethnonyms; also ''agṇyaucai'' “sons and daughters”.