Qino: Difference between revisions
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====Class 2: Suffix-derived Verbs==== | ====Class 2: Suffix-derived Verbs==== | ||
When multiple derivational suffixes co-occur, the order is inchoative-causative-middle-passive. | |||
=====Class 2a: ''-am-'' Passive===== | =====Class 2a: ''-am-'' Passive===== | ||
Formed with the suffix ''-am-''. Indicates passive meaning. For intransitive stative verbs, indicates inceptive/inchoative. Follows suffix conjugation. Example: ''sheenami'' "to be given" (< ''sheeni'' "to give"); ''kuslami'' "to become fat" (< ''kusli'' "to be fat"). | Formed with the suffix ''-am-''. Indicates passive meaning. For intransitive stative verbs, indicates inceptive/inchoative. Follows suffix conjugation. Example: ''sheenami'' "to be given" (< ''sheeni'' "to give"); ''kuslami'' "to become fat" (< ''kusli'' "to be fat"). | ||
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Verbs derived with this suffix may have various meanings, sometimes unpredictable. It often indicates that an action affects the subject (middle or reciprocal) or is done for the subject's benefit. Often, the same verb has multiple possible meanings. | Verbs derived with this suffix may have various meanings, sometimes unpredictable. It often indicates that an action affects the subject (middle or reciprocal) or is done for the subject's benefit. Often, the same verb has multiple possible meanings. | ||
:e.g. ''daqi'' "to wash" + ''-at-'' → ''daqati'' "to wash oneself; to wash for one's benefit" | :e.g. ''daqi'' "to wash" + ''-at-'' → ''daqati'' "to wash oneself; to wash for one's benefit" | ||
::''kulussi'' "to make fat" → ''kulussati'' "to make oneself fat; to become fat ( | ::''kulussi'' "to make fat" → ''kulussati'' "to make oneself fat; to become fat (intentionally); to make fat for one's benefit" | ||
=====Class 2d: ''-oow-'' Inchoative===== | =====Class 2d: ''-oow-'' Inchoative===== | ||