Qino: Difference between revisions
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***Masculine with absolutive ending in consonant or short, unstressed vowel: ''-ow'' (with stress maintained) - e.g. ''namka'' → ''námkow'', ''Maxámmad'' → ''Maxámmadow'' | ***Masculine with absolutive ending in consonant or short, unstressed vowel: ''-ow'' (with stress maintained) - e.g. ''namka'' → ''námkow'', ''Maxámmad'' → ''Maxámmadow'' | ||
***Feminine with absolutive ending in consonant or short, unstressed vowel: ''-ey'' (with stress maintained) - e.g. ''shimmirti'' → ''shimírtey'', ''Faadhuma'' → ''Faadhúmey'' | ***Feminine with absolutive ending in consonant or short, unstressed vowel: ''-ey'' (with stress maintained) - e.g. ''shimmirti'' → ''shimírtey'', ''Faadhuma'' → ''Faadhúmey'' | ||
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***Absolutive ending in long and/or stressed vowel: add epenthetic consonant followed by ''-ow/ey''. The epenthetic consonant depends on the final vowel: | ***Absolutive ending in long and/or stressed vowel: add epenthetic consonant followed by ''-ow/ey''. The epenthetic consonant depends on the final vowel: | ||
****''a'': ''-h-'' for masculine, ''-t-'' for feminine | ****''a'': ''-h-'' for masculine, ''-t-'' for feminine | ||
****''e'' or ''i'': ''-y-'' | ****''e'' or ''i'': ''-y-'' | ||
****''o'' or ''u'': ''-w-'' | ****''o'' or ''u'': ''-w-'' | ||
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***Absolutive ending in long and/or stressed vowel: | |||
****''a, e, o'': lengthen final vowel if short and add ''-w/y'' (for masculine/feminine respectively) - e.g. ''makiiná'' → ''makiinaay'' | |||
****''i'': add epenthetic ''-y-'' followed by ''-ow/ey'' | |||
****''u'': add epenthetic ''-w-'' followed by ''-ow/ey'' | |||
**'''Predicative''': Used for predicative nouns. This is not a true case but rather the absolutive fused to the copula. This fusing is optional, and in the present indicative the copula can be dropped entirely. | **'''Predicative''': Used for predicative nouns. This is not a true case but rather the absolutive fused to the copula. This fusing is optional, and in the present indicative the copula can be dropped entirely. | ||
***Absolutive ending in consonant or short, unstressed vowel: ''-e'' (declines as adjective; inchoative: ''-akki''), ''-dha'' (invariant; present only; doesn't affect stress) - e.g. ''Maxámmad'' → ''Maxammade, Maxámmaddha'' | ***Absolutive ending in consonant or short, unstressed vowel: ''-e'' (declines as adjective; inchoative: ''-akki''), ''-dha'' (invariant; present only; doesn't affect stress) - e.g. ''Maxámmad'' → ''Maxammade, Maxámmaddha'' | ||