Qino: Difference between revisions

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====Tense, Aspect, Mood====

'''Notes:'''

*The Class 1 forms ending in a stressed vowel lose the stress when non-final and lengthen the final vowel when used interrogatively - e.g. ''yarká'' "he sees", ''yarka nama'' "person who sees", ''yarkaa?'' "does he see?"

*The Class 1 forms ending in a stressed vowel lose the stress when non-final and lengthen the final vowel when used interrogatively - e.g. ''yarká'' "he sees", ''yarka nama'' "person who sees", ''yarkaa me?'' "does he see?"

=====Simple Tenses=====

======Simple Present======

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--->

=====Compound Tenses=====

=====Converbs=====

Converbs are used for actions that occur simultaneously/subsequently or that make up one verbal meaning. It may occur in the stative or perfect.

The stative converb is used for an action/state that was occurring when another verb occurred, similarly to the present participle in English. It is formed with the suffix ''-aa'' for classes 1 & 2 and ''-ii'' for class 3. Prefix-conjugation verbs additionally take a prefix appropriate to the person being referred to.

:e.g. ''Yardaa ka mana galé.'' "'''Running''', he entered the house."

::''Furanii dhalatté.'' "She was born '''free'''."

The perfect converb is used for an actions that occur subsequently to each other. It is formed with the suffix ''-ee'' for classes 1 & 2 and ''-iishii'' for class 3. Again, prefix-conjugation verbs take the appropriate prefix.

:e.g. ''Yardee ka mana galé.'' "'''Having ran''', he entered the house."

::''Furaniishii xidhanté.'' "'''Having been free''', she was imprisoned."

In many cases, interchanging the two forms does not greatly affect the meaning. This can be seen with the "running" examples above.

===Derivation===

@@ Line 682: / Line 682: @@
 ====Tense, Aspect, Mood====
 '''Notes:'''
-*The Class 1 forms ending in a stressed vowel lose the stress when non-final and lengthen the final vowel when used interrogatively - e.g. ''yarká'' "he sees", ''yarka nama'' "person who sees", ''yarkaa?'' "does he see?"
+*The Class 1 forms ending in a stressed vowel lose the stress when non-final and lengthen the final vowel when used interrogatively - e.g. ''yarká'' "he sees", ''yarka nama'' "person who sees", ''yarkaa me?'' "does he see?"
 <!--*Verbs can be used descriptively before a noun. The indicative is used if the noun is the only argument of the verb. Otherwise, subordinate forms are used (along with the relative particle ''kan'') - e.g. ''ka yarka nama'' "the person who sees", ''kan ku yarko nama'' "the person who sees you", ''kan ka arko nama'' "the person I see".-->
 =====Simple Tenses=====
 ======Simple Present======
@@ Line 728: / Line 729: @@
 --->
 =====Compound Tenses=====
+=====Converbs=====
+Converbs are used for actions that occur simultaneously/subsequently or that make up one verbal meaning. It may occur in the stative or perfect.
+The stative converb is used for an action/state that was occurring when another verb occurred, similarly to the present participle in English. It is formed with the suffix ''-aa'' for classes 1 & 2 and ''-ii'' for class 3. Prefix-conjugation verbs additionally take a prefix appropriate to the person being referred to.
+:e.g. ''<b>Yardaa</b> ka mana galé.'' "'''Running''', he entered the house."
+::''<b>Furanii</b> dhalatté.'' "She was born '''free'''."
+The perfect converb is used for an actions that occur subsequently to each other. It is formed with the suffix ''-ee'' for classes 1 & 2 and ''-iishii'' for class 3. Again, prefix-conjugation verbs take the appropriate prefix.
+:e.g. ''<b>Yardee</b> ka mana galé.'' "'''Having ran''', he entered the house."
+::''<b>Furaniishii</b> xidhanté.'' "'''Having been free''', she was imprisoned."
+In many cases, interchanging the two forms does not greatly affect the meaning. This can be seen with the "running" examples above.
 ===Derivation===