Qlenziêr: Difference between revisions
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===Derivational morphology=== | ===Derivational morphology=== | ||
Compounds are common, as in other "CW-Complex" languages in Etalocin. | Compounds are common, as in other "CW-Complex" languages in Etalocin. The "raddoppiamento sintattico" also operates in compounds, so nouns ending in a vowel will cause the first consonant in the next component noun to geminate: ''túnye'''cc'''ari'' = "bush curtain" (an art form made with plants). | ||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== |
Revision as of 16:28, 11 January 2018
Qlenziêr (verappamil hwenta /veɾappamil hwenta/) is one of the official languages of Verse:Tricin/Dodellia; it is inspired by *t a m i l* and Quenya.
Todo
- Capital of Verapamil = Tiruttazhai; some other place names are Tiruvastalyë, Tiruccómayarnë, Tiruppelvarai, Tiruffárimenwë, Ainulindalë
- herwassallu = oak tree
- vezhailesta = library
- Esalienna (or esalínna) vailíyar teriyum vinívanwë. = We are speaking about love and hate.
- Vunen pizhívalya? = Are you saving it for me?
- Silar esanwenen, silai yezhittor quatanwë. = We love him, therefore we celebrate his inauguration.
- quézhë = foot
- nómazh = face
- eccazh = grass
- teri- = touch
- yezhi- = to enter
- hwenta = language
- -mai = agentive
- quésil = whole
- lailë = world
- ónya- = to use
- írappál = in one way, in the same way
- vini- = to speak
Phonology
Consonants
Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Labiovelar | Glottal | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | ny /ɲ/ | [ŋ] | |||
Plosive | p /p~b/ | t /t~d/ | ty /t͡ɕ~dʑ/ | c /k~g~x/ | qu /kʷ~gʷ/ | ||
Fricative | plain | f /f/ | s /s/ | hy /ç/ | hw /xʷ/ | h /h/ | |
voiced | v /v/ | zh /ʒ/ | |||||
Trill/Flap | r /ɾ~r/ | ||||||
Approximant | w /w/ | l /l/ | y /j/ |
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
short | long | short | long | short | long | |
Close | i /i/ | í /iː/ | u /u~ɯᵝ/ | ú /uː/ | ||
Mid | e /e/ | é /eː/ | [ə] | o /o/ | ó /oː/ | |
Open | a /a/ | á /aː/ |
Diphthongs: ai au /ai au/
- Notes
- /u~ɯᵝ/ is [u] in the first syllable, and [ɯᵝ] otherwise.
Morphology
Nouns
Nouns have 8 inflectional cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, locative, ablative, equative, translative), and have several declensions as in Quenya. The accusative is only used for definite objects, as in Tamil.
Consonant nouns
Nouns ending in -ai also belong to this declension class: -y- is added to the stem when adding a suffix beginning with a vowel, e.g. vezhai 'book (nom.)' > vezhaiyai 'book (gen.)'.
There is also a suffix -(y)um which works like Latin -que.
sain - human | ||
---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | sain | sainnë |
Accusative | sainar | sainnëar, sainneyar |
Genitive | sainai | sainneyai |
Dative | sainen | sainnen |
Locative | sainet | sainnet |
Ablative | sainál | sainneyál |
Equative | sainello | sainnello |
Translative | saincal | sainneccal |
nómazh - face | ||
---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | nómazh | nómazhnë |
Accusative | nómazhar | nómazhnëar, nómazhneyar |
Genitive | nómazhai | nómazhneyai |
Dative | nómazhen | nómazhnen |
Locative | nómazhet | nómazhnet |
Ablative | nómazhál | nómazhneyál |
Equative | nómazhello | nómazhnello |
Translative | nómazhcal | nómazhneccal |
e-nouns
colvë - fruit | ||
---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | colvë | colvenë |
Accusative | colvëar, colveyar | colvenëar, colveneyar |
Genitive | colveyai | colveneyai |
Dative | colven | colvenen |
Locative | colvet | colvenet |
Ablative | colveyál | colveneyál |
Equative | colvello | colvenello |
Translative | colveccal | colveneccal |
i-nouns
érwi - pot | ||
---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | érwi | érwinë |
Accusative | érwier, érwiyar | érwinëar, érwineyar |
Genitive | érwiyai | érwineyai |
Dative | érwien | érwinen |
Locative | érwiet | érwinet |
Ablative | érwiyál | érwineyál |
Equative | érwillo | érwinello |
Translative | érwiccal | érwineccal |
a-nouns
lesta - house | ||
---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | lesta | lestanë |
Accusative | lestar | lestanëar, lestaneyar |
Genitive | lestai | lestaneyai |
Dative | lestan | lestanen |
Locative | lestat | lestanet |
Ablative | lestál | lestaneyál |
Equative | lestallo | lestanello |
Translative | lestaccal | lestaneccal |
u/o-nouns
sallu - tree | ||
---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | sallu | sallunë |
Accusative | sallor | sallunëar, salluneyar |
Genitive | salluvai | salluneyai |
Dative | sallon | sallunen |
Locative | sallut | sallunet |
Ablative | salluvál | salluneyál |
Equative | sallullo | sallunello |
Translative | salluccal | salluneccal |
Pronouns
Qlenziêr is pro-drop.
- I: vun
- you: pal
- this / that / yon: vel / sil / nol (animates: veles / siles / noles)
- we (inc, dual): var
- we (exc): vunnë
- we (inc, >2): varnë
- you: palnë
- these/those: velnë / silnë / nolnë
Possessive suffixes
Possessive suffixes are placed after the plural suffix and before the case suffix.
- 1ex.sg: -(i)nyë, 1ex.pl: -rmë
- 1in: -(v/y)óm
- 2.sg: -(i)llë, 2.pl: -lmë
- 3: -(i)nna
Verbs
There is a negative suffix, -li-.
Verbal nouns use the suffix -ttu.
Tense suffixes
- -0: timeless
- -ːva-: present
- -ri-: past
- -tti-: future
Personal suffixes
Personal suffixes | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | ||
1 | -n | -nwë | |
2 | -l | -lwë | |
3.an | -tu | -tai | |
3.inan | -r |
Clausal suffixes
- -um: "and"
- -ssë: "if"
- -lassë or -lasset: "when"
- -nen: "because"
- -(y)án: but
Discourse
- -ya: interrogative
Numbers
1: i / ír / íres 2: cai / cais 3: min / mínes 4: tan / tánes 5: mar / máres 6: si / sís 7: atu / átus 8: son / sonno / sónnos 9: ostya / óstyas 10: mun / múnyë / múnyes 11: hal / haltë / haltes 12: iruccu 13: iruccíres 14: iruccuvéres 15: iruccumínes ... 24: caiccu 36: minuccu 48: tanuccu 60: maruccu 72: siyuccu 84: atuccu 96: sonnuccu 108: ostyaccu 120: múnyeccu 132: halteccu 144: rúya
Derivational morphology
Compounds are common, as in other "CW-Complex" languages in Etalocin. The "raddoppiamento sintattico" also operates in compounds, so nouns ending in a vowel will cause the first consonant in the next component noun to geminate: túnyeccari = "bush curtain" (an art form made with plants).
Syntax
Verapamil is completely head-final.
Tower of Babel
1. Sillassë, quésil lailet ír hwentar ónyariyum írappál viniritai.
At that time, people in the whole world used the same language and spoke in the same way.
Babel = Pavel or Pavil