Verse:Irta/Judeo-Mandarin/Sketchbook

Use yud dagesh for ģ? (TibH yud was /J/ when geminated)

change th to h unless result of lenition of t

An Yidis Hebrew can treat yud like a begadkefat consonant in Western Ăn Yidiș

Habitual bi?

ç ģ should be טש תּש

Get rid of initial f (and initial p leniting to f -- can get away with this since initial p is rare in Irish) in Pre-Proto-Ăn Yidiș? or use פ with a superscript ף specifically for the /f/ pronunciation

Should have more dvandva compounds than Yiddish (an Ăn Yidiș-internal innovation)

rederive new verbal nouns from older verbal nouns which are now analyzed as just verbs? (new enough verbs are no longer borrowed as verbal nouns)

maysrăl 'to master' -> maysrăl-ăf 'mastering a skill etc.'

mesdăr 'to master (music production)' -> mesdărăf 'mastering'

Greekify ņ? Respell ț ç ģ as digraphs in the Hebrew orthography?

Slender lenis r should be r

Segol should be ea in some very old Hebrew loans (mealăch 'king', from */mE:lEx/). Also some cases of tsade reflexing as Proto-Ăn Yidiș /c/, reflecting PSem *D and *Z, e.g. חמץ chomiç

Change conjunctive șe/și to e/i

Accusative marking based on animacy rather than definiteness?

Make "of" t(h)ăģ/t(h)ăg, tagum, tagăd, ... (from *a tá ag 'that is at', cf. Hebrew shel 'that is to')

should be a bit more of a post-Talmud Jewish Aramaic relex

Old genitive functions as definite accusative (articles ăn+L (same rules as feminine nom sg article), nă h-, năn/năm) but ăģ still used for possession? (retaining gender makes more sense that way)

• Hebrew zero ending nouns get -ă
• don't worry about Hebrew feminine nouns in f sg gen bc it's clear they are gen sg (e.g. Bhă mi ă leyn nă Tură)

řth is pronounced ș, should they have a spelling reform?

change relative of the auxiliary תּאָ to to א ה- ă h-?

What should the Ăn Yidiș dreidel letters be and what Hebrew mnemonic phrase should they use?

me, tü -> mi, ti

avoid "șua"

vn ending -adh should become -ăg? (-achadh > -ăch)

șe ăr sgoth șin: 'that's why'

h should be he or he mappiq in native words

Qamatz should reduce in unstressed syllables even in native vocab

Bey af șu ney doł șechăd = This too shall pass.

nă Fyoghăn h-Orsi = the Great Old Ones

Chalk up șu X = this is X (like Gàidhlig seo X) to Hebrew influence

To nă ŗołtăn in oț = The stars are right (in place)

chet in Heb loans = χ (Ăn Yidiș Hebrew should have final /h/ pronounced)

Geresh is ׳

Rafe is ֿ

Gàidhlig -chadh VNs correspond to ĂnY -ch

Final aspirated stops realized as gemination (cf. Estonian): אָז oz [odz~ots] 'then' vs אָץ oț [ots:] 'place'

Update Hebrew script examples

Add ņ in the same places where Gàidhlig has slender nn; e.g. madiņ ~ madainn 'morning'

Hebrew m-, s-, ș- words should be masculine? Or just get rid of gender, șe/și/șin, make mutation lexical like Eevo? (Modern Secular ĂnY) A minimal set: fer [fɛɻ] 'man', fear [feːɻ~feəɻ] 'grass', fier [fiəɻ] 'to bend', fir [fɪɻ] 'very', fuar [fʊəɻ] 'cold'

șu/șin/șud can be used by themselves as pronouns: טע שין De șin? (< *ciod é sin) 'What's that?'

In "X is-the Y" type sentences cu 'who' and de 'what' can be used by itself: Cu tüsă? 'Who are you? (Identify yourself.)' (expecting an answer that is a definite noun) but to make other iș-sentences into questions you have to use deș: Deș efșăr lum ă zhean bichlál? 'What can I even do?'

sr' > șr (dial. stŗ or ștŗ)

Oy vey <- Nithish wė <- *wai?

Should have less vowel reduction in both native and Hebrew vocab? facłuŗ instead of facłăŗ, șvü'us for Shavuot instead of șvües

Should have a Scottish Gaelic bias in vocab

How to say "daloy"

Fix (later) Hebrew loans

ü from Old Irish ú and other sources

Sound laws (IFDY Ăn Yidiș):

• ŗeł > ŗoł
• eal > 'ăł
  • בּייאל'אך byăłăch 'path'
• ann eann ionn onn unn > on jon ien oan uan (same for -ll and -rr)
• ainn einn inn oinn uinn > eyn eyn in in in
• aidh eidh idh oidh uidh > ay ey i ăy i
• yü > yi (Yüd- is still used in some dialects)

ק ט used for native g d

Semantic drifts

T' ănd iesg byu ă snov inș ănd ișģă = The living fish swims in the water

Compounds later than Proto-Ăn Yidiș are head-initial

și c̦ertüs, și c̦ertüs ă t' orăt o-toaŗ 'Justice, justice you must pursue' (צֶדֶק צֶדֶק תִּרְדֹּף)