Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Introduction
Phonology
Orthography
Consonants
| Labial | Coronal | Dorsal | Laryngeal | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Laminal | Apical | Sublaminal | ||||||||||
| Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Postpalatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | ||||
| Nasal | *m | *n | *ɳ | *ɲ | *ŋ | *ɴ | ||||||
| Plosive | Voiceless | Ejective | *pʼ | *tʼ | *tsʼ | *tɬʼ | *tʃʼ | *tɕʼ | *kʼ | *qʼ | *ʡ | *ʔ |
| Aspirated | *pʰ | *tʰ | *tsʰ | *tɬʰ | *tʃʰ | *tɕʰ | *kʰ | *qʰ | ||||
| Voiced | Plain | *b | *d | *dz | *dɮ | *dʒ | *dʑ | *g | *ɢ | |||
| Murmured | *bʱ | *dʱ | *dzʱ | *dɮʱ | *dʒʱ | *dʑʱ | *gʱ | *ɢʱ | ||||
| Fricative | Voiceless | *f | *θ | *s | *ɬ | *ʃ | *ɕ | *x | *χ | *ħ | *h | |
| Voiced | *v | *ð | *z | *ɮ | *ʒ | *ʑ | *ɣ | *ʁ | *ʕ | *ɦ | ||
| Liquid | Rhotic | *ʙ | *ɹ | *ɻ | *r | *ʀ | *ʢ | |||||
| Lateral | *l | *ɭ | *ʎ | *ʟ | ||||||||
| Click | *(ʘ) | *ǀ | *ǃ | *ǁ | *ǂ | *(qǂ) | ||||||
Approximants
| Labial | Palatal | Velar | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Labial | *ʋ | *ɥ | *w |
| Palatal | *ɥ | *j | *ɧ |
| Velar | *w | *ɧ | *ɰ |
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Short | Long | Short | Long | Short | Long | |
| High | *i | *iː | *ɨ | *ɨː | *u | *uː |
| Mid | *e | *eː | *ə | *əː | *o | *oː |
| Low | *a | *aː | *ɐ | *ɐː | *ɑ | *ɑː |