Middle Wiebian

Middle Wiebian
Wieb-Muts
Created by	IlL
Language family	Quihum Pfeunic Wiebian Middle Wiebian
Language codes
ISO 639-3	qwb

Sound changes

AW: ie /i/ üh /y/ uh /u/ i /ɪ/ ü /ʏ/ u /ʊ/ e /ɛ/ ö /œ/ o /ɔ/ a /æ/ ei /ä/ ah /ɒ/ au /æʊ/ eu /ɔɪ/ eh /ɛɪ/ öh /œʏ/ oh /ɔʊ/ ir /iɻ/ ür /yɻ/ ur /uɻ/ er /ɛɻ/ ör /œɻ/ or /ɔɻ/ ar /äɻ/

æ, ä, ɒ, ij, y, u, ɪ, ʏ, ʊ, ɛ, œ, ɔ, æʊ, ɔɪ, ɛɪ, œʏ, ɔʊ, iɻ, yɻ, uɻ, ɛɻ/œɻ, ɔɻ, äɻ

> jæ, æ, ɑ, ji, ju, u, jej, jə, wə, jə, ə, ə, jau, ai, jai, jwe, au, jia, ia, we, jow, ow, ɑ

o > wa, u > wo / _{t, n, l}

Resultant vowel system: æ, ɑ, i, u, e, we, ə, wə, ow, ia, wa

wahm > vɑm, djih (B), nɑk, g!jɑf, zel, stum, rut, ljowts, pɑp, kjia

Phonology

Initials

Middle Wiebian initials

		Labial	Coronal	Coarticulated	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	voiceless	/m̊/	/n̊/	/ŋ̊!/	(/ŋ̊/)
	voiced	/m/	/n/	/ŋ!/	/ŋ/
Stop	tenuis	/p/	/t/	/!/	/k/	/ʔ/
	aspirated	/pʰ/	/tʰ/	/!ʰ/	/kʰ/
	voiced	/b/	/d/	/g!/	/g/
	breathy voiced	/bʱ/	/dʱ/	/g!ʱ/	/gʱ/
Fricative	voiceless	/f/	/s/	/ɧ/	/x/	/h/
	voiced		/z/	/ɧ̬/	/ɣ/
Trill			/r/
Approximant		/w/, /ɥ/	/l/		/j/

broad ŧ is postvelar /k̠ǃ/ while slender ŧ is prevelar /k̟ǃ/

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
Close	/ʲi/ /ʲiː/ /ʲʷi/ /ʲʷiː/		/(ʷ)u/ /(ʷ)uː/
Close-mid	/ʲe/ /ʲeː/ /ʷeː/ /ʲʷe/ /ʲʷeː/		/ɤ/ /ɤː/ /ʷo/ /ʷoː/
Open		/ʲa/ /aː/ /ʲaː/ /ʷa/ /ʲʷa/

Diphthongs: /ʲia ʲʷia ua/ written <ir ibhir ur>

Finals

Permissible finals: /-p -t -k -m -n -l -w -j/

Suprasegmentals

Each syllable could have two registers: plain (a á) and breathy (à â).

Grammar

Mutations

(lenition, eclipsis, retroflexion)

• p: f b
• b: v m
• m: w m
• f: h v
• v: ʔ v
• t: þ d ʈ
• d: ð n ɖ
• n: n n ɳ
• s: h z ʂ
• z: ʔ z ʐ
• ts: s dz tʂ
• dz: z dz dʐ
• l: l w, ɭ
• ʈ: ʂ ɖ
• ɖ: ʐ ɳ
• ʂ: h ʐ
• ʐ: ʐ ʐ
• !: ! g! !!
• g!: g! ŋ! g!!
• k: x g
• g: ɣ ŋ
• ʔ: ʔ n ʔ
• j: j ɳ j

Tenses

• Present: is V S O, negation má V is S O
• Past: do-L V S O, negation mádh-L V S O