Solerian

Solerian
Sol·eя
Pronunciation	[/solˈeɹ/]
Created by	Newrhotic
Native speakers	None (2013)
Sources	a priori
Language codes
ISO 639-3	-

Sol·eя, /solˈeɹ/, (romanized as Soler) or Solerian is a highly alveolarized language, with a moderately large consonant inventory, and 15 grammatical cases. It is spoken by no one as it is still under construction and, for the same reasons, it has no native speakers. Its origin traces back to January 2013 and it still has a long way to go. Its bigger peculiarity might be the presence of speech function markers (statement/question/command/offer/irony) realized by click consonants.

Overview

	Gender	Cases	Numbers	Tenses	Persons	Moods	Voices	Aspects
Verb	No	No	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes
Nouns	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Adjectives	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Numbers	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Participles	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Adverb	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Pronouns	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	No
Adpositions	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Article	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	No	No	No
Particle	No	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	No	No

Phonology

Consonants and semi-vowels

	Bilabial	Labio-dental	Dental	Alveolar	Post-alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Glottal	Labio-velar	Lateral
Nasal	m			n		ɲ
Plosive	p · b			t · d		tʃ	k · g		ʔ
Fricative		f · v	θ	s	ʃ	ʝ		χ	h
Approximant				ɹ		j				w
Trill				r				ʀ
Flap or tap				ɾ
Lateral app.				l
Clicks	ʘ		ǀ	ǃ		ǂ					ǁ

Phonetic notes

The phonemes /b/, /d/, and /ɡ/ are realized as approximants (namely [β̞, ð̞, ɣ̞], hereafter represented without the undertack) or fricatives in all places except after a pause, after a nasal consonant, or —in the case of /d/— after a lateral consonant; in such contexts they are realized as voiced stops.

The phoneme /n/ is realized as a voiced velar nasal [ŋ] before velar /k/, /g/ or uvular /χ/, /ʀ/.

Vowels

Short vowels

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i		u
Mid	e̞		o̞
Open-mid	ɛ	ə
Open		ä

Dipthongs

Falling
[äj]	€€	'€'	[äw]	€€	'€'
[e̞j]	€€	'€'	[e̞w]	€€	'€'
[o̞j]	€€	'€'	[o̞w]	€	'€'
[uj]	€€	'€'
Rising
[jä]	€€	'€'	[wä]	€€	'€'
[je̞]	€€	'€'	[we̞]	€€	'€'
			[wi]	€€	'€'
[jo̞]	€€	'€'	[wo̞]	€€	'€'
[ju]	€€	'€'

Hiatus

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Phonotactics

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Orthography

Grapheme	Name	Pronunciation	Further information
A, a	A	[ä]	-
Æ, æ	Æß	[ɛ]	Only used in femenine gendered nouns
B, b	Bej	[b]	-
C, c	Cej	[tʃ]
D, d	Dej	[d]	-
E, e	E	[e̞]	-
F, f	Fej	[f]	-
G, g	Gej	[g]	-
H, h	Hej	[h]	-
I, i	I	[i]	-
J, j	Jaw	[j]	Semi-vowel
K, k	Kaw	[k]	-
L, l	Lej	[l]	-
M, m	Mej	[m]	-
N, n	Naw	[n]	-
И, и	Иaw	[n]	-
O, o	O	[o̞]	-
Œ, œ	Œß	[ə]	Only used in masculine gendered nouns
P, p	Paw	[p]	-
R, r	Riaw	[r]	Trilled
Ꝛ, ꝛ	Eꝛaw	[ɾ]	Flapped/Tapped
Я, я	Яaw	[ɹ]	Rhotic
Ʀ, ʀ	Ʀaw	[ʀ]	Uvular
S, s	Sej	[s]	-
ẞ, ß	ẞaw	[∫]	-
T, t	Taw	[t]	-
U, u	U	[u]	-
V, v	Vej	[v]	-
W, w	Wej	[w]	Semi-vowel
X, x	Xej	[χ]	-
Y, y	Yej	[ʝ]	-
Z, z	Zej	[θ]	-
※	Pan	[ʘ]	Statement marker (emphatic)
?	Klon	[!]	Question marker
!	Ten	[ǀ]	Command marker
§	Cen	[ǁ]	Suggestion marker
⸮	Ken	[ǂ]	Irony marker

Grammar

Gender and number

Nouns in Solerian can be abstract, inanimate, or animate.

• Abstract gender englobes ideas, actions or abstractions: race, jump, freedom.
• Inanimate gender refers to tangible non-living beings: stone, sun, window.
• Animate gender unites living beings: bird, person, doctor.
  • Although it is not required, sex can be specified by adding to the noun the suffix -œ for masculine, and -æ for femenine nouns.

Regarding number, there are three categories nouns can fall in:

• Singular, portraying only one entity: The car, a cat.
• Dual, for natural pairs: eyes, the couple, a pair of trousers.
• Plural, for two or more entities: 'The cars', four women.

Personal pronouns

Singular personal pronouns

	Abstract	Inanimate	Animate
			Unspecified	Sex
				Masculine	Femenine
Zero person	Lo	-	-	-	-
First person	-	-	Ale	Alœ	Alæ
Second person	-	-	Bale	Balœ	Balæ
Third person	Calo	Cali	Cale	Calœ	Calæ
Fourth person	-	-	Dale	-	-

Dual personal pronouns

	Abstract	Inanimate	Animate
First person	-	-	Alele
Second person	-	-	Balele
Third person	Calolo	Calili	Calele

Plural personal pronouns

		Abstract	Inanimate	Animate
First person	Exclusive	-	-	Aleßu
	Inclusive	-	-	Abaleßu
Second person		-	-	Baleßu
Third person		Caloßu	Calißu	Caleßu

Numerals

Solerial numeral system is heavily decimal. Numbers are arranged in sets:

• Pom: numbers from 0 to 9.
• Daki: sets of ten, or denaries (all the x*10 numbers).
• Fentu: sets of hundred (all the x*10^2 numbers).
• Иare: sets of thousand (all the x*10^3 numbers).
• Xusti: sets of million (all the x*10^6 numbers).
• Яaze: sets of trillion (all the x*10^12 numbers).

Pom numbers	Cardinals	Ordinals	Daki numbers	Cardinals	Ordinals	Fentu numbers	Cardinals	Ordinals
0	ʀajni	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
1	tꝛepye(pom)		10	tꝛepyedaki		100	tꝛepyefentu
2	ganse(pom)		20	gansedaki		200	gansefentu
3	likli(pom)		30	liklidaki		300	liklifentu
4	flastez(pom)		40	flastezdaki		400	flastezfentu
5	bostaꝛ(pom)		50	bostaꝛdaki		500	bostaꝛfentu
6	kortet(pom)		60	kortetaki		600	kortetfentu
7	иusi(pom)		70	иusidaki		700	иusifentu
8	lolto(pom)		80	loltodaki		800	loltofentu
9	nwarif(pom)		90	nwarifdaki		900	nwarifentu

Иare numbers	Cardinals	Ordinals	Xusti numbers	Cardinals	Ordinals	Яaze numbers	Cardinals	Ordinals
1	tꝛepyeиare		10	tꝛepyexusti		100	tꝛepyeяaze
2	ganseиare		20	gansexusti		200	ganseяaze
3	likliиare		30	liklixusti		300	likliяaze
4	flastesиare		40	flasteßusti		400	flastezяaze
5	bostaꝛиare		50	bostaꝛxusti		500	bostaяaze
6	kortetиare		60	kortetxusti		600	kortetяaze
7	иusiиare		70	иusixusti		700	иusiяaze
8	loltoиare		80	loltoxusti		800	loltoяaze
9	nwarifиare		90	nwarifxusti		900	nwarifяaze

Morphology

Grammatical cases

Case (particle)	Usage	Sol·eя	English
Nominative (·aя)	agent
Accusative (·iя)	patient
Dative (·uя)	recipient
Genitive (·eя)	relationship, possession
Benefactive (·oя)	beneficiary
Instrumental (·ax)	instrument
Privative (·ix)	lacking something
Essive-Modal (·ux)	manner of doing something
Commitative (·ex)	accompanied by sth/sb
Causal-final (·ox)	efficient or final cause
Ablative (·af)	movement away from something
Lative (·if)	movement to something
Locative (·uf)	location
Partitive (·ef)	used for amounts
Temporal (·of)	specifying a time

Syntax

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