Niemish
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| Niemish | |
|---|---|
| Nimsk | |
| Pronunciation | [/nʲimsk/] |
| Created by | User:Tardigrade |
| Date | 2015 |
| Official status | |
Official language in | Niemgard |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | qnm |
| BRCL | grey |
Niemish (Nimsk) is an East Germanic language descended from Gothic, the oldest Germanic language with a sizeable text corpus. The name originated from Proto-Slavic *němĭcĭ, an exonym given by speakers of Slavic languages to Germanic speakers. Niemish has undergone extensive influence by Slavic languages and is a member of the Balkan sprachbund, having such features as suffixed definite articles and deriving the future tense from present subjunctive. There is also considerable influence from languages such as Turkish, Hungarian, Greek, Latin and Romance languages.
Scripts
Alphabet and Pronunciation
The Niemish alphabet consists of 33 letters.
| Majuscule forms (also called uppercase or capital letters) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | Ą | Ä | Ą̈ | B | C* | D | E | Ę | F | G | H | I | Į | J | K | L | M | N | O | Ǫ | (Q) | P | R | S | T | U | Ų | (V) | W | X | Y | Z |
| Minuscule forms (also called lowercase) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| a | ą | ä | ą̈ | b | c* | d | e | ę | f | g | h | i | į | j | k | l | m | n | o | ǫ | (q) | p | r | s | t | u | ų | (v) | w | x | y | z |
| IPA values | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| /a~aː/ | /ã~ãː/ | /ɛ~eː/ | /ɛ̃~ẽː/ | /b~bʲ/ | /k/ʦʲ/ | /d~dʲ/ | /ɛ~eː/ | /ɛ̃~ẽː/ | /f~fʲ/ | /g~gʲ/ | /h/ | /ɪ~iː/ | /ɪ̃~ĩː/ | /j/ | /k~kʲ/ | /l~lʲ/ | /m~mʲ/ | /n~nʲ/ | /ɔ~oː/ | /ɔ̃~õː/ | /(q)/ | /p~pʲ/ | /ɾ~ɾʲ/ | /s~sʲ/ | /t~tʲ/ | /ʊ~uː/ | /ʊ̃~ũː/ | /v~vʲ/ | /w~vʲ/ | /ks/ | /ɨ~ɨː/ | /z~zʲ/ |
The acute and grave accent can respectively mark stressed short vowels and stressed long vowels (or diphthongs). However, these are generally not used except in dictionaries for clarity. In addition, Niemish orthography uses five digraphs ⟨Ch, Cz, Ph, Sz, Th⟩ and two trigraphs ⟨Dsz, Zsz⟩; these function as sequences of two letters for collation purposes. The letters ⟨C⟩ (outside the digraphs ⟨Ch, Cz⟩), ⟨Q⟩ and ⟨V⟩ (and the non-palatalised phonetic value of ⟨V⟩) only appear in loanwords, as do the digraphs ⟨Ph, Th⟩ and the trigraph ⟨Dsz⟩.