単亜語/Bopomofo

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First come initials. Each four rows are 1) voiced stop 2) aspirated stop 3) nasal 4) liquid

ø
ㄙ*

*ㄙ changes to ㄒ before y, w, and i. ㄅㄉ ㄆㄊ ㄇㄋ ㄈㄌ

  • Foreign words only: ㄈ=f, ㄪ=v ㄫ=ŋ, ㄖ=r, and ㄦ=rr.
  • Never used: ㄓ, ㄔ, ㄕ, ㄩ, ㄗ, and ㄘ.

Then come "finals". Some of these are "creative" bopomofo. Apologies.

ø -i -u -p -t -k -m -n
a ㄚㄧ ㄚㄨ ㄚㄆ ㄚㄊ ㄚㄎ ㄚㄇ ㄚㄋ ㄚㄥ
e ㄝㄧ No ㄝㄆ ㄝㄊ ㄝㄎ ㄝㄇ ㄝㄋ ㄝㄥ
u ㄨㄧ ㄨㄩ ㄨㄆ ㄨㄊ ㄨㄎ ㄨㄇ ㄨㄋ ㄨㄥ
i ㄧㄩ No ㄧㄆ ㄧㄊ ㄧㄎ ㄧㄇ ㄧㄋ ㄧㄥ
o ㄛㄧ ㄛㄨ ㄛㄆ ㄛㄊ ㄛㄎ ㄛㄇ ㄛㄋ ㄛㄥ

and the epenthetic syllables with ㄩ

  • w on-glide may not have a w off-glide, except ㄨㄚㄨ
  • w on-glide may not go with an initial 両唇音 (ㄅ, ㄆ, or ㄇ)
  • No E-vowel may have a w off-glide
  • y on-glide may not have a y off-glide, except for 軟口蓋音 (ㄍ, ㄎ, ø, ㄏ) + a/e and ㄒㄧㄩ
  • ㄅ and ㄆ may not have a y or w on-glide, except for the ㄉㄨㄚ-series
  • ㄐ and ㄑ may not have a y or w on-glide, except for the ㄐㄨㄚ and ㄐㄨㄝ-series
  • ㄋ and ㄌ may not have a w on-glide


Many, many examples with final -p,-t,-k,-n,-m,-ng do not exist, but are not technically forbidden, and are indicated with light grey. On the following table, black indicates a natural gap, whereas dark grey indicates a forbidden gap. There is are two syllables that doesn't fit on this chart: ㄨㄧㄥ and ㄨㄧㄎ (one could imagine ㄨㄧㄩ, ㄨㄧㄊ, ㄨㄧㄆ, and ㄨㄧㄋ; but they do not occur).

両唇音 歯茎音 硬口蓋音 軟口蓋音
coda ø ø ø ø
ㄅㄚ ㄅㄚㄧ ㄅㄚㄨ ㄅㄚㄆ ㄅㄚㄊ ㄅㄚㄎ ㄅㄚㄇ ㄅㄚㄋ ㄅㄚㄥ ㄉㄚ ㄉㄚㄧ ㄉㄚㄨ ㄉㄚㄆ ㄉㄚㄊ ㄉㄚㄎ ㄉㄚㄇ ㄉㄚㄋ ㄉㄚㄥ ㄐㄚ ㄐㄚㄧ ㄐㄚㄨ ㄐㄚㄆ ㄐㄚㄊ ㄐㄚㄎ ㄐㄚㄇ ㄐㄚㄋ ㄐㄚㄥ ㄍㄚ ㄍㄚㄧ ㄍㄚㄨ ㄍㄚㄆ ㄍㄚㄊ ㄍㄚㄎ ㄍㄚㄇ ㄍㄚㄋ ㄍㄥ
ㄆㄚ ㄆㄚㄧ ㄆㄚㄨ ㄆㄚㄆ ㄆㄚㄊ ㄆㄚㄎ ㄆㄚㄇ ㄆㄚㄋ ㄆㄥ ㄊㄚ ㄊㄚㄧ ㄊㄚㄨ ㄊㄚㄆ ㄊㄚㄊ ㄊㄚㄎ ㄊㄚㄇ ㄊㄚㄋ ㄊㄥ ㄑㄚ ㄑㄚㄧ ㄑㄚㄨ ㄑㄚㄆ ㄑㄚㄊ ㄑㄚㄎ ㄑㄚㄇ ㄑㄚㄋ ㄑㄚㄥ ㄎㄚ ㄎㄚㄧ ㄎㄚㄨ ㄎㄚㄆ ㄎㄚㄊ ㄎㄚㄎ ㄎㄚㄇ ㄎㄚㄋ ㄎㄚㄥ
ㄇㄚ ㄇㄚㄧ ㄇㄚㄨ ㄇㄚㄆ ㄇㄚㄊ ㄇㄚㄎ ㄇㄚㄇ ㄇㄚㄋ ㄇㄚㄥ ㄋㄚ ㄋㄚㄧ ㄋㄚㄨ ㄋㄚㄆ ㄋㄚㄊ ㄋㄚㄎ ㄋㄚㄇ ㄋㄚㄋ ㄋㄚㄥ ㄚㄧ ㄚㄨ ㄚㄆ ㄚㄊ ㄚㄎ ㄚㄇ ㄚㄋ
ㄌㄚ ㄌㄚㄧ ㄌㄚㄨ ㄌㄚㄆ ㄌㄚㄊ ㄌㄚㄎ ㄌㄚㄇ ㄌㄚㄋ ㄌㄥ ㄙㄚ ㄙㄚㄧ ㄙㄚㄨ ㄙㄚㄆ ㄙㄚㄊ ㄙㄚㄎ ㄙㄚㄇ ㄙㄚㄋ ㄙㄥ ㄏㄚ ㄏㄚㄧ ㄏㄚㄨ ㄏㄚㄆ ㄏㄚㄊ ㄏㄚㄎ ㄏㄚㄇ ㄏㄚㄋ ㄏㄥ
ㄧㄚ ㄅㄧㄚ ㄅㄧㄚㄨ ㄅㄧㄚㄆ ㄅㄧㄚㄊ ㄅㄧㄚㄎ ㄅㄧㄚㄇ ㄅㄧㄚㄋ ㄅㄧㄥ ㄍㄧㄚ ㄍㄧㄚㄧ ㄍㄧㄚㄨ ㄍㄧㄚㄆ ㄍㄧㄚㄊ ㄍㄧㄚㄎ ㄍㄧㄚㄇ ㄍㄧㄚㄋ ㄍㄧㄥ
ㄆㄧㄚ ㄆㄧㄚㄨ ㄆㄧㄚㄆ ㄆㄧㄚㄊ ㄆㄧㄚㄎ ㄆㄧㄚㄇ ㄆㄧㄚㄋ ㄆㄧㄥ ㄎㄧㄚ ㄎㄧㄚㄧ ㄎㄧㄚㄨ ㄎㄧㄚㄆ ㄎㄧㄚㄊ ㄎㄧㄚㄎ ㄎㄧㄚㄇ ㄎㄧㄚㄋ ㄎㄧㄥ
ㄇㄧㄚ ㄇㄧㄚㄨ
ㄏㄧㄚㄥ
ㄨㄚ ㄉㄨㄚ ㄉㄨㄚㄊ ㄉㄨㄚㄋ ㄉㄨㄚㄥ ㄐㄨㄚ ㄐㄨㄚㄧ ㄐㄨㄚㄎ ㄍㄨㄚㄧ
ㄎㄨㄚㄧ
ㄨㄚ ㄨㄚㄧ ㄨㄚㄨ ㄨㄚㄋ ㄨㄚㄥ
ㄒㄨㄚ ㄒㄨㄚㄧ ㄒㄨㄚㄋ ㄒㄨㄚㄥ ㄏㄨㄚ
両唇音 歯茎音 硬口蓋音 軟口蓋音
coda ø ø ø ø
ㄅㄝ ㄅㄝㄧ ㄅㄝㄆ ㄅㄝㄊ ㄅㄝㄎ ㄅㄝㄇ ㄅㄝㄋ ㄅㄝㄥ ㄉㄝ ㄉㄝㄧ
먿
ㄧㄝ
ㄨㄝ
퀀
両唇音 歯茎音 硬口蓋音 軟口蓋音
coda ø ø ø ø
ㄅㄨ ㄅㄨㄧ ㄅㄨㄜ ㄅㄨㄆ ㄅㄨㄊ ㄅㄨㄎ ㄅㄨ ㄅㄨ ㄅㄨ 굿
ㄧㄨ  
퓨 
뮤 
両唇音 歯茎音 硬口蓋音 軟口蓋音
coda ø ø ø ø
ㄅㄧ ㄅㄧㄭ ㄅㄧㄆ ㄅㄧㄊ ㄅㄧㄎ ㄅㄇ ㄅㄯ ㄅㆭ
믿
両唇音 歯茎音 硬口蓋音 軟口蓋音
coda ø ø ø ø
ㄅㄛ ㄅ⼄ ㄅㄡ ㄅㄛㄆ ㄅㄛㄊ ㄅㄛㄎ ㄅㆱ ㄅ⺔ ㄅㆲ ㄉㄛ ㄉ⼄ ㄉㄡ ㄉㄛㄆ ㄉㄛㄊ ㄉㄛㄎ ㄉㆱ ㄉ⺔ ㄉㆲ
ㄧㄛ


 
 
ø ø ø ø

In addition, there are all the "filler" vowel-syllables, which can only occur with an onset: ㄅㄩ, ㄉㄩ, ㄐㄩ, ㄍㄩ, ㄆㄩ, ㄊㄩ, ㄑㄩ, ㄎㄩ, ㄇㄩ, ㄋㄩ, ㄩ, ㄌㄩ, ㄙㄩ, and ㄏㄩ.